Flashcards For History Lesson 15 & 16

Front 1

.
The era of high tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union that came about because of philosophical differences, World War II conflicts, and efforts by the Soviet Union to expand after the war was called the ___________.

Back 1

cold war

Front 2

The Soviets saw the U.S. development of the ____________ as a threat and soon began to develop one of their own.

Back 2

atomic bomb

Front 3

At the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences during World War II, the Soviet Union promised to hold _________ elections in Soviet-occupied lands.

Back 3

FREE

Front 4

During the late 1940s, the United States adopted a policy of ____________ to deal with the Soviet threat.

Back 4

CONTAINMENT

Front 5

The _________________ stated that the United States would support countries that were resisting takeover or control by a Communist government.

Back 5

TRUMAN DOCTRINE

Front 6

Under the _______________ , the United States sponsored a financial aid program to rebuild the economies of European countries in order to create stable conditions for democratic governments.

Back 6

MARSHALL PLAN

Front 7

.
When the Soviet Union attempted to cut off food and supplies to the western part of _________ , the United States responded by flying in tons of supplies every day for almost a year.

Back 7

BERLIN

Front 8

Some economic experts worried that the United States would experience serious economic trouble after World War II as veterans came home wanting jobs and factories no longer needed to crank out military supplies.

Back 8

TRUE

Front 9

The GI Bill helped millions of World War II veterans earn college degrees

Back 9

TRUE

Front 10

President Truman issued Executive Order 9981, which ended segregation in the U.S. armed forces.

Back 10

TRUE

Front 11

After the 1948 election, Truman implemented his own plan for the country, the Fair Deal, which included a federal health insurance program and new funding for education.

Back 11

TRUE

Front 12

The International Monetary Fund is an organization that gives loans and advice to countries for the purpose of reducing poverty.

true

Back 12

FALSE

Front 13

The United Nations and the World Bank are examples of programs born out of the desire to understand and prevent the causes of war.

Back 13

TRUE

Front 14

Which of the following was not an event that added to the postwar anxieties of the United States?
news that the Soviet Union possessed an atomic weapon
the formation of NATO
news that Communists gained control of China
the crisis in Berlin

Back 14

the formation of NATO

Front 15

The most famous investigation by the House Un-American Activities Committee explored possible Communist influences in the American

Senate.
press.
film industry.
university system.

Back 15

film industry.

Front 16

Which of the following was not a major spy case uncovered during the late 1940s and early 1950s?

the Hollywood Ten case
the Alger Hiss case
the Ethel and Julius Rosenberg case
the Klaus Fuchs case

Back 16

the Hollywood Ten case

Front 17

Which of the following acts or Supreme Court cases is not correctly paired with its significance?

The Smith Act—made it a crime to call for the overthrow of the U.S. government
The McCarran Act—required Communist organizations to register with the government and prevented Communists and other radicals from entering the United States
Dennis v. United States—upheld the Smith Act and justified limits on the free speech of Communists
Yates v. United States—upheld court rulings that outlawed talk about overthrowing the government

Back 17

Yates v. United States—upheld court rulings that outlawed talk about overthrowing the government

Front 18

What U.S. senator was made famous through his sensationalized hunt to root out Communists in the United States?

Back 18

Joseph McCarthy

Front 19

What World War II conference divided Korea into northern and southern parts along the 38th parallel?
Potsdam Conference
Paris Peace Talks
Yalta Conference
Normandy Conference

Back 19

Yalta Conference

Front 20

Which of the following fact pairs is not correctly matched?

South Korea—led by president Syngman Rhee
South Korea—Americans put temporarily in charge
North Korea—government headed by Communist Kim Il Sung
North Korea—the Republic of Korea

Back 20

North Korea—the Republic of Korea

Front 21

Who started the Korean War?

the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
the United States
the Republic of Korea
the Soviet Union

Back 21

The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

Front 22

Which of the following statements about the Korean War is not true?

*The invasion at Inchon was a key victory for UN forces in Korea.
*China sent troops to support North Korea.
*General MacArthur recommended stopping his advance at the 38th parallel to avoid a larger war with China or with the Soviet Union.
*President Truman’s decision to fire General MacArthur outraged many Americans.

Back 22

General MacArthur recommended stopping his advance at the 38th parallel to avoid a larger war with China or with the Soviet Union

Front 23

What issue kept the peace negotiations from ending the Korean War?
*what country would control North Korea
*the location of the boundary between North and South Korea
*what country would control South Korea
*who would pay for the damage caused by the war

Back 23

The location of the boundary between North and South Korea

Front 24

Which country sided with North Korean during the Korean War?

