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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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radio-ulnar joint
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held together by:
-anular ligament (proximal) -interosseus membrane -articular disc (distal) |
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interosseus membrane
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connective tissue sheath
-connects radius to ulna without restricting pronation/supination -attachment site of anterior/posterior compartment muscles -transmit forces from radius to ulna |
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muscles of the superficial anterior compartment
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mnemonic: PFPF (pass/fail pass/fail)
Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialus Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis |
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pronator teres
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origin: two heads, humeral and ulnar - medial side of coronoid process
insertion: mid-shaft of the radius action: pronates the hand innervation: median nerve (which passes between the two heads) |
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flexor carpi radialis
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origin: common tendon
insertion: base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal action: flexion and abduction of the wrist innervation: median nerve |
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palmaris longus
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origin: common tendon
insertion: palmar aponeurosis action: accessory flexor of the wrist; opposes shearing of the skin of the palm *absent in 15% of individuals |
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flexor carpi ulnaris
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origin: two heads (humeral/ulnar) from the olecranon and posterior border of the ulna
insertion: pisiform, continues via hamate, pisohamate, and pismetacarpal ligaments to metacarpal V action: flexion and adduction of wrist innervation: ulnar nerve (which passes between the two heads |
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flexor digitorum superficialis
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origin: common flexor tendon and coronoid processes of radius and ulna
insertion: four tendons to middle phalanges of fingers 2-5 action: flexion of wrist, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints innervation: median nerve |
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deep anterior layer
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flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus pronator quadratus |
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flexor digitorum profundus
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origin: from ulna and interosseous membrane
insertion: distal phalanges of fingers 2-5 action: flexion of wrist, metacarpophalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal joints of fingers 2-5 innervation: median n., and ulnar half by ulnar n. |
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flexor pollicis longus
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origin: radius and interosseous membrane
insertion: distal phalanx of the thumb action: flexes interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb innervation: median nerve (anterior interosseous n.) |
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pronator quadratus
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origin: from the ulna
insertion: fibers pass laterally to insert on radius action: pulls distal end of the radius over the ulna inervation: median nerve (anterior interosseous n.) |
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superficial posterior layer
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brachioradialis
extensor carpi radialis longus extensor carpi radialis brevis extensor digitorum extensor digiti minimi extensor carpi ulnaris anconeus |
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brachioradialis
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origin: supracondylar ridge of the humerus
insertion: distal end of the radius action: accessory flexor of the elbow joint innervation: radial n. (travelling deep to brachioradialis) |
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extensor carpi radialis longus
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deep to brachioradialis
origin: supracondylar ridge insertion: base of the 2nd metacarpal action: extends and abducts the wrist innervation: radial nerve |
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extensor carpi radialis brevis
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deep to the extensor carpi radialis longus
origin: common extensor tendon insertion: base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal action: extends and abducts the wrist innervation: deep branch of the radial n. |
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extensor digitorum
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origin: common extensor tendon
insertion: extensor expansion on middle and distal phalanges of the 2nd-5th fingers action: extends 2nd-5th fingers, extends the wrist innervation: posterior interosseous n. |
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extensor digiti minimi
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origin: common with the extensor digitorum
insertion: has its own tendown that inserts onto the extensor hood of the 5th digit action: extends the little finger innervation: posterior interosseous n. |
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extensor carpi ulnaris
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medial to extensor digit minimi
origin: common extensor tendon, and the posterior border of the ulna insertion: base of the 5th metacarpal action: extends and adducts the wrist innervation: posterior interosseous n. |
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anconeus
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most medial of superficial extensors
origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus insertion: onto the posterolateral surface of the ulna action: abducts the ulna during pronation (maintains the center of the palm over the same point when the hand is flipped) innervation: radial nerve |
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deep posterior layer
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supinator
abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis extensor pollicis longus extensor indicis |
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supinator
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two heads of origin: humeral head from lateral epicondyle, and deep/ulnar head from supinator crest of the ulna
insertion: two heads wrap around posterior/lateral head of the radius to insert on lateral surface of the radius action: supinates the arm innervation: deep branch of the radius |
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abductor pollicis longus
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origin: on the radius and ulna (and interosseous membrane)
insertion: base of the 1st metacarpal action: abducts the carpometaphalangeal joint of the thumb, accessory extensor of the thumb innervation: posterior interosseous n. |
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extensor pollicis brevis
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origin: interosseous membrane and radius
insertion: base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb *lateral border of anatomical snuff box action: extends the carpometacarpal, and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb innervation: posterior interosseous n. |
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extensor pollicis longus
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origin: interosseous membrane and ulna
insertion: tendon curves around dorsal tubercle of the radius, and inserts on the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb action: extends interphalangeal joint of the thumb, carpometacarpal, and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb innervation: posterior interosseous n. |
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extensor indicis
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origin: posterior surface of the ulna and interosseous membrane
insertion: tendon passes into the hand then onto the extensor hood of the index finger action: accessory extensor of index finger innervation: posterior interosseous n. |
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radial nerve innervation
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at the elbow radial nerve divides into superficial and deep branches
superficial is sensory deep branch is motor deep branch enters the supinator muscle and emerges from the inferior border as the posterior interosseous nerve |
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anatomical snuff box
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triangular area seen as a depression between tendons of the extensor pollicis brevis, and extensor pollicis longus during abduction of thumb
scaphoid bone and radial artery lie at floor |
