Fluid And Electrolyte Balance

Front 1

____ is the most abundant body compound

Back 1

water

Front 2

body fluids:

Back 2

references to "average" body water volume based on healthy, nonobese, (154 lb.) male

Front 3

water is ___ % of body weight in males

Back 3

60

Front 4

water is ___ % of body weight in females

Back 4

50

Front 5

volume averages ___ L in 154 lb. male

Back 5

40

Front 6

variation in total body water is related to:

Back 6

total body weight of individual

Front 7

variation in total body water is related to:

Back 7

fat content of body - the more fat, the less water

Front 8

variation in total body water is related to:

Back 8

sex - female body about 10% less than male body

Front 9

female body is about ___ % less than male

Back 9

10

Front 10

the more ____, the less ____

Back 10

fat, water

Front 11

_____ _____ is low in water content

Back 11

adipose tissue

Front 12

in newborn infants, water may account for ____ % of total body weight

Back 12

80

Front 13

in elderly, water per pound of weight decreases

Back 13

muscle tissue, 65% water, is replaced by fat, which is 20% water

Front 14

muscle tissue is:

Back 14

65% water

Front 15

fat is:

Back 15

20% water

Front 16

there are ___ major fluid compartments

Back 16

2

Front 17

two major fluid compartments:

Back 17

extracellular and intracellular

Front 18

extracellular fluid:

Back 18

ECF

Front 19

extracellular fluid is called the _____ ______ of the body

Back 19

internal environment

Front 20

extracellular fluid _____ cells and _____ substances to and from them

Back 20

surrounds, transports

Front 21

intracellular fluid:

Back 21

ICF

Front 22

intracellular fluid:

Back 22

larger fluid compartment

Front 23

intracellular fluid is located ____ cells

Back 23

inside

Front 24

intracellular fluid serves as a:

Back 24

solvent to facilitate intracellular chemical reactions

Front 25

fluid output, mainly ____ ____, adjusts to fluid intake

Back 25

urine volume

Front 26

ADH:

Back 26

antidiuretic hormone

Front 27

ADH from ____ pituitary gland acts to increase kidney tubule reabsorption of _____ and water from tubular urine into blood

Back 27

posterior, sodium

Front 28

concentration of _____ (primarily sodium) in extracellular fluid influences volume of ______ fluid

Back 28

electrolytes, extracellular

Front 29

increase in _____ in the blood tends to _____ volume of blood

Back 29

sodium, increase

Front 30

increase in sodium in the blood tends to increase volume of blood by:

Back 30

increasing movement of water out of ICF and into the ECF

Front 31

increase in sodium in the blood tends to increase volume of blood by:

Back 31

increasing ADH secretion, which decreases urine volume, and this, in turn, increases ECF volume

Front 32

nonelectrolytes are _____ substances that do not break up or _____ when placed in water solution:

Back 32

organic, dissociate

Front 33

example of nonelectrolyte:

Back 33

glucose

Front 34

electrolytes are _____ that break up or _____ in water solution into separate particles called _____

Back 34

compounds, dissociate, ions

Front 35

example of electrolyte:

Back 35

ordinary table salt or sodium chloride

Front 36

ions are the _____ particles of an electrolyte that carry an ____ charge

Back 36

dissociated, electrical

Front 37

positively charged ions:

Back 37

potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+)

Front 38

negatively charged ions:

Back 38

chloride (Cl-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-)

Front 39

ions:

Back 39

electrolyte composition of blood plasma

Front 40

____ is the most abundant and important positively charged ion of plasma

Back 40

sodium

Front 41

normal plasma level:

Back 41

135-145 mEq/L

Front 42

average daily intake (diet):

Back 42

100 mEq

Front 43

chief method of regulation:

Back 43

kidney

Front 44

_____ increases Na reabsorption from kidney tubules

Back 44

aldosterone

Front 45

sodium:

Back 45

containing internal secretions

Front 46

_____ _____ _____ pushes water out of blood into interstitial fluid

Back 46

capillary blood pressure

Front 47

IF:

Back 47

interstitial fluid

Front 48

____ ____ ____ pulls water into blood from interstitial fluid

Back 48

blood protein concentration

Front 49

capillary blood pressure and blood protein concentration:

Back 49

regulate plasma and interstitial fluid volume under usual conditions

Front 50

Total volume of body fluids less than normal

Back 50

dehydration

Front 51

in dehydration _____ _____ ____ shrinks first; if treatment is not given, intracellular fluid volume and ____ ____ decrease

Back 51

interstitial fluid volume, plasma volume

Front 52

______ occurs when ____ ____ exceeds intake for an extended period

Back 52

dehydration, fluid output

Front 53

total volume of body fluids greater than normal

Back 53

overhydration

Front 54

_____ occurs when ____ ____ exceeds output

Back 54

overhydration, fluid intake

Front 55

factors that cause overhydration:

Back 55

giving excessive amounts of intravenous fluids

Front 56

factors that cause overhydration:

Back 56

giving intravenous fluids too rapidly