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4 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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calculate the maintenance fluids for a 70 kg man (total given/day and hrly IV flow rate)
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100/50/20 rule
for first 10 kg of weight--> 100ml/kg*10kg=1000ml for next 10kg --> 50ml/kg*10kg= 500ml 20ml/kg for rest of kg--> 20ml/kg*50= 1000ml total = 2500ml/day total/hr=2500/24hrs = 104ml/hr |
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what are the causes of hypovolemia?
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-GI losses (vomit, gastric aspiration, diarrhea)
-lack of intake -3rd spacing (edema, effusion, bowel obstruction, crush #, soft tissue injury, burns) -insensible loss (sweating, hyperventilation, tracheostomy) -liver failure or nephrotic syndrome -trauma, open wounds, bleeding into soft tissues -polyuria (ie DKA) -sepsis, intra-abdominal and retroperitoneal inflamm process - |
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clinical features of hypovolemia
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-CNS changes (sleepiness, apathy, mental status changes, coma)
-CV findings (ortho hypotension, tachycardia, lower PCWP, CVP) -skin: poor turgor, mouth; dry mucous membranes, pale extremities, hypothermia -oliguria -ileus, weakness -acute renal failure (prerenal azotemia) , fractional excretion of sodium <1%) |
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what time of fluid would you give as maintenance fluid for hypovolemia
a) w/o bleed b) w/ bleed |
a) D51/2NS + 20mEq KCl/L
b) 1:3 ratio of cystalloid: blood |
