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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most common cause of urethral obstruction in male cats
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Mucus plugs
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How often do UTIs occur in cats
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<2% of cats under 10yrs
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What is FIC
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Feline Idiopathic Cystitis
Inflammatory disorder of LUT causing stranguria, dysuria, hematuria, pollakiuria, and/or periuria BUT routine tests are normal/negative It is a dx of exclusion |
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What is feline interstitial cystitis
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A subset of FIC w/ submucosal hemorrhages seen on cytoscopy
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What are 3 possible pathogeneses for FIC
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1. Decreased urinary excretion of GAGs (so defective layer in the bladder)
2. Increased activation of sensory neurons (sensation of pain and release of substance P causing vascular leakage) 3. Stress-induced increased sympathetic efferent neuronal activity (psycho-endocrine) Another possible cause is Viral infection |
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What is the typical signalment of FIC cats
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Young to middle aged (2-6yrs)
No sex predilection |
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What are some risk factors for FIC
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Obesity
Dry food only Indoor only Sedentary lifestyle Multi-cat household Neutering |
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What does an FIC UA usually look like
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Normal pH
Hematuria often the only abnormality (no or few inflamm cells) |
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True/False: Almost all cat stones are radiodense
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True
Unless <2mm |
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What are three impt things to remember about tx of FIC
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#1 No known cure
#2 Likely to resolve on own w/in 10 days #3 Goal is to decrease severity and recurrence rates |
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When should drug therapy be implemented in tx of FIC
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As last option
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True/False: Altering the bladder/urethral contractility and spasm is a good way to tx FIC
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False
No proven benefit |
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Which antidepressant is the only one with suspected benefit in cases of FIC
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Amitriptylline
Good for chronic (recurrent) cases, but monitor liver enzymes |
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What benefit do steroids have in tx of FIC
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NONE!
May cause UTIs, and will lead to PU/PD |
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What is the typical recurrence rate of FIC
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30-70%
But, may go mths-yrs b/t episodes |
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When should Abx be used in the tx of FIC
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NEVER!
Abx are never indicated in this |
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True/False: Almost all cases of feline urethral obstruction are male
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True
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Where is the most common site for feline urethral obstruction
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The tip of the penis
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What are Minnesota olive-tipped catheters used for
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They are stiff, and blunt, and are the safest catheters for use in unobstructing
They are only for this purpose, though |
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True/False: Polypropylene catheters are a good choice for indwelling
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False
Tomcat catheters are just for unobstructing |
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How should you direct the penis in a cat when attempting to catheterize
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Start in normal position
Then, point tip of penis dorso-caudally once you have met resistance |
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Why should you leave 15-20mL of saline in the bladder after catheterization in an obstructed cat
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Evaluates urethral patency
Facilitates indwelling catheter placement |
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When should an indwelling catheter be placed in a previously obstructed cat
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Azotemia or hyperkalemia
Obstructing object still present Bladder atony Bladder/urethra perforation |
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Why are Abx not a good idea while an in-dwelling urinary catheter is in place
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Likely to get resistant UTI that way
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What is the most common bug to blame for the few feline UTIs that do occur
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E. coli
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