Back 24

China

Front 25

The massive plan American effort to help Europe rebuild after WW2 was known as?

Back 25

Marshall Plan

Front 26

ACCORDING TO the WINSTON CHURCHILL, what descended across Europe after WW2?

Back 26

Iron Curtain

Front 27

The policy of providing economic aid to nations resisting Soviet control became known as________?

Back 27

Truman Doctrine

Front 28

WHat were some of the causes of the COLD WAR?

Back 28

making of the atomic bond
American fear of communism
American lack of participation when Soviet was being attacked by Germany.

Front 29

United States and six other nations joined the originl other five to make a new military alliance- what is it called?

Back 29

NATO

Front 30

What does NATO stand for?

Back 30

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Front 31

What were the countries that joined together in NATO?

Back 31

Canada, Denmark, Iceland, Italy, Norway, Portugal, America, Belgium, France, United Kingdom, Luxembourg, Netherlands, and later Greece, Turkey and Newly created West Germany

Front 32

Why was the Fair deal not successful?

Back 32

Congress sis not support Trumans program

Front 33

Why did it seem like so many people didnt like Truman as the presidential election time came in 1948?

Back 33

He was not a favored president because of his beliefs in civil rights, and he was blamed for the increase of inflation or rise in prices after the war.

Front 34

What is Warsaw Pact?

Back 34

A military alliance established in 1955 of the Soviet dominated countries of Eastern Europe

Front 35

Who is Joseph Stalin

Back 35

Soviet leader, AKA Uncle JoeJoseph Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili – 18 December 1878[1] – 5 March 1953) was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee from 1922 until his death in 1953. In the years following Lenin's death in 1924, he rose to become the leader of the Soviet Union.

Front 36

Who is Nikita Krushchev

Back 36

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (Russian: Никита Сергеевич Хрущёв, Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchyov) (15 April 1894 – 11 September 1971) was a leader of the Soviet Union, serving as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, following the death of Joseph Stalin, and Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev was responsible for the partial de-Stalinization of the USSR, as well as several relatively liberal reforms ranging from agriculture to foreign policy. Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from power in 1964, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev.

Front 37

Who were in the presidential election of 1948- candidates?

Back 37

The United States presidential election of 1948 is considered by most historians as the greatest election upset in American history. Virtually every prediction (with or without public opinion polls) indicated that incumbent President Harry S. Truman would be defeated by Republican Thomas E. Dewey. Truman won, overcoming a three-way split in his own party. Truman's surprise victory was the fifth consecutive win for the Democratic Party in a presidential election. Truman's election confirmed the Democratic Party's status as the nation's majority party, a status they would retain until 1968.

Front 38

WHat was the Berlin Airlift?

Back 38

In response, the Western Allies formed the Berlin Airlift to bring supplies to the people of Berlin. The airlift to supply the German 6th Army at Stalingrad required 300 tons of food per day and rarely came even close to delivering this; the Berlin effort would require at least 4,000 tons a day, well over fifteen times as much. In spite of this, by the spring of 1949 the effort was clearly succeeding, and by April the airlift was delivering more cargo than had previously flowed into the city via rail.

Front 39

Define HUAC

Back 39

House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC or HCUA,[1] 1934–1975) was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. In 1969, the House changed the committee's name to "House Committee on Internal Security". When the House abolished the committee in 1975,[2] its functions were transferred to the House Judiciary Committee.

Front 40

Who is Joseph McCarthy

Back 40

(November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) was an American politician who served as a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957.He was noted for making claims that there were large numbers of Communists and Soviet spies and sympathizers inside the federal government and elsewhere.

Front 41

What is the RED SCARE?

Back 41

The term Red Scare has been retroactively applied to two distinct periods of strong anti-Communism in United States history: first from 1917 to 1920, and second from the late 1940s through the late 1950s. These periods were characterized by heightened suspicion of Communists and radicals,

Front 42

McCarthyism

Back 42

McCarthyism is the politically motivated practice of making accusations of disloyalty, subversion, or treason without proper regard for evidence. The term specifically describes activities associated with the period in the United States known as the Second Red Scare, lasting roughly from the late 1940s to the late 1950s and characterized by heightened fears of Communist influence on American institutions and espionage by Soviet agents

Front 43

McCarren Act

Back 43

It was a key institution in the era of the Cold War, tightening alien exclusion and deportation laws and allowing for the detention of dangerous, disloyal, or subversive persons in times of war or "internal security emergency".

