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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Starting the Engine [FLOW 1]
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1. master switch – ON
2. throttle – FORWARD (open) 3. propeller – FORWARD (high RPM) 4. mixture – FORWARD (rich) 5. electric aux. fuel pump – ON (both sides of the split rocker switch) 6. fuel flow meter – observe needle rise, then peak and stabilize 7. electric aux. fuel pump – OFF (both sides of the split rocker switch positively returned to the OFF position) 8. throttle – retard to idle stop, then crack open about 1⁄2” 9. ignition key – IN 10. starter switch – ENGAGE until engine starts (See limitations in the POH, sec. 4, p.7) 11. set RPM – initially no more than 1,000 12. oil pressure – green arc within 10 seconds 13. vacuum gauge – active 14. ammeter – indicating a charge rate 15. voltage warning light – OUT 16. low vacuum warning light – OUT 17. starter – confirm DISENGAGED (If there is no starter annunciator light, simply listen for the grinding sound of a hung starter and watch for a massive charge rate on the ammeter, which would indicate that the hung starter is acting as a generator.) 18. Run the AFTER STARTING checklist. |
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Taxi Instrument Check [FLOW 2]
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1. pitot-static instrument check
(This part of the check may be accomplished at any time before or during taxi, whether the airplane is in motion or not.) A. airspeed indicator – i. on zero ii. Note which scale (outer or inner) reads in knots. B. altimeter – i. First confirm that the altimeter is correctly set to the current ASOS, AWOS, ATIS, tower report etc. . (Vocally verify the setting.) ii. Then confirm that the altimeter reads within 75 feet of the field elevation. (Vocally verify the field elevation.) C. vertical speed indicator – on zero (If not, note the level reference.) 2. gyroscopic / magnetic instrument check (This part may only be accomplished while making a taxi turn.) A. attitude indicator – erect, with no more than 5 degrees of lean during a level taxi turn B. heading indicator – numbers increase on right turn / decrease on left turn C. magnetic compass – i. full of fluid ii. erect iii. numbers increase on right turn / decrease on left D. turn coordinator / inclinometer – i. Miniature airplane leans in direction of turn. ii. Ball moves to the outside of the turn. |
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When Cleared For Takeoff [FLOW 3]
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1. “Lights:” taxi, navigation, landing and strobe lights – ON
2. “Camera:” transponder – squawk code set and ALT selected 3. “Action:” flaps – 10 degrees for all takeoffs |
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Normal Takeoff [FLOW 4]
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1. Smoothly apply full power.
2. check manifold pressure – TAKEOFF POWER 3. check tachometer – TAKEOFF POWER 4. check engine instruments (CHT, oil temperature and oil pressure) – GREEN 5. airspeed indicator – active If any of the above items appears questionable, reject the takeoff (above). 6. VR (75 KIAS) – rotate 7. Smoothly pitch up for a VY (97 KIAS) climb.* |
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Rejected (Aborted) Takeoff:
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1. Close throttle.
2. Smoothly apply maximum braking. |
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Raising the Landing Gear [FLOW 5]
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1. Verify / vocalize: “Postitive rate of climb on two instruments.”
2. Verify / vocalize: “Clear of all obstacles.” 3. Verify / vocalize: “Out of usable runway.” 4. Lightly apply the brakes to stop the wheels from spinning. “Tap brakes.” 5. Select gear handle – UP and vocalize: “Gear in transit.” (Use those precise three words.) 6. Verify / vocalize: “Amber light – ON.” 7. Verify / vocalize: “Hydraulic power pack – OFF”* 8. flaps – ZERO |
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Climb [FLOW 6]
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1. taxi, landing and strobe lights – ON
2. amber light – ON 3. hydraulic power pack – OFF 4. throttle – retard to 25” MP 5. prop – reduce to 2,550 RPM 6. mixture – RICH 7. flaps – retracted 8. CHT – normal (Always check the CHT gauge before reaching for the cowl flap lever.) 9. cowl flaps – OPEN |
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Cruise [FLOW 7]
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1. taxi and landing lights – OFF
2. strobe lights – ON 3. amber light – ON 4. hydraulic power pack – OFF 5. throttle – 24” MP 6. prop – 2400 RPM 7. mixture – TO DO 8. flaps – UP 9. CHT – normal (Always check the CHT gauge before reaching for the cowl flap lever.) 10. cowl flaps – CLOSED 11. Run the CRUISE checklist. |
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In-Range [FLOW 8]
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1. taxi, landing and strobe lights – ON
2. landing gear – TO DO 3. throttle – 17” MP (This is an initial power setting only. See note 3 below.) 4. prop–TODO 5. mixture – RICH 6. flaps – A. Verify / vocalize: “Airspeed below 140.” B. extend to 10 degrees (first detent) 7. CHT – normal (Always check the CHT gauge before reaching for the cowl flap lever.) 8. cowl flaps – CLOSED 9. Run the IN-RANGE checklist. |
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TBGUMPS [FLOW 9]
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1. T – time (Start time at the final approach fix, if needed.)
