Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Fluid Compartments
|
Compartments seperated by barriers:
Plasma membrane seperates ICF (Intercellular) and ECF (Extracellular) Blood vessel walls separate ECF into compartments 2/3 Intercellular 1/3 Extracellular |
|
|
Extracellular Fluids
|
80% Interstitial (between cells, lymph, CSF, synovial, eyes, ears
20% plasma |
|
|
Movement Between Compartments
|
Governed by osmotic and hydrostatic pressures
|
|
|
Influence on osmotic pressure
|
Electrolytes have more influence than nonelectrolytes
Dissolves ions like sodium anything with a possitive or negative charges |
|
|
Filtrate
|
Capillary hydrostatic pressure pushes filtrate out of capillaries;
capillary osmotic pressure draws fluid into capillaries |
|
|
Solute movement depends on
|
Size, charge, and if a transport protein is needed
This is why electrolytes have more influence on osmotic pressure |
|
|
Water moves freely between
|
ICF and ECF
|
|
|
Water gain and loss must
|
balance
|
|
|
Sources of water gain
|
Ingested Liquids
Ingested Foods Metabolic Activity |
|
|
Sources of Water loss
|
Kidneys - urine
Skin - sweat Lungs - exhaled |
|
|
Regulation of water gain
|
Thirst center of hypothalamus governs urge to drink
4 factors that stimulate -Osmoreceptors -Angiotensin II levels in blood -Dry mouth -Baroreceptors in heart and blood vessels |
|
|
Regulation of Water and Solute loss
|
4 Hormones regulate this
Angiotensin II and Aldosterone Increases reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ANP increases excretion of Na+ and Cl- (increases water loss) ADH Decreases water loss Body fluid volume determined mainly by urinary loss of NaCl Body fluid osmolality determined mainly by urinary water loss |
|
|
Functions of Electrolytes
|
Control osmosis of water between fluid compartments
Maintain acid-base balance Carry electrical current Act as cofactores for enzyme activity |
|
|
Intercellular fluid
|
Protein anions - about 3X more soluble proteins than in plasma
Potassium Hydrogen phosphate HPO4 2- Magnesium |
|
|
Extracellular Fluid
|
Proteins - more in plasma than in interstitial fluid
Sodium Chloride Bicarbinate |
|
|
Sodium
|
Fluid-Electrolyte balance, generation and conduction of APs (Action potentials)
|
|
|
Chloride
|
Balances anions and is part of gastric juice
|
|
|
Potassium
|
Establishes resting membrane potential and repolarization, pH of body fluids in exchange for H+
|
|
|
Bicarbonate
|
ECF anion important in acid-base balance
|
|
|
Calcium
|
Most abundant mineral; bones, teeth, clotting, neurotransmitters release, muscle tone
|
|
|
Phosphate
|
buffer of excess H+, attaches to ADP to form ATP
|
|
|
Magnesium
|
Intracellular cation, enzyme cofactor, neuromuscular activity, synaptic transmission, cardiac function
|
