Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What type of symmetry does Flaviviridae have?
|
Icosahedral
|
|
|
What type of nucleic acid does Flaviviridae have?
|
+ssRNA
|
|
|
Does Flaviviridae have an envelope?
|
Yes
|
|
|
What are the 2 important genuses of Flaviviridae?
|
Falvivirus
Pestivirus |
|
|
What is the important species of Flavivirus?
|
West Nile Virus - Horses, birds
|
|
|
What are the important species of Pestivirus?
|
Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1,2 - Ox
Border disease virus - sheep Classical swine fever virus - Pig |
|
|
What disease process does West Nile Virus cause and what species does it affect?
|
encephalitis - main species
birds, horses, humans, reptiles |
|
|
What is important about the cycle of replication of West Nile Virus?
|
Mosquito-bird cycle
Some birds are reservoirs and don't get sick Other animals are dead-end hosts |
|
|
What pathological changes are associated with west nile virus in birds?
|
Cerebral and cerebellar hemorrhage
myocardial necrosis splenomegaly entercolitis |
|
|
What pathological changes are associated with west nile virus in horses?
|
hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis - brainstem/spinal cord
often subclinical |
|
|
When should WNV be a differential, with what symptoms?
|
neuro and cardiac signs
|
|
|
What are the clinical signs of WNV in the horse?
|
Fever
Nonspecific CNS signs: ataxia, weakness, muscle fasciculations, behavior changes, recumbency, death |
|
|
What are the common Ddx for WNV in horses?
|
EEEV
WEEEV EHV-1 RABV EPM |
|
|
How is WNV diagnosed?
|
IGM capture Elisa - serum CSF
PCR - horse brain, bird heart, liver, or brain HI difficult to grown in tissue culture |
|
|
How is WNV controlled?
|
vaccination
mosquito control |
|
|
How many types of BVDV are there?
|
2 biotypes: cytopathic and noncytopathic
2 genotypes: type 1 and type 2 |
|
|
What are the 4 clinical presentations of BVDV?
|
1. Acute BVDV infection
2. Reproductive disorders and congenital defects 3. Mucosal disease 4. Severe acute BVDV, hemorrhagic disease |
|
|
What are the signs of acute BVDV infections?
|
mild disease
part of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex Fever Leukopenia +/- diarrhea Includes noncytopathic (most) and cytopathic viruses |
|
|
What are the signs of reproductive/congenital BVDV?
|
Abortions
Cerebellar hypoplasia blindness persistent infections Outcome depends on time of in utero infection |
|
|
What are the signs of mucosal BVDV?
|
severe disease in persistently infected cattle
erosions/ulcerations of GI tract diarrhea Lymphopenia Both noncytopahtic and cytopathic virus acute/chronic mucosal disease |
|
|
What are the signs of severe acute BVDV/hemorrhagic disease?
|
Type 2 BVDV
noncytopathic (most) and cytopathic |
|
|
What type of congenital defects are seen with BVDV?
|
result of viral effecct or immune response
Cerebellar hypoplasia retinal degeneration/hypoplasia optic neuritis cataracts skeletal malformations hypotrichosis growth retardation |
|
|
What happens with persistent shedding of BVDV?
|
in utero infection
continually shed virus but may appear normal No Ab response to homologous virus PI dams produce PI calves |
|
|
How is BVDV diagnosed?
|
Virus isolation
ELISA Ag capture (serum or ear notch) PCR (lymph tissue, blood, pooled milk, pooled or single ear notch) SN types 1, 2 (serum) |
|
|
How is BVDV controlled?
|
removal of PI animals
vaccination - may not prevent in utero infections |
|
|
What are the alternate names for Border disease virus?
|
Border disease
Hairy Shaker disease |
|
|
What other virus is Border disease virus similar too?
|
BVDV
|
|
|
What are the clinical signs of Border disease virus?
|
Persistent infections - in utero 70-90 days
Weak lambs abnormal hair coat muscle tremors - decreased myelination Abortions, stillbirths, congential anomalies subclinical infection in healthy adults rare mucosal disease-like syndrome with CP and NCP virus pairs |
|
|
What is the alternate name for Classical Swine Fever Virus?
*REPORTABLE!* |
Hog Cholera
|
|
|
What are the clinical signs of Classical Swine Fever Virus?
|
fever
leukopenia vomitting diarrhea vasculitis widespread hemorrhage secondary viremia with disseminated infection |
|
|
Where does Classical Swine Fever Virus replicate?
|
tonsils
lymph nodes |
|
|
How is Classical Swine Fever transmitted?
|
Secretions, excretions, semen, blood
Transplacental infections result in persistent infections |
|
|
What are the Ddx for Classical Swine Fever Virus?
|
African swine fever
Salmonellosis Erysipelas BVD |
|
|
How is Classical Swine Fever Virus controlled?
|
slaughter of affected pigs
burial/incineration of carcasses vaccination - not in US |
