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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chemical bond |
a bond that forms when atoms transfer or share electrons. |
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Covalent bond |
a chemical bond formed by atoms that are sharing one or more electrons. |
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Chemical formula |
a representation of a compound that includes the symbols and ratios of each atom in the compound. |
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Ion |
an atom that has an electric charge other than zero. |
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Ionic bond |
a bond that transfers one or more electrons from one atom to another. |
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Valence electrons |
the electrons in the highest unfilled energy level of an atom |
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Lewis dot diagram |
a method for representing an atom's valence electrons using dots around the element symbol. |
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Oxidation number |
a quantity that indicates the charge on an atom when it gains loses or shares electrons. |
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Binary compound |
a compound that consists of 2 elements |
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Polyatomic ion |
an ion that contains more than 1 atom |
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Organic chemistry |
a branch of chemistry that specializes in the study of carbon compounds |
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polymer |
a compound composed of long chains of smaller molecules |
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carbohydrates |
a group of energy rich compounds made of carbon hydrogen and oxygen |
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lipids |
a group of energy rich compound including fats waxes and oils |
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saturated fat |
a fat in which carbon atoms are surrounded by as many hydrogen atoms as possible |
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unsaturated fat |
a fat that has fewer hydrogen atoms |
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proteins |
a group of large molecules made of carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen and sometimes sulfur |
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enzyme |
a protein that speeds up chemical reactions |
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amino acids |
building blocks in proteins |
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nucleic acids |
compounds made of long repeating chains of smaller molecules |
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what is organic chemistry about? |
carbon |
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a Lewis dot diagram is about what? |
valence electrons |
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what charge does a compound have? |
zero |
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How many valence electrons do halogens have? |
7 |
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How many valence electrons do alkali metals have? |
1 |
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How many valence electrons does the second group have? |
2 |
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How many valence electrons does the thirteenth group have? |
3 |
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How many valence electrons does group 14 have? |
4 |
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How many valence electrons does group 15 have? |
5 |
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How many valence electrons does group 16 have? |
6 |
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what are the strongest electron donors |
alkali metals |
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what are the weakest electron donors
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noble gases
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what is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds
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ionic bonds are not limited to a single pair of atoms
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how many lewis dots does carbon have
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4
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how many lewis dots does hydrogen have
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1
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