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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the essential fatty acid
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Linoleic acid
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The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
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Will provide for the known nutritional needs of almost all healthy people
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Fat digestion in the body requires which of the following compounds?
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bile salts
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glycemic index is a term that refers to
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how fast a food raises blood glucose
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the structure of a lipoprotein allows it to
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form a fluid membrane structure
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excess intake of Folic acid (Folate)
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masks a vitamin B12 deficiency
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the sugar found only in milk is
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Lactose
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which of the following is an important function of the stomach?
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secretion of acid
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which of he following is a function of dietary protein?
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enzymes
structural tissue repair --all of the above |
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the B vitamin deficiency that can result in pernicious anemia is
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Vitamin B12
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which of the following animal is missing the last enzyme in vitamin C synthesis making it an essential nutrient?
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Tarsier
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Which of the following is true about carbohydrates?
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If eaten in excess, they are stored as fat
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A major factor in changing one's BMR would be to
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change the ratio of muscle to fat
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the five basic tastes are
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sweet, salty, bitter, sour, unami
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the pancreas secretes
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digestive enzymes
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"enriched" grains do not have which of the following substances added back?
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dietary fiber
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cells that can use glucose without the presence of insulin are
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brain cells
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according to the CHD risk calculator we used in class, which caused the greatest increase in heart disease risk?
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smoking
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Compared to unsaturated fats, saturated fats contain more
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hydrogen
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vitamin B12 requires which of the following for absorption?
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intrinsic factor
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one of the important functions of Vitamin D is
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Calcium absorption
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During protein synthesis, the limiting amino acid
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the one present in the least amount compared to need
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adult onset diabetes (Type II) usually occurs as a result of
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obesty
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Hydrogenation of oil
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makes it more solid at room temperature
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the function(s) of vitamin E include
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antioxidant
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the vitamin made by intestinal bacteria and associated with blood clotting is
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Vitamin K
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PKU is caused by a genetic inability to metabolize
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Phenylalanine
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Protein quality
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both A and C
(can improve when combining plant protein sources in a meal& is typically assessed by measuring weight gain in rats) |
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All of the following deficiency states are true EXCEPT
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beriberi=Vitamin K deficiency
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Your liver releases glucose when blood glucose is low. This glucose comes primarily from
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Glycogen
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which of the following is associated with too little or poor quality dietary protein?
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Kwashiorkor
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Hunger as opposed to appetite can be described by which of the following?
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chemical changes in the body
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high fructose corn syrup is
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metabolized like sucrose
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Complementary relationships would be most important to
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Vegans
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If a healthy individual eats a large amount of cholesterol in a particular day:
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the body will make less
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which of these carbohydrates is NOT a good source of energy?
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Cellulose
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Naturally occuring unsaturated fatty acids in foods
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Are Cis
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A triglyceride is composed of
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3 fatty acids bonded to glycerol
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Most fats in the body are in the form of
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triglycerides
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Compared to soluble fiber, insoluble fiber is more effective at
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Both B & C:
(decreasing constipation and binding water) |
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mad cow disease is caused by
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Prions
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thiaminie deficiency first became a problem with the advent of
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Polished rice
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Essential nutrients include
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those the body needs but cannot synthesize on its own
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How many calories are produced from a meal containing 100 g carbohydrates, 10g fat, and 20g protein?
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570
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which of the following may help prevent niacin deficiency?
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tryptophan
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you take a vitamin/mineral supplement every morning and exceed your RDA> which of the following would be mos helpful in determining if you are consuming to much of a nutrient?
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Tolerable upper limit (UL)
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Beta Carotene
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is a precursor to vitamin A
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Molecules that are important to the flavor of foods are usually
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Fat Soluble
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breakdown of any polymer into monomers for absorption occurs by
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hydrolysis
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excess vitamin A is a concern for pregnant women because it causes
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birth defects
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from a food safety standpoint, growth of most pathogens is possible when temperature is
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between 40F and 140F
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the FDA has ruled that food irradiation is an additive and therefore must be
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labeled with Radura
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which of the following is TRUE about refrigeration?
