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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do scalar quantities only have? |
Scalar quantities only have size. |
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Give an example of a scalar quantity. |
Any one of: - Speed - Energy (Light, Sound) - Mass - Power - Temperture - Distance - Time |
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What 2 things do vector quantities have? |
Vector quantities have size and direction. |
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Give an example of a vector quantity. |
Any one of: - Acceleration - Displacement - Weight - Velocity - Force - Momentum |
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Work out this Vector sum: 6n 1n ------------------------------>--------> |
Answer: 7n ------------------------------------------------> 6n 1n ---------------------------------------->------> |
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Work out this vector sum: 6n ---------------------------------------> 1n <------ |
Answer: 5n ---------------------------------> |
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What is the Pythagoras Theorm? |
A squared + B squared = C squared |
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Name a non-contact force. |
Any one of: - Weight - Electro static force - Magnetic - Normal force |
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Name a contact force. |
Any one of: - Air resistance - Friction - Push/ Pull - Upthrust/ Thrust - Drag - Surface tension |
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What is the normal force? |
The normal force is the force which pushes up from weight from the centre of mass. |
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Work Done = ? |
Work Done (Nm) = Force (N) x Distance moved (m) |
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What is mass? |
Mass is how much of something there is. |
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What is weight and how is it calculated? |
Weight is a force which is due to gravity. Weight (N/Kg) = Mass (Kg) x Gravitational Field Strength (N) |
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What is the elastic limit? |
The elastic limit is the maximum amount something can stretch or the largest force which can be applied before permanently deforming the object. |
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What is elastic behaviour? |
Where a material returns to its original shape when forces are removed. |
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What is Hooke's law? |
It states that force is proportional to extension until the object reaches its elastic limit. |
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Based on Hooke's law... Force = ? |
Force = Spring constant x extension. F = K e |
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When elastic objects are stretched, what do the store? |
Elastic Potential Energy. |
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Elastic Potential Energy = ? |
Elastic Potential Energy (J) = 1/2 x Spring Constant x Extension Squared. |
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What is a moment? |
A moment is the turning force. |
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What is a pivot (fulcrum)? |
The point about which a system rotates. |
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What is an effort? |
The size of the force applied to the system. |
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What is a load? |
The size of the force to be moved by the system. |
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Moment of a Force =? |
Moment of a Force (Nm) = Force x Distance |
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What can levers work as to make the job easier? |
Force Multipliers. |
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What is pressure? |
Pressure is the force acting over an area. |
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Pressure in solids = ? |
Pressure in solids = Force / Area |
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Pressure in fluids = ? |
Pressure in fluids = Height of the column x Density of the fluid x Gravity |
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Gradient = ? |
Change in X / Change in Y |
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What is instantaneous speed? |
The speed at one instant of the journey just like a sort of snap shot. |
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What is acceleration? |
- The build up of speed - An increase in velocity over time |
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Acceleration = ? |
Acceleration (m/s/s) = Change in velocity / Time |
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Velocity (speed) = ? |
Velocity = Distance / Time |
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What is Newton's first law? |
An object at rest will remain at rest and a moving object will remain in uniform motion in a straight line when the resultant force is zero. |
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What is Newton's second law? |
Inertial mass is a measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object. |
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What is Newton's third law? |
For every action there will be an equal and opposite reaction. |
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Give the equation for working out force when acceleration is involved. |
Force = Mass x Acceleration. |
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What is the equation for stopping distance? |
Stopping distance = Thinking distance + Braking distance. |
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Name a factor which can affect thinking distance. |
Any one of: - Tiredness - Not concentrating - Alcohol and Drugs - Speed |
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Name a factor which can affect braking distance. |
Any one of: - Speed - Icy roads - Poor brake condition - Bald tyres |
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Momentum = ? |
Momentum (Kg m/s) = Mass x Velocity |
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In the terms of momentum, what is the equation for working out force? |
Force = Change in momentum / Time |
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What is a closed system? |
A closed system is where there are no external forces. |
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What is the conservation of momentum? |
Total momentum before explosion = Total momentum after explosion. The equals part either being where the explosion happens or a collision happens which causes to objects to coalesce. |
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What happens when two things coalesce? |
When 2 objects coalesce, it usually means when the objects (moving or one is stationary) collide together and now keep moving at equal velocities. |
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What is a resultant force? |
When 2 forces are not acting together at right angles. |
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How do you calculate a resultant force? |
Draw one to scale line and another coming off at an angle (as required). Then extrapolate the lines, still to scale, in a parallel way from the point of the opposite line. Do this until the extrapolated lines meet each other. The resultant force is the distance between the 2 opposite corners furthest from each other. |
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Name a feature designed to stop a car crash. |
Any one of: - Traction control - Mirrors - Child locks - Lights - Tyres in good condition - ABS (Brakes) - Electric windows - Wipers - Flappy paddle gear box |
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Name a feature designed to protect people inside a car during a car crash. |
Any one of: - Air bags - Crumple zone - Seatbelts (pretensioners) - Safety glass - Roll cage - Head rest - Shatterproof glass |
