Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Sodium: Normal Value
|
135-145 mEq/L
|
|
|
Potassium: Normal Value
|
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
|
|
|
Mangnesium: Normal Value
|
1.5-2.5 mEq/L
|
|
|
Calcium: Normal Value
|
9-11 mEq/L
|
|
|
Phosphorus: Normal Value
|
2.5-4.5 mg/dl
|
|
|
Hyponatremia: Symptoms
|
Nuerological, cardiovascular, skin
|
|
|
Hyponatremia: Treatment
|
Fluid restriction, hypertonic saline IV
|
|
|
Hypernatremia: Symptoms
|
Neurological, cardiovascular
|
|
|
Hypernatremia: Treatment
|
Water replacement, sodium restriction
|
|
|
Hypokalemia: Symptoms
|
Muscular, decreased reflexes, neurological, GI, decreased bp, metabolic alkilosis, polyuria
|
|
|
Hypokalemia: Treatment
|
Oral/IV potassium, dietary intake (salt substitutes containing potassium, and foods)
|
|
|
Hyperkalermia: Symptoms
|
Cardiac, muscular, GI, CNS
|
|
|
Hyperkalemia: Treatment
|
Low potassium diet, diuretics, dialysis, Kayexalate, IV insulin, IV calcium gluconate
|
|
|
Hypomagnesemia: Symptoms
|
Cardiac, muscular, CNS
|
|
|
Hypomagnesemia: Treatment
|
Supplements (oral, IV, IM), diet
|
|
|
Hypermangesemia: Symptoms
|
Cardica, muscular, GI, CNS, respiratory
|
|
|
Hypermagnesemia: Treatment
|
Dialysis, increased fluids, IV calcium gluconate or calcium chloride (NO Mg based meds for renal pts)
|
|
|
Hypocalcemia: Symptoms
|
Muscular, CNS
|
|
|
Hypocalcemia: Treatment
|
Supplements (IV, oral), diet, vitamin D
|
|
|
Hypercalcemia: Symptoms
|
Cardiac, musculoskeletal, GI, CNS, renal
|
|
|
Hypercalcemia: Treatment
|
Hyrdation, loop diuretic, calcitonin, activity, dietary restriction
|
|
|
Hypophosphatemia: Symptoms
|
Hypoxia, bradycardia, confusion, seizures, respiratory failure
|
|
|
Hypophosphatemia: Treatment
|
Nutrition, oral supplements, IV replacement
|
|
|
Hyperphosphatemia: Symptoms
|
Muscular, CNS
|
|
|
Hyperphosphatemia: Treatment
|
Phosphate binders, calcium supplements, dairy restriction
|
|
|
Isotonic solution
|
No significant fluid shifts
|
|
|
Hypotonic solution
|
Leaves vasculature
|
|
|
Hypertonic solution
|
Into vasculature
|
|
|
Fluid overload: Symptoms
|
HTN, JVD, dyspnea, rales, cough
|
|
|
Fluid overload: Treatment
|
HOB high fowlers, decrease rate, notify Dr
|
|
|
Air embolism: S/S
|
Weak and rapid pulse, chest pain, SOB, cyanosis, decreased bp, anxiety
|
|
|
Air embolism: Treatment
|
Clamp IV, place on left side, Trendelenberg position, O2, notify Dr, monitor vitals
|
