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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acidemia
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When the pH of arterial blood is less than 7.4 it is termed:
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Acidosis
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A systemic INCREASE in hydrogen ion concentration is termed:
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Aldosterone
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Hormonal regulation of sodium balance is mediated by this:
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Alkalemia
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When the pH of arterial blood is greater than 7.4 it is termed:
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Alkalosis
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A systemic DECREASE in hydrogen concentration is termed:
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Angiotensin I & II
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Angiotensin I is an inactive polypeptide, which is then converted into Angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), located in the lung, which stimulates the secretion of Aldosterone and also cause vasoconstriction.
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Baroreceptor
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Nerve endings which are sensitive to changes in volume and pressure.
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Buffering
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Occurs in response to changes in acid-base status.
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Chloride
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The major anion in the ECF (external cellular fluid), & provides electroneutrality, particularly in relation to sodium.
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Compensation
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Renal & respiratory adjustments to changes in pH are known as:
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Correction
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Occurs when the values for both components of the buffer pair (carbonic acid and bicarbonate) return to normal.
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Decreased urine formation
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Renal disease or decreased renal blood flow contributes to water excess.
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Dehydration
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Water deficit but is also commonly used to indicate both sodium loss and water loss.
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Dilutional hyponatremias
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Occur when the proportion of TBW to total body sodium is excessive.
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Edema
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The accumulation of fluid within interstitial spaces.
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Hyperchloremia
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Too much sodium or too little bicarbonate.
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Hyperkalemia
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Elevation of ECF potassium above 5.5mEq/L.
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Hypertonic hyponatremia
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Develops w/ hyperlipidemia, hyperprotieninemia, and hyperglycemia.
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Hypochloremia
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The result of hyponatremia or elevated bicarbonate concentration, as in metabolic alkalosis.
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Hypokalemia
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Potassium defiiency.Develops when pot. concentration falls below 3.5 mEq/L.
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Hyponatremia
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Sodium deficiency. Develops when sodium concentration falls below 135 mEq/L.
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Hypoosmolar hyponatremia
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When TBW exceeds the increase in sodium.
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Hypovolemia
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Pure sodium losses may be accompanied by loss of ECF, causing:
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