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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What order are fleas in?
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Order Siphonaptera
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Roughly how many species are in the order?
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roughly 2,000
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About how many families?
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about 14 families
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Where can these creatures be found?
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they are found in all continents
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Fill in the blank:
They are a common __________ species. |
periodomestic
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Pulex irritans is also known as what?
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"the human flea"
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Ctenocephalides felis is also know as?
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"the cat flea"
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What is the genus of the human flea?
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Pulex irritans
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What is the genus of the cat flea?
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Ctenocephalides felis
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The flea is:
a. endoparasitic b. ectoparasitic c. dermoparasitic d.hypoparasitic |
ectoparasitic
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What morphological feature gives the flea the ability to swiftly weave through strands of hair?
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becuase the flea is laterally compressed.
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Does the flea have antennae
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Yes
How are they positioned? |
They are positioned in groves.
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Fill in the blank
They have many ___________ and _______. |
spines and combs
How are they directed? |
backwardly
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Fill in the blank:
They are powerful _________. |
They are powerful jumpers
especially what types of fleas |
Especially large animal fleas.
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What type of life cycle does a flea have?
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Holometabolous
Meaning ...... |
it consists of four stages
1. embryo 2. larva 3. pupa 4. adult |
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Do they resemble the life history of moths?
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Yes
How so? |
They also have a caterpillar stage.
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Who lays the eggs?
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The Adult female
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Are the eggs laid freely or attached.
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free in that they are not attached to the hair of the host nor to debris
Where are they usually laid? |
Usually, eggs are laid in nesting sites or areas frequented by the host
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When the egg hatches and releases the flea, at what stage (morphological) does the flea emerge?
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hatch into first instar larva
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What is the morphology of the larvae stage?
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Free living caterpillars
Describe their: 1. physical state 2. habitat 3. food |
1. long hairs, chewing mouth parts
2. live in nest 3. host debris: -Hair -skin partcles -dried blood -fecal material. |
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5 larval moths
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invertebrate host of parasites diphylidium
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read info....
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Where can you find the flea during the pupa stage?
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in a silken cocoon.
it emerges from the cocoon after how many molts? |
3 molts
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Fill in the blank:
Adults may remain _________ if conditions are unfavorable. |
pharate
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What are the 3-adult habits
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1. free living
2. Permanently on host 3. in nest |
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In what parts of the host can the fleas be found?
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Cutaneously
and Subcutaneously |
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An example of Cutaneous?
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Echidnophage
the stick tight flea. |
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An example of subcutaneous?
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Tunga
the chigoe flea |
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Host association:
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Highly/rarely host specific
Usually/rarely facultatively host specific |
Highly
rarely |
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highly host specific:
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highly specialized
most species are highly host specific some host share of taxa due to __________. |
Some host share of taxa due to ecological overlap
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rarely facultatively host specific:
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Peridomestic species ____________, which are cat and dog fleas
Stressed rodent fleas _______ _____. |
Ctenocephalides
Xenopsylla cheopis |
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Fleas have a _____________ life history.
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peridomestic
What two fleas are we talking about? |
1. Ctenocephalides felis - "the cat flea"
2. Pules irritans - "the human flea" |
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The flea bite:
1. Causes ______ and _________. |
irritation and bite allergy
The irritation and bite allergy is caused by what? |
salivary products
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Arthropods have what type of skeleton
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Exoskeleton
2-characteristics are: |
1. jointed appendages
2. body condensed into 1, 2, or 3 regions |
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Do arthropods molt?
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Yes
For what 2- reasons? |
1. growth
2. changes in life style |
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The exoskeleton is mainly made up of what?
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Chitin
- a polysaccharide of carbohydrates and protein What is the subunit of chitin? |
N-acetyl-d-glucose
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Protein linking:
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A high number of protein links yields a Soft/hard exoskeleton?
A low number of protein links yields a Soft/hard exoskeleton? |
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What is resilin?
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An elastic rubber like protein found in the exoskeletons of arthropods.
Function |
provides elasticity for jumping insects (as found in fleas).
Its elastic efficiency ensures performance over the insect's lifetime. |
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Define Ametabolism.
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Ametabolism is a type of growth or life cycle in which there is slight or no metamorphosis.
Give example: |
Silver fish - Thysanura
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Characteristics of Ametabolism.
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1. Sub adult stages resemble adult
2. Several molts to adult 3. All stages similar ecology 4. Gradual (direct) |
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Define Heminetabolous.
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Heminetabolous is a type of growth or life cycle that Includes three distinct stages:
a. the egg b. the nymph c. adult stage (imago) Example: |
Kissing bug
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Characteristics of Heminetabolous:
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1. Egg hatches to sub adult
2. Several sub adult molts 3. Sub adult to adult molt (major structural changes) 4. All stages similar to ecology and behavior Complete or incomplete? |
Incomplete (indirect)
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Define Holometabolous
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A type of growth of life cycle, which includes four life stages:
a. embryo b. larva c. pupa d. adult (imago) Complete (indirect) or incomplete (direct)? |
Complete (indirect)
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Characteristics of Holometabolous
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1. The egg hatches into a larva
**there are several larval stages 3. Pupa resting-conversion stage 4. Molts into adult Fill in the blank: Sub adult and adult stages vastly differ/resemble in ___________. Example: |
differ in ecology
Mosquitoes |
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Crustacea:
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1. Direct: fish lice
Stages? 2. Indirect: copepods |
Fish lice:
a. egg hatches b. sub adult stages resemble adult c. several molts to adult. |