Front 44

NASA

Back 44

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, pronounced /ˈnæsə/) is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program. NASA was established on July 29, 1958, by the National Aeronautics and Space Act.[3]

Front 45

An organization made up of the United States and its anti-Communist allies to resist Communist aggression

Back 45

SEATO

Front 46

The diplomatic art of going to the brink of war without actually getting into a war

Back 46

Brinkmanship

Front 47

A military alliance with the Soviet-dominated countries of Eastern Europe

Back 47

Warsaw Pact

Front 48

The end of French colonial rule in this country sparked U.S. fears of Communist expansion

Back 48

Vietnam

Front 49

Pledge that the United States would use overwhelming force against the Soviet Union, including nuclear weapons, to settle a serious conflict

Back 49

massive retaliation

Front 50

Declared the right of the United States to help any nation in the Middle East trying to resist armed Communist aggression

Back 50

Eisenhower Doctrine

Front 51

Leader who came to power in the Soviet Union after Stalin died

Back 51

Nikita Khrushchev

Front 52

Secretary of state who wanted to roll back Communism instead of merely containing it

Back 52

John Foster Dulles

Front 53

1.
The growing power of nuclear weapons helped create significant anxiety in the American public in the 1950s.

true/false

Back 53

true

Front 54

Hydrogen bombs get their power from splitting apart atoms.

Back 54

False

Front 55

The United States and Soviet Union were in an arms race—an international contest between countries seeking a military advantage over each othe

Back 55

True

Front 56

Nuclear weapons development led to the policy of brinkmanship.

Back 56

True

Front 57

Which of the following was not changed by the introduction of television?
politics
advertising
discrimination
entertainment

Back 57

Discrimination

Front 58

Which of the following categories of programming did not get its start during the 1950s?

soap operas
cartoons
crime dramas
game shows

Back 58

cartoons?

Front 59

Which of the following was not a technological development that transformed American life during the 1950?
the polio vaccine
computers
transistors
CD-ROMs

Back 59

CDROM

Front 60

Who discovered the vaccine for polio?

Milton Berle
Jonas Salk
Marie Curie
Albert Einstein

Back 60

Jonas Salk

Front 61

Which of the following facts about the economy during the 1950s is not correct?
Employment was high.
Wages rose steadily.
John Kenneth Galbraith called America in the postwar years the “affluent society.”
The United States was second only to Great Britain as the world’s greatest economic power.

Back 61

The United States was second only to Great Britain as the world’s greatest economic power.

Front 62

Which of the following fact pairs is not correctly matched?
South Korea—led by president Syngman Rhee
South Korea—Americans put temporarily in charge
North Korea—government headed by Communist Kim Il Sung
North Korea—the Republic of Korea

Back 62

North Korea—the Republic of Korea

Front 63

Who started the Korean War?

Back 63

The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

Front 64

What is GATT?

Back 64

he General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (typically abbreviated GATT) was the outcome of the failure of negotiating governments to create the International Trade Organization (ITO). GATT was formed in 1947 and lasted until 1994, when it was replaced by the World Trade Organization.

Front 65

Define the United Nations?

Back 65

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights and achieving world peace. The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, to stop wars between countries and to provide a platform for dialogue.

Front 66

WHat is the Taft-Hartley Act?

Back 66

The Labor–Management Relations Act, informally the Taft–Hartley Act, is a United States federal law greatly restricting the activities and power of labor unions.

Front 67

Define Armistice?

Back 67

An armistice is a situation in a war where the warring parties agree to stop fighting. It is not necessarily the end of a war, but may be just a cessation of hostilities while an attempt is made to negotiate a lasting peace.

Front 68

The _________ is north circle of latitude that is 38 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It has been especially important in the recent history of Korea.

Back 68

38th parallel

Front 69

What was Eisenhower role in armistice in the Korean war

Back 69

Approved May 13, 1938, made the 11th of November in each year a legal holiday - - a day to be dedicated to the cause of world peace and to be thereafter celebrated and known as "Armistice Day." Eisenhower changed aka Armistice day to Veterans Day

Front 70

The organization that strengthen the military defense of the Western Eurpoeans was known as?

Back 70

NATO

Front 71

The Cold War was known as ____________ ?

Back 71

The war of words

Front 72

WHo was the author of the US Cold War containment policy?

Back 72

George Kennan

Front 73

WHat does the Korean war refers to what period?

Back 73

The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korea (officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea) and South Korea (officially the Republic of Korea) regimes, with major hostilities lasting from June 25, 1950 until the armistice signed on July 27, 1953.

Front 74

Soon after World War II, every nation in Eastern Europe except for _____________ was under the direct control of Stalin and the Soviet Union.

Back 74

Yugoslavia