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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Colony |
Settlement in a new territory that keeps close ties to the mother country; land taken over by a country to create an empire |
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Favorable Balance of Trade |
When a country has more exports (items they sell to other countries) than imports (items they buy from other countries) |
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Mercantilism |
A country gains power by building up its supply of gold and silver; can be accomplished by taking over land where gold and silver are natural resources or by taking over land with natural resources to take to trade; government controls the economy |
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Natural Resource/Raw Material |
Material, such as wood, gold, salt, tobacco and cotton, that occur in nature and can be traded or made into a product that can be traded. |
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Market/Marketplace |
Place where goods are offered for sale |
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Capitalism |
Economic system based upon the private ownership of resources and production in order to make a profit |
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Market Economy |
A system in which individual buyers and sellers interact in the marketplace to exchange/trade goods and services |
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Slavery |
Being owned or in bondage to another person; the practice or system of one person owning another person or perople |
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Indentured Servant |
Servants who worded for a set period of time to pay off debts or the cost of traveling to the Americas. |
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Limited Government |
Restraints are placed on the power and the authority of the government |
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Unlimited Government |
No restraints are placed upon the actions of the government; the government can become authoritarian or tyrannical |
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Enlightenment |
The 18th century philosophical movement stressing reason and applying reason to social institutions, including government, to justify change |
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Monarch |
Ruler, such as a king or emperor, who rules over a territory, usually for life and has inherited the position |
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Constitution |
Law, written or unwritten, that establishes the character of a government by defining the basic principles to which a society must conform; describes the organization of the government, limits power, gives rights to citizens |
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Democracy |
System of government that grants people authority in the functioning of government; government for and by the people |
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Separation of Powers |
Distributing the legislative, executive, and judicial powers to different bodies rather than allowing one person or group to hold all the power; prevents abuse of power |
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Scientific Revolution |
Period from 1500 to 1700 during which a number of important advances in science and math were made; applied reason to establish cause and effect |
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Reason |
To think logically; the capacity for logical, rational and analytical thought |
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State of Nature |
A positive condition of human existence that came before social and political organization and was used by the philosophers to explain the process by which political organization occurred |
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Social Contract Theory |
The idea that government was created as an agreement (contract) between social groups as a way of structuring themselves in a way that was food for the people and the government |
