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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of Food |
For Energy- Food we eat provides energy. Our body breaks down eaten food to release energy. Energy is used to carry out daily activities such as work & play. For Growth and Repair- Food eaten helps to build and repair body cells, which ensure proper growth and development of body. Protection and Health- Food eaten protects from common diseases. Nutrients from food keep us healthy and ensures body is in best condition possible. |
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Balanced Diet |
Contains all nutrients and correct amounts to meet an individual's nutritional needs |
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How to achieve balanced diet |
Variety- Diet contains different types of food from different sources -e.g. cereals, vegetables, fruit, near, seafood, eggs, dairy products. -in order to obtain different nutrients that body needs Moderation- do not eat too little or too much of one type of food -eating food high in fats, sugar & salt or eating too little fruits & vegetables may affect health Balance- eat according to what body needs -food must provide with right amount of nutrients suitable for body's needs -balance food intake with daily activities |
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Energy Intake |
Refers to body obtaining energy from food consumed We should choose food that gives both energy and nutrients to maintain good health |
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Food High in Energy and High in Nutrients |
Wheat, whole-grains, meat, meat products, seafood, nuts |
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Low in Energy and High in Nutrients |
Fruits & Vegetables |
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High In Energy and Low in Nutrients |
Sweets, chocolates, cakes, doughnuts, biscuits, sugar-sweetened beverages |
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Energy Expenditure |
We need energy to carry out daily activities including work and play. Energy is also needed for basal metabolism. This is the minimum amount of energy required for breathing, blood circulation and other body functions Energy Expenditure refers to energy used by body for daily activities and basal metabolism. |
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Conversions between different units |
Energy is commonly measured in kilocalories (kcal) or kiloJoules (kJ). 1 kcal=4.2kJ 1 kcal= 1000 calories |
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Amount of energy used in an hour for different types of daily activities |
Resting (70kcal/294kJ) ~lying down/sleeping Sedentary activity (85kcal/357kJ) ~studying/ surfing internet Light Activity (200kcal/840kJ) ~Walking / window shopping Moderate activity (350kcal/1470kJ) ~Doing housework/ gardening Heavy activity (500kcal/2100kJ) ~Playing soccer, swimming
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Factors affecting energy requirements |
Age ~teenagers need more energy than elderly because there are at stage of rapid growth and are physically more active Body Size ~Taller larger people need more energy to maintain basic body functions than shorter smaller people Gender ~males need more energy than females because they generally have more muscle mass than females Level of activity ~people engaged in higher level of activity need more energy than those less active |
