Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
When is fluid therapy needed?
|
It is needed to correct dehydration, and to maintain hydration, fluid lines and renal function
|
|
|
What are the signs of intracellular dehydration?
|
Decreased skin turgor
Dry mucous membranes Sunken eyes |
|
|
What are the signs of hypovolemia?
|
Tachycardia, weak pulse, increased CRT, hypothermia, cool extremities, altered mentation and decreased urine production
|
|
|
What are the 5 levels of clinical evaluation of dehydration?
|
Non apparent dehydration - loss of less than 5% body weight
Mild dehydration - decreased skin elasticity, dry mucous membranes Moderate dehydration - small increse in CRT, further decrease in skin elasticity Severe dehydration - skin does not return, increase in CRT Shock |
|
|
What are the different types of fluids?
|
Crystalloids (lactated ringers, 0.9% NaCl)
Colloids (Dextran, hetastarch) Blood products (FFP, PRBC, FWB) |
|
|
When should you use crystalloids versus colloids?
|
Crytalloids are less expensive and the 1st choice in most patients
Colloids are used in emergencies or with hypoproteinemia |
|
|
When should you use lactated ringers?
|
always, except for:
Potatssium issues - shock, hypoadrenocorticism, urethral obstruction Lactate issues - lymphoma, liver disease pH issues - vomiting |
|
|
When should you use NaCl 0.9%?
|
Whenever LRS is not the first choice
|
|
|
When should you use hypotonic fluids?
|
in patients with sodium issues - hypernatremia, sodium retention
|
|
|
Why should you never bolus hypotonic fluids or 5% dextrose?
|
They can cause hemolysis
|
|
|
When should you use 5% dextrose?
|
Use in patients that have hypernatremia, glucose issues (diabetic ketoacidosis), when there is risk of hypoglycemia (endotoxemia, insulinoma) and liver disease
use it as a source of free water (not a good caloric source) You can add electrolytes to it for patients that dont have hypernatremia? |
