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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anti-estrogen
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-Tamoxifen: blocks estrogen receptors to slow rate of cancer
-Raloxifene: selective estradiol receptor modulator(SERM), estrogen agonist to prevent osteporosis -clomiphene: induce ovulation treat female infertility |
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Fxns of Progesterone
side effects |
-secretory phase of endometrial
-suppress gnRH -thermogenic action(causes higher temperature) -suppress ovulation -used as a contraceptive and to postpone menstruation -thromboembolic events, edema(sodium retention), weight gain(water) |
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Antiprogestins
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-Mifepirstone(RU-486): abortifacient early in pregnancy
-deprive fetus of oxygen and nourishment |
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Hormonal Contraceptives contain?
stops? different phases? |
-estrogen(ethinyl ertradiol/mestranol) and progestin
-Combined pill stops ovaries from release eggs -Monophasic: 1 every 21 days -bi: 1-11 one dose, 11-21: increase dose -Tri: every seven days different dose |
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Efficacy of progestin only contraceptives?
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-less that combination
-works by changing mucus entrace to uterus so sperm cannot pass through |
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Estrogen/Progestin contraceptive analogues
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-ethinyl estradiol, menstranol
-progestin: norethindone, norgesterl |
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Positives/Negatives of oral contraceptives
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-lighter period
-acne -no pms -prevent bone density loss -improves endometriosis -improves sx of RA minus -sore breast/nausaea -weight gain and mood changes -BLOOD CLOTS |
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Positive/Negative of Progestin
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+
-decrease menstrual blood loss -decrease menstrual camps and pain - -irregular bleeding patterns, spotting -less effective -amenorrhea, headaches, abdominal pain |
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Emergency Contraceptives
side effects |
Postcoital, Emergency Contraceptives(PEC)
-pla B: 2 one pill does .75mg levonorgesterl separated by 12 hrs -plan B one step: 1.5mg of levonogestrel -needs to be taken within 72 hrs of intercourse -nausa,vomit, dizzy,fatigue, headache -BLOOD CLOTS -breast tnerness, abdominal pain -heavier/lighter menstrual bleeding |
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Can hormon replacement therapy ward off heart disease, osteoporosis and cancer and post menopause syndromes?
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-no
-increase heart attack/stroke, blood clots, breast cancer -only help with osteoporosis |
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HRT estrogen alone
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-increase stroke, venous thrombosis
-increase benefit: bone fractures shows combo therapy doesn't improve benefits |
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Non-contraceptive benefits:
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HRT: reduce fractures
cut alzheimers but double likelihood of dementia -combination not better than estrogen itslef |
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Implications of Dentistry
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-sex steroids alter oral structures
-pregnancy = gingival inflammation and increase tooth mobility -High rsik of alveolar osteitis(dry socket) after mandibular 3rd molar extraction in women taking estrogens -blood coagulation blocks cavity, once dissolved exposes bone/nerves -antibiotics such as rifampin, penicillins, tetracyclines, metronidazole reduce contraceptive efficacy |
