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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Symptoms of Fluid Volume Deficit
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Wt. Loss
Tenting Muscle Cramping hTH, Orthostatic hTN Tachycardia Decreased Urine output Dry mucous membranes Change in LOC |
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Symptoms of Fluid Volume Excess
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Edema, pitting
Weight Gain over 3lb (esp. CHF) Crackles in lung fields HTN JVD (jugular vein distension) Headache! |
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Hypothalmic & Pituitary Regulation of Fluids
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Thirst or stress stimulates the Hypothalamus, which produces ADH & stimulates the Posterior Pituitary to release ADH.
ADH acts on the Renal Tubules to return H2O to the system. *SIADH causes fluid overload |
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Fluid Spacing
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1 - Fluid where it should be.
2 - Fluid where it should be, but in excess (ex: edema) 3 - Fluid going where it does not usually go (ex: ascites, pulmonary edema, peritoneal cavity, surgery site) |
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Adrenal Gland (Cortex) Regulation of Fluids
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-Adrenal Cortex releases Glucocorticoid Cortisol to increase blood sugar levels in times of stress and stimulates thirst.
-Releases Mineralcorticoid Aldosterone to retain Na+ and water and excrete K+. |
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Renal Regulation of Fluids
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Renin is produced in response to decreased renal perfusion (low plasma volume). Renin converts to Angiotension 1, Angiotension II which vaso-constricts to send more blood to the kidneys, and stimulates the Adrenal Cortex to release Aldosterone, which retains Na+ & Water & excretes K+
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