Fluid And Electrolytes Exam 2 Bcc

Front 1

Transcellular

Back 1

fluid in other body compartments such as CSF, pleural fluid, aquious fluid, synovial fluid.

Front 2

ICF (Intra Cellular Fluid)

Back 2

40% within cells

Front 3

ECF (Extracellular Fluid)

Back 3

A. ISF (interstitial fluid=in between cells) 15%
B. IVF (intravascular fluid) 5%

Front 4

Composition of body fluids

Back 4

electroylyes/water, minerals, cells.

Front 5

Fluid spacing

Back 5

Normal spacing of ICF and ECF

Front 6

Second Spacing

Back 6

abnormal spacing of ISF. Edema

Front 7

Third spacing

Back 7

areas usually without fluid (ex. peritoneal fluid build up, burn victim).

Front 8

Diffusion

Back 8

fluid movement from a HIGHER concentration to a LOWER concentration

Front 9

Faciliated diffusion

Back 9

moving from a higher concentration to a lower concentration with the help of a carrier molecule. speeds up transport (albumin, glucose transports out). requires energy (in form of ATP). movement against a pressure gradiant (sodium/potassium pump)

Front 10

Osmosis

Back 10

water moving from lower (solute concentration) to Higher area (across a semipermable membrane)

Front 11

Osmotic Pressure

Back 11

the drawing power of water exerted by solute particles. The pressure forcing the solvent across the membrane.

Front 12

Osmolarity

Back 12

a measure of total solute concentration per/liter of solution

Front 13

Isotonic

Back 13

same osmolarity as blood plasma. Normal saline (0.9%) is isotonic and will only increase volume. LR do have electrolytes in it but it is also isotonic.

Front 14

Hypotonic

Back 14

moves H2O into cells. Less tonic

Front 15

Hypertonic

Back 15

moves H20 from cells (out of cells). High tonicity.

Front 16

Regulating on H2O balance

Back 16

1. Hypothalamus (has osmo receptors-detects fluid loss, activates thirst response, as we age receptors are not as accurate. 2. Fluid output 3. Hormones (ADH, Aldosterone) 4. Renal

Front 17

As Aldosteron conserves Na+___ is being lost

Back 17

K+ (postassium)

Front 18

When Lasix is given what is lost?

Back 18

Both Na+ and K+ are lost

Front 19

The post. Pituitary secretes___, H20 is reabsorbed by kidneys.

Back 19

ADH

Front 20

The Adrenal Cortex secretes___which regulates Na+ and K+

Back 20

Aldosterone

Front 21

Kidneys excretes___and reabsorb___

Back 21

K+ and H20 (H20 and Na+ follow one another)

Front 22

Fluid volume deficits are casued by?

Back 22

Hypovolumeia, vomiting/fever/diarrhea, drug excess (diuretics), GI suction, neurological dysfunction, endocrine dysfunction, third spacing (ascites, pleural effusion)

Front 23

Clinical manifestations of fluid volume deficits are?

Back 23

weight loss, thirst/fever, change in LOC, seizures, tachycardia, decreased urinary output, decreased CVP, and decreased cardiac output

Front 24

Other manifestations of fluid volume deficits are?

Back 24

poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, increased HCT, nausea/vomiting, hypotension, sycnope

Front 25

Interventions for fluid volume deficit are

Back 25

(basic nursing) clinical assessment, ID underlying cause and treat, restore fluid and electrolytes.

Front 26

Excess fluid volume causes

Back 26

hypervolemia, CHF/pulmonary edema, endocrine dysfunction, renal dysfunction, excess IV fluids, excess corticosterioids, chronic liver disease.

Front 27

Clinical manifestations of excess fluid volume

Back 27

weight gain, change in LOC (disorientation), dyspnea/cough/SOB, tachypenea, tachycardia, rales/crackles, increased CVP, neck vein distension, pitting edema (common cardiac etiology)

Front 28

Interventions of fluid volume excess

Back 28

ID underlying cause, fluid/Na+ restricktion, diuretics