2. B – brakes, tap (Check for equal resistance, pump them up.) 3. G – gas, on fuller tank (If not already on the fuller tank, switch.) 4. U – undercarriage: A. Vocalize: “Airspeed below 140.” B. Select gear handle – DOWN and vocalize: “Gear in transit.” (Use those precise three C. Verify / vocalize: “Green light – ON.” D. Verify / vocalize: “Hydraulic power pack – OFF.” E. Verify / vocalize: “One in the window.” 5. M – mixture, RICH 6. P – prop, FORWARD (Dial it in slowly and smoothly; do not jam it.) 7. S1 – seat belt and shoulder harness, SECURE S2 –switches(fortheexteriorlights),ON as needed |
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Normal Visual Final Approach [ FLIGHT PROCEDURE 1]
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␣␣below 105 KIAS, flaps – DOWN to 20 or 30 degrees, as desired
␣␣final approach / best glide speed – 85 KIAS ␣␣Touch down smoothly on the main wheels only first, in a nose-high attitude, without bouncing or ballooning, at the approximate stalling speed, on the runway centerline. |
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Cleaning Up the Airplane After a Full-Stop Landing [FLOW 10]
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1. “Lights:” taxi, landing and strobe lights – OFF (unless the taxi light is still required)
2. “Camera:” transponder – STANDBY 3. “Action I:” flaps – ZERO 4. “Action II:” cowl flaps – OPEN 5. Run the after landing checklist. |
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Short-Field Takeoff [FLIGHT PROCEDURE 2]
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1. Taxi to the very beginning of the available runway and hold the brakes.
2. Smoothly apply full power; hold elevator for a slightly nose high / tail low position – just aft of neutral 3. check manifold pressure – maximum available 4. check tachometer – 2850 RPM 5. check engine instruments (CHT, oil temperature and oil pressure) – GREEN (If any of the above items appears questionable, abort the takeoff.) 6. Release the brakes for maximum acceleration and confirm airspeed indicator – active. 7. VR (71 KIAS) – rotate smoothly but aggressively. 8. Pitch up smoothly but aggressively for a VX (75 KIAS) climb. 9. Wait until all obstacles are cleared. (Your instructor will let you know.) 10. Smoothly relax back pressure on yoke, allow the nose to smoothly fall to a VY (97 KIAS) climb attitude. 11. Execute the usual gear and flap retraction procedures. |
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Short-Field Approach and Landing [FLIGHT PROCEDURE 3]
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␣␣Perform the TBGUMPS flow earlier than usual to give the airplane extra time to slow down.
␣␣below 105 KIAS / inside the white arc: flaps – DOWN to 30 degrees ␣␣short field final approach speed – 71 KIAS (tolerance +5 / -0) ␣␣Aim for a visual touchdown point about 50-100 feet short of the runway threshold. ␣␣Touch down smoothly on the main wheels only first, in a nose-high attitude, without bouncing or ballooning, at the approximate stalling speed, on the runway centerline. ␣␣Smoothly pull the yoke back, using “up” elevator for maximum aerodynamic braking. ␣␣DO NOT apply the brakes until you can get the yoke all the way to the full-aft position and it hits the stop. There is a tendency to stomp on the brakes too soon during short-field landings, and this often leads to flat spots or blowouts. ␣␣Bring the airplane smoothly to a complete stop, remaining on the runway centerline until ready to exit the runway. |
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No-Flap Final Approach [FLIGHT PROCEDURE 4]
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␣␣Adjust pitch and trim to maintain a final approach speed of 90 knots. (This will require an unusually nose- high pitch attitude; be ready for an unfamiliar sight picture.)
␣␣Adjust throttle to control your descent rate to the runway. ␣␣Touch down smoothly on the main wheels only first, in a nose-high attitude, without bouncing or ballooning, at the approximate stalling speed, on the runway centerline. Be prepared for a longer, faster rollout and consciously refrain from using the brakes too early or too aggressively. |
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Touch and Go [FLOW 11]
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1. cowl flaps – OPEN
2. wing flap switch – to the zero detent, then to the ten-degree detent.* 3. mixture – RICH 4. prop – FORWARD 5. throttle – FULL |
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Fuel Management En Route [FLIGHT PROCEDURE 5]
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you can expect to be indicating a fuel burn of about 100 pounds per hour, which is about 17 gallons per hour
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DESCENT PLANNING [FLIGHT PROCEDURE 6]
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A. Take your altitude and cut it in half. Knock off the last two zeros. (Divide by 100.) That is the approximate number of miles out that you want to start your descent
B. For the actual descent procedure, leave the power at the cruise setting – 2,400 RPM and 24” MP – and then slowly, smoothly, gently and slightly lower the nose to ease into a 160-knot descent. This will eventually yield a stabilized descent rate of about 500 feet per minute. Adjust as needed C. steadily but gradually enrich the mixture to compensate for increasing atmospheric density. A rate of about 1⁄2 turn to 1⁄4 turn seems to work in most cases; plan it so that you are operating at nearly fully rich by the time you reach about 3,000 feet. And second, steadily and smoothly reduce throttle to maintain 24” MP. |
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Fuel Management [FLIGHT PROCEDURE 7]
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1. You must switch tanks in flight.
