Fluids & Electrolytes

Front 1

Insensible fluid losses

Back 1

Fluid losses from the skin & lungs

Front 2

Sensible fluid losses

Back 2

Fluid losses from urination, defecation, wounds etc & can be measured

Front 3

List the 3 basic fluid compartments

Back 3

Intracellular & Extracellular (composed of Interstitial & Intravascular)

Front 4

Normal saline solution is considered ___tonic, because the concentration of Na in the solution nearly equals the concentration of Na in the blood.

Back 4

Isotonic

Front 5

A solution of dextrose 5% in normal saline solution is considered ___tonic, because the concentration of solutes in the solution is greater than the concentration of solutes in the blood.

Back 5

Hypertonic

Front 6

Half normal saline solution is considered ___tonic, because the concentration of Na in the solution is lower than the concentration of Na in the blood.

Back 6

Hypotonic

Front 7

If a hypotonic fluid is given to a patient, it may cause too much fluid to move from the ___ into the ___, causing ____.

Back 7

it may cause too much fluid to move from the veins to into the cells, causing the cells to swell.

Front 8

If a hypertonic solution is given to a patient, it may cause too much fluid to be pulled ___ cells into the ___, causing ___.

Back 8

it may cause too much fluid to be pulled from cells into the bloodstream, causing the cells to shrink.

Front 9

Diffusion

Back 9

solutes move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, which eventually results in an equal distribution of solutes within the two areas.

Front 10

Osmosis

Back 10

passive movement of fluid across a membrane from an area of lower solute concentration and comparatively more fluid into an area of higher solute concentration and comparatively less fluid.

Front 11

Capillary filtration

Back 11

Movement of fluids through capillaries

Front 12

Hydrostatic pressure

Back 12

blood pushes against the capillary walls causing pressure which forces fluid & solutes through capillary wall.

Front 13

Albumin

Back 13

A large protein molecule that remains behind when fluid filters through capillary walls. As it's concentration inside the capillary increases, it acts as a magnet to attract water back into the capillary.

Front 14

plasma colloid osmotic pressure

Back 14

the osmotic/pulling force of albumin in the intravascular space. Avg: 25mm Hg

Front 15

ADH

Back 15

Antidiurectic Hormone - produced by the hypothalamus & stored & released by the posterior pituitary gland