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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the SI units? |
Length - metres Mass - kg Current - Amps Temperature - kelvin Time - seconds Luminous intensity - candela Amount of substance - moles |
There are seven Page 32 |
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What are the prefixes and their standard form? |
Tera - 10^12 Giga - 10^9 Mega - 10^6 Kilo - 10^3 Deci - 10^-1 Centi - 10^-2 Milli - 10^-3 Micro - 10^-6 Nano 10^-9 Pico - 10^-12 |
Page 32 |
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What is a random error? |
It is caused by unexpected and unpredictable changes in the experiment (such as by the environment), which causes results to be scattered above or below the true value. It only affects one/two results in a set. The error can be identified by taking repeats. The mean can also be calculated to give a more accurate result. |
Page 36 |
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What is the difference between a random error and human error? |
- A random error is caused by small changes in environmental conditions (e.g. temperature changes or light level changes) - A human error is caused by mistakes (e.g. misreading a value)
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Page 36 |
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What are two examples of random errors? |
- Variable heating in circuits causing variations in the current being measured - An unexpectedly large extension of a metal wire due to a fault in its structure |
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What is a systematic error? |
This sort of error occurs when there is an inaccuracy in the apparatus or the person conducting the investigation is using it wrongly |
Page 37 |
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What are two examples of systematic errors? |
- the needle of an ammeter points at 0.2A when there is no current flowing (zero error) - A meter rule is only 99.5cm not 100cm (scale printed is incorrect) |
Page 37 |
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What is a vector triangle? |
A type of scale diagram with two vectors, drawn tip-to-tail, to show how they can be added together |
Page 53 |
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What is a resultant vector? |
The sum of two vectors forms the third side of a vector triangle |
Page 53 |
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What is thinking distance? |
The distance the car travels between the driver seeing the hazard and applying the brakes |
Page 73 |
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What affects thinking distance? |
- speed - reaction time • drugs / alcohol • age of driver • tiredness • distractions |
Page 73 |
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What is stopping distance? |
The distance the car travels between applying the brakes and coming to a rest |
Page 73 |
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What affects stopping distance? |
- speed - mass - condition of brakes - condition of road (weather) - condition of tyres |
Page 73 |
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What is the formula for thinking distance? |
Reaction time × speed of car |
Page 74 |
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What is the formula for braking distance? |
1/2mv^2 = Fd |
Page 74 |
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What is one mile equal to in metres? |
1609.3m |
Page 75 |
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What is a resultant force? |
A single force which has the same effect as the sum of all the forces acting on a body |
Page 82 |
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What is the normal contact force? |
This force acts perpendicular to the surface at the point of contact of a body |
Page 84 |
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What is upthrust? |
This is the upward force that is exerted onto a body by a liquid or gas due to the water (liquid or gas) displaced |
Page 85 |
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What is friction? |
It opposes motion at the point of contact |
Page 85 |
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What is terminal velocity? |
The constant speed that a free falling object reaches when the resistive force prevents further acceleration |
Page 87 |
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What is a moment? |
Force × perpendicular distance of its line of action from the point or axis or pivot |
Page 90 |
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What is the principle of moments? |
For an object to be in rotational equilibrium, the sum of the clockwise moments must be equal to the sum of the anticlockwise moments |
Page 91 |
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What makes an object more stable? |
When an object has a low centre of mass and wide base area |
Page 94 |
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What is the formula for the volume of a cone? |
1/3pie r^2 h |
Page 96 |
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What is the density of air? |
1.29 |
Page 96 |
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What is the density of water? |
1000 |
Page 96 |
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In order for an object to float, does the object need to be more or less dense than the fluid it is floating in? |
The object needs to be less dense |
Page 96 |
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What is the size of upthrust dependent on? |
- the weight of the fluid displaced - the pressure acting on the part of the object where it is submerged in water |
Page 97 |
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What is archimedes' principle? |
The upthrust force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced |
Page 97 |
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Why does pressure increase with depth? |
This is because of the increased weight of the fluid above |
Page 98 |
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What are the two pressure formulas? |
P = F/A P = hpg |
Page 98 |
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What is upthrust equal to? |
The downward weight Or the pressure × area of the bottom of the object |
Page 99 |
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What is the formula for upthrust? |
Ahpg Downward weight Pressure × area of bottom of the object |
Page 99 |
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What is work done? |
Force × distance travelled in the direction of the force |
Page 106 |
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What is a joule? |
Unit of measure for work done. It is when a one newton force causes an object to move one metre. 1 joule = 1Nm |
Page 106 |
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What is a closed system? |
Any system in which all the energy transfers are accounted for. Energy or matter cannot leave a closed system |
Page 108 |
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What formula can be used when loss in gpe = gain in ke? |
1/2 mv^2 = mgh |
Page 110 |
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What is power? |
Work done per unit time |
Page 113 |
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What are the two power formulas? |
Power = work done/time Power = force × velocity |
Page 113 |