2. It is very highly recommended that you write down the time you take off and then write down the time again whenever you switch from one fuel tank to another. 3. CAUTION: If you run a fuel tank dry in flight, simply switching to the other tank may not cause the engine to restart. It may be necessary to run the electric auxiliary fuel boost pump for several seconds to restore power. See the engine failure procedure on page 68 for more. CAUTION: If the engine-driven fuel pump fails, the engine may stop developing power. Gravity cannot provide an adequate flow rate to keep the engine supplied with fuel, especially at higher power settings. Use of the electric auxiliary fuel boost pump may be necessary. Use the left / red / high side for higher power settings and the right / yellow / low side for lower power settings. The left / red / high side of the split rocker switch is spring-loaded to the OFF position in most of our 210s; it will automatically default to OFF when you release it. The right / yellow/ low side will remain ON until you turn it off. 3. |
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CRUISE DESCENT PROCEDURE:
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2,400 RPM / 24” MP –160 knots / 500 FPM.
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IN-RANGE DESCENT PROCEDURE:
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The airplane is already at 120 knots and in the correct configuration,
so initiate a descent by reducing power by 1-3” MP (as needed) and then pitch to maintain a constant 120 knots. |
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Steep Turns [FLOW 12]
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1. taxi, landing and strobe lights – ON
2. gear – up and locked (“amber light – ON, hydraulic power pack – OFF”) 3. throttle – retard to about 17” MP 4. prop – 2,400 RPM 5. mixture – RICH 6. flaps – UP 7. CHT – normal (Always check the CHT gauge before reaching for the cowl flap lever.) 8. cowl flaps – OPEN 9. airspeed – adjust for 110 |
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Slow Flight Clean [FLOW 13]
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1. taxi, landing and strobe lights – ON
2. gear – up and locked (“amber light – ON, hydraulic power pack – OFF”) 3. throttle – retard to about 17” MP 4. Dial the prop control all the way forward slowly and smoothly. 5. mixture – RICH 6. flaps – UP 7. CHT – normal (Always check the CHT gauge before reaching for the cowl flap lever.) 8. cowl flaps – OPEN |
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Transition From Slow Flight Clean to Slow Flight Dirty [FLOW 14]
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1. flaps – 10 degrees
2. gear – A. Vocalize: “Airspeed below 140. B. Select gear handle – DOWN and vocalize: “Gear in transit.” C. Verify / vocalize: “Green light – ON. D. Verify / vocalize: “Hydraulic power pack – OFF. E.Verify / vocalize: “One in the window. 3. flaps – A. Verify / vocalize: “Airspeed below 105. B. extend first to 20 and then all the way to 30 degrees Allow the airplane to smoothly slow down to 60 knots. |
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Entry to Slow Flight Dirty from Cruise [FLOW 15]
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1. taxi, landing and strobe lights – ON
2. gear A. Vocalize: “Airspeed below 140.” B. Select gear handle – DOWN and vocalize: “Gear in transit.” (Use those precise three C. Verify / vocalize: “Green light – ON.” D. Verify / vocalize: “Hydraulic power pack – OFF.” E. Verify / vocalize: “One in the window. 3. throttle – retard to about 17” MP 4. Dial the prop control all the way forward slowly and smoothly. 5. mixture – RICH 6. flaps A. Verify / vocalize: “Airspeed below 140.” B. extend to 10 degrees (first detent) C. Verify / vocalize: “Airspeed below 105.” D. extend first to 20 and then all the way to 30 degrees 7. CHT – normal (Always check the CHT gauge before reaching for the cowl flap lever.) 8. cowl flaps – OPEN |
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Approach to Power-Off (Landing Configuration) Stall [FLOW 16]
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1. taxi, landing and strobe lights – ON
2. gear A. Vocalize: “Airspeed below 140.” B. Select gear handle – DOWN and vocalize: “Gear in transit.” (Use those three words.) C. Verify / vocalize: “Green light – ON.” D. Verify / vocalize: “Hydraulic power pack – OFF.” E. Verify / vocalize: “One in the window. 3. throttle – retard to about 17” MP 4. Dial the prop control all the way forward slowly and smoothly. 5. mixture – RICH 6. flaps A. Verify / vocalize: “Airspeed below 140.” B. extend to 10 degrees (first detent) C. Verify / vocalize: “Airspeed below 105.” D. extend first to 20 and then all the way to 30 degrees 7. CHT – normal (Always check the CHT gauge before reaching for the cowl flap lever.) 8. cowl flaps – OPEN |
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Approach to Power-On (Takeoff Configuration) Stall [FLOW 17]
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1. taxi, landing and strobe lights – ON
2. gear A. Vocalize: “Airspeed below 140.” B. Select gear handle – DOWN and vocalize: “Gear in transit.” (Use those three words.) C. Verify / vocalize: “Green light – ON.” D. Verify / vocalize: “Hydraulic power pack – OFF.” E. Verify / vocalize: “One in the window. 3. throttle – 17” MP 4. Dial the prop control all the way forward slowly and smoothly. 5. mixture – RICH 6. flaps A. Verify / vocalize: “Airspeed below 140.” B. extend to 10 degrees (first detent) 7. CHT - normal (Always check the CHT gauge before reaching for the cowl flap lever.) 8. cowl flaps - OPEN |
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Power-Off Stall Recovery / Power-On Stall Recovery / Go Around [FLOW 18]
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1. Pitch for a level flight attitude. (The nose should initially be on the horizon, not above it or below it.)
