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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sulfonamides
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- compete w/PABA for the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase
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sulfonamides
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- interfere w/folate synthesis
- bacteriostatic - mostly given oral - penetrates CNS, placenta, breast milk |
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sulfasalazine
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- a sulfa drug not used to treat an infective process (tx inflammatory bowel)
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side effects of sulfonamides
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- crystalluria --> nephrotoxicity
- kernicterus (increased bilirubin in the blood) - hypersensitivity - hemolytic anemia - interferes w/body's own folic acid |
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newborn/<2 mos; pregnant
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- CIs for sulfonamides
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mafenide, silver sulfadiazine, succinlysulfathiazole, sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalzine, sulfixoxazole
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- sulfonamides
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trimethoprim
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- inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
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pyrimethamine
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- a trimethoprim used for parasitic infections
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methotrexate
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- a trimethoprim used in cancer chemo
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trimethoprim
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- bacteriocidal & static
- used to tx UTI - 20-50x more potent than sulfonamides |
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megaloblasitic (pernicious) anemia, leucopenia, granulocytopenia
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- SEs of trimethoprim
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trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole)
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- premier tx for pneumocystis carinii in AIDS pts
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co-trimoxazole
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- trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole
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co-trimoxazole
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- tx listeria infection, respiratory infection, GI infection, prostate & chronic UTI
- effective against gram negatives |
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co-trimoxazole
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- SEs: nausea, vomiting, glossitis, stomatitis; in HIV patients: drug-induced fever, rash, diarrhea, pancytopenia
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polytrim
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trimethoprim + polymixin B
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polytrim
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- pediatric drug of choice (ocular antibiotic)
- effective against most gram + and gram - |
