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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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First isolated from spinach |
Folate |
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Oxidized form of B9 |
Folic acid |
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Reduced form of B9 |
Folate |
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RDA for B9 |
400ug |
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Folate is formed by what three molecules |
Pteridine PABA Glutamic acid |
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Folate in foods |
Polyglutamate |
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Main forms of folate in foods |
5-methyl-THF 10-formyl-THF |
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True or false: Folate requires digestion to be absorbed |
True |
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Polyglutamate must be converted to ______ by 2 conjugases either ____ or ____ |
monoglutamate, soluble or bound |
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Conjugase found in pancreatic juice and bile |
Soluble |
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Conjugase on the enterocyte brush border, zinc dependent |
Bound |
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Legumes, lentils, cabage, oranges, alcohol: decrease conversion to monoglutamate form decreasing folate absorption |
Conjugase inhibitors |
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Main B9 carrier in the small intestine |
Proton Coupled Folate Transporter |
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Folate transport at the basolateral membrane is mediated by |
multidrug resistant protein 3 (MRP) |
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In the portal circulation B9 is mainly found as |
folate and 5-methyl-THF |
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Are polyglutamates found in circulation |
No |
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Uptake in liver and other tissues is regulated by |
Carrier mediated |
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Inside cells ____ are added to various folate forms, which traps folate inside cells |
Glutamates |
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Ubquitously expressed Folate receptor that works at neutral pH |
RFC (reduced folate carrier) |
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Folate-/H+ symporter transporter that works at acidic pH |
PCFT |
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The conversion of folate to DHF and THF is a reduction or oxidation |
Reduction |
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Third folate transporter with alpha, gamma, beta forms |
FR (Folate receptor) |
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FR mediates folate uptake by |
Receptor mediated endocytosis |
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Folate functions as a ____ in cytosol and mito. It can donate or accept one carbon |
Coenzyme |
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Folate is involved in A.A. syn, mainly |
Met |
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PCFT transporter is not found in the |
basolateral membrane of enterocytes |
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Methionine syn. requires |
Folate as 5-Methyl THF and Cobalamin as methylcobalamin |
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Deficiency of B9 |
Megaloblastic macrocytic anemia |
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Symptoms of megaloblastic macrocytic anemia |
Abnormal DNA syn, large immature cells w/ lots of hemoglobin |
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Methylcobalamin works by doing what 2 things |
Accepting a methyl from 5-methyl THF and donating a methyl to homocysteine |
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Deficiency of folate can lead to what defects |
Neural Tube Defects |
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Neural tube defect examples |
Spina-bifida Anencephaly |