2. Smoothly apply FULL power. (1 and 2 happen simultaneously!) 3. Immediately retract the flaps to the takeoff (ten-degree) position if they aren’t already there. 4. WAIT for a positive rate of climb to register on two instruments. 5. Select gear handle – UP and vocalize: “Gear in transit.” (Use those precise three words.) 6. Verify / vocalize: “Amber light – ON.” 7. Verify / vocalize: “Hydraulic power pack – OFF”* 8. Verify / vocalize: “Gear up and locked.” 9. flaps – ZERO 10. Pitch for a VY (97 KIAS) climb. 11. Pause for a moment, fly the airplane, consider heading and altitude, then perform the climb flow. |
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Engine Failure [FLOW 19]
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1. Immediately slow to 85 KIAS and trim for it. (See note 1 below.)
2. If in visual conditions, immediately turn towards the nearest suitable landing field. (If in instrument conditions (either actual or simulated in training), maintain heading until/unless given a new heading by ATC or until/unless you make the decision to descend in a direction that you deem safer – i.e., it will get you out of the clouds sooner or will enable you to glide towards lower or less hazardous terrain.) 3. fuel gauges – CHECK 4. engine instruments – CHECK (Items 3 and 4 will offer clues as to the reason for the loss of power.) 5. fuel selector valve – SWITCH TANKS (You will actually do this.) 6. mixture – RICH 7. prop – FORWARD 8. throttle – HALFWAY IN (Simulate this.) 9. mags – confirm on BOTH 10. electric aux. fuel pump – RUN and COUNT for seven seconds: “One one thousand, two one thousand” etc. and then OFF (Simulate this.) 11. master switch – verify ON (This is to ensure that you did not accidentally turn off the master switch instead of the electric auxiliary fuel boost pump.) 12. Run the ENGINE FAILURE checklist to back yourself up. Then, if the engine still does not restart: next flow |
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Engine Secure [FLOW 20]
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1. fuel selector valve – OFF (Simulate this.)
2. mixture – OUT (Simulate this.) 3. prop – OUT (Simulate this.) 4. mags – OFF (Simulate this.) 5. electric aux. fuel pump – OFF 6. master switch – TO DO 7. Run the FORCED LANDING checklist. |
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Engine Fire [FLOW 21]
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1. mixture – IDLE CUTOFF (Simulate this. Your instructor will then pull the throttle to idle.)
2. gear – DROP 3. flaps – 10 degrees 4. dive – MINIMUM 120 / MAXIMIM 140 (Target about 130.) 5. Run the ENGINE FIRE IN FLIGHT checklist. |
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Engine Secure [FLOW 20] (same as for the ENGINE FAILURE)
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1. fuel selector valve – OFF (Simulate this.)
2. mixture – OUT (Simulate this.) 3. prop – OUT (Simulate this.) 4. mags – OFF (Simulate this.) 5. electric aux. fuel pump – OFF 6. master switch – TO DO 7. Run the FORCED LANDING checklist. |
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Nose-low Unusual Attitude Recovery [FLOW 22]
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1. Smoothly reduce power to idle.
2. Smoothly level the wings. 3. Smoothly raise the nose to the level flight attitude. |
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Nose-high Unusual Attitude Recovery [FLOW 23]
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1. Smoothly increase power to full
2. Smoothly level the wings 3. Smoothly lower the nose to the level flight attitude. |
