Fluids, Electrolytes, And Endocrine (M1)

Front 1

This cation is important in bone growth, muscle contractions and neuron function.

Back 1

Calcium

Front 2

This substance is important in the formation of nucleic acids and energy compounds such as ATP.

Back 2

phosphate

Front 3

This ion is the main extracellular cation.

Back 3

sodium

Front 4

Hypocapnia involves this substance

Back 4

CO2

Front 5

The blood level for this electrolyte is 4.5-5.5 mEq/liter

Back 5

Calcium

Front 6

The blood level for this electrolyte is 136-148 mEq/liter.

Back 6

sodium

Front 7

This cation moves across the sarcolemma during repolarization.

Back 7

potassium

Front 8

These two electrolytes are regulated by parathyroid hormone.

Back 8

Magnesium
Phosphate
Calcium

Front 9

This substance is secreted by the kidneys to control pH.

Back 9

H+

Front 10

This ion is important as a cofactor for the Na+/K+ pump.

Back 10

magnesium

Front 11

Aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide regulate this cation.

Back 11

sodium

Front 12

Hyperkalemia involves this ion.

Back 12

potassium

Front 13

This cation moves across the sarcolemma during depolarization.

Back 13

sodium

Front 14

Antidiuretic hormone regulates this substance

Back 14

water

Front 15

These two substances together form carbonic acid.

Back 15

water
CO2

Front 16

This ion is the main extracellular anion.

Back 16

chloride

Front 17

This substance is reabsorbed or not reabsorbed by the kidneys to control pH.

Back 17

bicarbonate

Front 18

This cation moves into synaptic knobs to bring about the release of acetycholine.

Back 18

calcium

Front 19

These ions are involved in neuron and muscle action potentials.

Back 19

sodium
potassium

Front 20

These ions are the main intracellular anions.

Back 20

phosphate
protein anions

Front 21

This anion is involved in forming the acid involved in stomach activity.

Back 21

chloride

Front 22

The blood level for this electrolyte is 3.5-5.0 mEq/liter.

Back 22

potassium

Front 23

Acidosis brings about [increased/decreased] excitability in the nervous system. Acid-base imbalances tend to strongly affect excitable tissues such as _____ and _____ tissues.

Back 23

decreased
muscle
nervous

Front 24

A decrease in pCO2 is known as [hypercapnia/hypocapnia] and results in a [drop/rise] in pH. As compensation the kidneys will [reabsorb/not reabsorb] bicarbonate.

Back 24

hypocapnia
rise
not reabsorb

Front 25

A decrease in pCO2 will result in [metabolic/respiratory] [acidosis/alkalosis]. An increase in bicarbonate level will result in [metabolic/respiratory] [acidoses/alkalosis].

Back 25

respiratory alkalosis
metabolic alkalosis

Front 26

Bases increase the number of [H+/OH-] ions in the body. Acids bring about a [lowering/raising] of pH. The blood pH ranges from _____ to _____.

Back 26

OH-
lowering
7.35 - 7.45

Front 27

A buffer system found in the interstitial fluid is the _____ buffer system. A buffer system found in the blood is the _____ buffer system

Back 27

carbonic acid-bicarbonate
protein

Front 28

This hormone causes sodium to be lost in the urine along with water. This helps to lower blood pressure.

Back 28

atrial natriuretic peptide

Front 29

This hormone may help regulate eating by stimulating the satiety center.

Back 29

cholecystikinin

Front 30

These are the main post-absorptive hormones.

Back 30

glucagon
epinephrine
norepinephrine
cortisol

Front 31

This hormone brings about a lowering of blood glucose by causing cells to take up glucose.

Back 31

insulin

Front 32

This hormone stimulates spermatogenesis in males and starts the development of primordial follicles in females.

Back 32

follicle stimulating hormones

Front 33

This hormone is involved in the 'Alarm Stage' of the General Adaptation Syndrome.

Back 33

epinephrine
norepinephrine

Front 34

This hormone increases uterine contractions during parturition.

Back 34

oxytocin

Front 35

This hormone can cause atrophy of lymphatic tissue.

Back 35

cortisol

Front 36

This hormone brings about ovulation during the ovarian cycle.

Back 36

luteinizing hormone

Front 37

These hormones are vasoconstrictors.

Back 37

ADH
epinephrine
Angiotensin II

Front 38

This hormone is involved in controlling when a person begins puberty, regulating circadian rhythm, and controlling mood.

Back 38

melatonin

Front 39

This hormone stimulates increased heart contractility and heart rate.

Back 39

epinephrine

Front 40

This hormone increases the basal metabolic rate and aids in the maturation of the nervous system.

Back 40

thyroxine
triiodothyronine

Front 41

This hormone stimulates glycogenolysis and brings about a rise in blood glucose

Back 41

glucagon

Front 42

This hormone stimulates bronchiole dilation.

Back 42

epinephrine
norepinephrine

Front 43

This hormone stimulates the production of aldosterone, brings about thirst and is a vasoconstrictor

Back 43

angiotensin II

Front 44

This hormone causes milk secretion during lactation.

Back 44

prolactin

Front 45

This is the hormone involved in Addison's disease.

Back 45

aldosterone

Front 46

This is the hormone involved in diabetes insipidus.

Back 46

ADH

Front 47

This hormone stimulates the production of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland.

Back 47

TSH=Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Front 48

This hormone increases blood calcium by increasing osteoclastic activity and causing reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys.

Back 48

parathyroid hormone

Front 49

This is the main absorptive hormone.

Back 49

insulin

Front 50

This hormone increases blood glucose levels and inhibits inflammation.

Back 50

cortisol

Front 51

This hormone stimulates red blood cell production.

Back 51

erythropoietin

Front 52

This hormone stimulates the production of T lymphocytes.

Back 52

thymosin

Front 53

These hormones mimic the effect of the sympathetic nervous system.

Back 53

epinephrine
norepinephrine

Front 54

This hormone is important in the development of the secondary sexual characteristics of men.

Back 54

testosterone

Front 55

These hormones stimulate bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) production in red blood cells.

Back 55

epinephrine
norepinephrine
testosterone

Front 56

This hormone causes the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts to become more permeable to water to produce a more concentrated urine.

Back 56

ADH

Front 57

This is the hormone involved in Graves disease.

Back 57

TSH

Front 58

This is the hormone involved in seasonal affective disorder.

Back 58

melatonin