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For each 18F decrease in temperature there will be a 10 fold decrease in growth rate
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Microbial growth can be controlled by manipulating
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ALL OF THE ABOVE
temperature, pH, available water |
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Which regulatory mineral is primarily found in intracellular fluid (inside the cell)
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Potassium
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Production of wine is a result of
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Anaerobic fermentation
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an organism that can be easily destroyed by cooking is
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ALL of these
salmonella, staph, e.coli |
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Mineral abortion can be affected by
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All of the above
oxalate, competition with other minerals, phylates |
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Legally a food that is called a "good source" of VItamin C
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follows the 10% rule
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Hemochromastosis is disease caused by
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excess iron absorption
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refreezing thawed food
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should be done with care
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Jam is safe to store at room temperature because of its high sugar content. The sugar:
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decreases water activity
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structure.function claims on a label
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recquire a disclaimer
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which of the following minerals is important for reactions involving atp?
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magnesium
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a mild heat treatment that inactivates enzymes is
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blanching
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dietary supplements use, especially herbals should be considered with caution because of
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ALL OF THE ABOVE
(possible drug contamination, possible heavy metal contamination, current marketing regulations) |
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Labeling laws require ingredients be listed in descending order of their
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weight
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which of the following food condition requires a 12 D process?
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pH 6.7 and no oxygen
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European grape vines were destroyed due to
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a roote louse introduced by the US
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which of these would be a disqualifying nutrient(s) if present at high enough level
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Fat
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When calcium is lacking in the diet it is removed from bone
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to keep the blood calcium level constant
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almost all food poisoning can be prevented by
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ALL of the above
keeping the food cold, preventing contamination with pathogens, keeping the food hot |
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a pH 4.6 is important in food microbiology because
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Most pathogens grow above this pH
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The organism responsible for cruise ship outbreaks and nearly 60% of food borne illness is
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Norovirus
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WHich is/are characteristics of aneorexia
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highest death rate of any psychological disorder
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Serving size is legally defined so that the consumer
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can compare similar foods
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which of the following is an essential element in all cells of the body?
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Iron
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Which organism can cause spontaneous abortion?
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Listeria
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Selenium mainly functions in/as
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an antioxidant
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the body will adjust to anemia by
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increasing rate of iron absorption
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Bacteria can increase their numbers rapidly because they reproduce by
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binary fission
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a lack and excess of Iodine can cause
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goiter
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BMR wil typically
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decrease with age
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Food poisoining from rice is likely caused by
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B cereus
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the main function of chloride is
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part of stomach acid
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iron stored in the liver is bound to which protein?
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ferritin
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in a video we saw in class, infection by what organism caused a woman serious kidney failure from suspected cookie dough?
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E Coli O: 157 H:7
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Irradiation kills microrganisms in food by
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both A and C
indirectly producing free radicals and damaging DNA directly |
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which major mineral makes a major contribution to the concentration of extracellular (outside) fluid
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sodium
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Pasteurization is designed to
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kill pathogens
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the psychrophile that can grow in ready to eat deli food is
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Listeria monocytogens
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To ensure that low-acid canned foods do not contain C botulimim, a ___ process is used?
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12D
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C. Perfringens is an example of an organism
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that produces a toxin in the GI tract
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WHich of the following organism produces a toxin that remains harmful even if the food was cooked properly after contamination?
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Staphylococcus aureus
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Which of the following was most likely preserved from spray drying?
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milk powders
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A factor in the development of osteoporosis is
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ALL OF THESE
gender, genetics, hormone levels |
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consuming extra protein and/or protein supplements will
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likely be utilized for energy
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which of the following best describes cold sterilization and cold pasteurization
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the food is not processed using heat
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You and your roommate had some pizza and 12 beers each last night. You eat the cold piza for breakfast the next morning since it is one of your uncontrallable weaknesses. A few hours later during FST 2200, as you run to the bathroom with a nasty bout of diarrhea, you vaguely remember that your roomate sneezed on the pizza rigt before you passed out. Besides blaming your illness on your roomate, you can also blame it on
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staph aureus
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Carbohydrate loading refers to
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altering training and diet to increase muscle glycogen
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