Fitness For Living Test Ii Set Ii

Front 1

strength training

Back 1

a program designed to improve muscular strength and/or endurance through a seires of resistance (weight) training exercises that overload the muscular system and cause physiological development

Front 2

activities of daily living

Back 2

everyday behaviors that peopel normally do to function in life (cross the street, carry groceries, etc.)

Front 3

sarcopenia

Back 3

age-related loss of lean body mass, strength, and function

Front 4

metabolism

Back 4

all energy and material transformations that occur within living cells; necessary to sustain life

Front 5

hypertrophy

Back 5

an increase in the size of the cell, as in muscle hypertrophy

Front 6

resting metabolism

Back 6

amount of energy (expressed in milliliters of oxygen per minute or total calories per day) an individual requires during resting conditions to sustain proper body function

Front 7

anabolic steroids

Back 7

synthetic versions of the male sex hormone testosterone, which promotes muscle development and hypertrophy

Front 8

muscular strength

Back 8

the ability of a muscle to exert max force against resisteance (for ex., 1 repetition maximum [or 1 RM] of the bench press exercise)

Front 9

muscular endurance

Back 9

the ability of a muscle to exert submaximal force repeatedly over time

Front 10

one repetition maximum (1 RM)

Back 10

the max amt of resistancean individual is able to lift in a single effort

Front 11

atrophy

Back 11

decrease in the size of a cell

Front 12

motor neurons

Back 12

nerves connecting the central nervous system to the muscle

Front 13

motor unit

Back 13

the combo of a motor neuron and th emuscle fibers that neuron innervates

Front 14

slow-twitch fibers

Back 14

muscle fibers with greater aerobic potential and slow speed of contraction

Front 15

fast-twitch fibers

Back 15

muscle fibers with greater anaerobic potential and fast speed of contraction

Front 16

overload principle

Back 16

training concept that the demands placed on a system (cardiorespiratory or muscular) must be increased systematically and progressively over time to cause physiological adaptation (development or improvement)

Front 17

specificity of training

Back 17

principle that training must be done with the specific muscle the person is attempting to improve

Front 18

specific adaptation to imposed demand (SAID) training

Back 18

training principle stating that, for improvements to occur in a specific activity, the exercises performed during a strength-training program should resemble as closely as possible the movement patterns encountered in that particular activity

Front 19

isometric training

Back 19

strength-training method referring to a muscle contraction that produces little or no movement, such as pushing or pulling against an immovable object

Front 20

range of motion

Back 20

entire arc of movement of a given joint

Front 21

dynamic training

Back 21

strength-training method referring to a muscle contraction with movement

Front 22

concentric

Back 22

shortening of a muscle during muscle contraction

Front 23

positive resistance

Back 23

the lifting, pushing, or concentric phase of a repetition during strength-training exercise

Front 24

eccentric

Back 24

lengthening of a muscle during muscle contraction

Front 25

negative resistance

Back 25

the lowering or eccentric phase of a repetition during a strength-training exercise

Front 26

fixed resistance

Back 26

type of exercise in which a constant resistance is moved through a joint's full range of motion

Front 27

isokinetic training

Back 27

strenth-training method in which the speed of the muscle contraction is kept constant because the equipment provides an accommodating resistance to match the user's force (maximal) through the range of motion

Front 28

variable resistance

Back 28

training using special machines equipped with mechanical devices that provide differing amounts of resistance through the range of motion

Front 29

resistance

Back 29

amount of weight that is lifted

Front 30

progressive resistance training

Back 30

a gradual increase of resistance over a period of time

Front 31

set

Back 31

a fixed number of reps

Front 32

circuit training

Back 32

alternating exercises by performing them in a sequence of three to six or more

Front 33

volume

Back 33

the sum of all the repetitions performed multiplied by the resistance used during a strength-training session

Front 34

periodization

Back 34

a training approach that divides the season into cycles using a systematic variation in intensity and volume of training to enhance fitness and performance

Front 35

overtraining

Back 35

an emotional, behavioral, and physical condition marked by increased fatigue, decreased performance, persistent muscle soreness, and mood disturbances, and feelings of "staleness" or "burnout" as a result of excessive physical training

Front 36

plyometric exercise

Back 36

explosive jump training, incorporating speed and strength training to enhance explosiveness

Front 37

core strength training

Back 37

a training program designed to strengthen the abdominal, hip, and spinal muscles (the core of the body)

Front 38

Pilates

Back 38

a training program that uses exercises designed to help strengthen the body's core by developing pelvic stability and abdominal control; exercises are coupled with focused breathing patterns