First Aid Step 2: Heme/onc

Front 1

Four causes of microcytic anemia

Back 1

TICS: thalessemia, iron deficiency, chronic inflammation, and sideroblastic

Front 2

An elderly man w/ hypochromic, microcytic anemia is asymptomatic. What do you suspect an what is the dx test?

Back 2

Colon cancer. Do FOB and sigmoidoscopy

Front 3

Precipitants of hemolytic crisis in pts w/ G6PD deficiency.

Back 3

Sulfonamides, anti-malarial drugs, and fava beans.

Front 4

The most common inherited cause of hypercoagulability

Back 4

Factor V Leiden mutation

Front 5

The most common inherited bleeding disorder

Back 5

von Willebrand's disease

Front 6

The most common inherited hemolytic anemia

Back 6

Hereditary spherocytosis

Front 7

Dx test for hereditary spherocytosis

Back 7

Osmotic fragility test

Front 8

Pure RBC aplasia is aka?

Back 8

Diamond-Blackfan anemia

Front 9

Anemia associated w/ absent radii and thumbs, diffuse hyperpigmentation, cafe au lait spots, microcephaly, and pancytopenia

Back 9

Fanconi's anemia

Front 10

Meds and viruses that lead to aplastic anemia

Back 10

Chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, radiation, HIV, chemo drugs, hepatitis, parvovirus B19, and EBV

Front 11

How to distinguish polycythemia vera from secondary polycythemia?

Back 11

Both have elevated hematocrit and elevated RBC mass, but polycythemia vera has normal O2 sat and low EPO levels

Front 12

TTP pentad

Back 12

FAT RN: Fever, anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal dysfunction, neurological abnormalities

Front 13

HUS triad

Back 13

Anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure

Front 14

Treatment for ITP in children

Back 14

Usually resolves spontaneously; may require IVIG and/or corticosteroids

Front 15

Treatment for TTP

Back 15

Emergent large volume plasmapheresis, corticosteroids, and antiplatelet drugs

Front 16

Lab results in DIC

Back 16

Elevated fibrin split products and D-dimer; decreased platelets, fibrinogen, and hematocrit

Front 17

An eight y.o. boy presents w/ hemarthrosis and elevated PTT w/ normal PT and bleeding time. Dx? Tx?

Back 17

Hemophilia A or B; consider desmopressin (for Hemophilia A only) or factor VIII or IX respectively

Front 18

A 14 y.o. girl presents w/ prolonged bleeding after dental surgery and with menses, normal PT, normal or elevated PTT, and increased bleeding time. Dx? Tx?

Back 18

von Willebrand's disease; treat w/ desmopressin, FFP or cryoprecipitate

Front 19

A 60 y.o. AA male presents w/ bone pain. W/u for MM might reveal.

Back 19

Monoclonal gammopathy (IgG spike), Bence Jones proteinuria, punched out lesions on XR of skull or long bones.

Front 20

Reed-Sternberg cells

Back 20

Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Front 21

A 10 y.o. boy w/ fever, weight loss, and night sweats. Exam shows an anterior mediastinal mass. Dx?

Back 21

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Front 22

Microcytic anemia with decreased serum iron, decreased TIBC, and increased ferritin.

Back 22

Anemia of chronic inflammation

Front 23

Microcytic anemia w/ decreased serum iron, increased TIBC, and decreased ferritin

Back 23

Iron deficiency anemia

Front 24

An 80 y.o. male presents w/ fatigue, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and isolated lymphocytosis. Dx?

Back 24

CLL

Front 25

The lymphoma equivalent of CLL

Back 25

Small lymphocytic lymphoma

Front 26

A late, life-threatening complication of CML.

Back 26

Blast crisis (fever, bone pain, splenomegaly, pancytopenia)

Front 27

Auer rods on blood smear

Back 27

AML

Front 28

AML subtype associated w/ DIC

Back 28

M3

Front 29

Electrolyte changes in tumor lysis syndrome

Back 29

decreased Ca, increased K, phosphate and uric acid

Front 30

Treatment for AML type M3

Back 30

Retinoic acid

Front 31

A 50 y.o. male presents w/ early satiety, splenomegaly, and bleeding. Cytogenics show t(9:22).

Back 31

CML

Front 32

Heinz bodies

Back 32

Intracellular inclusions seen in thalassemia, G6PD deficiency, and post-splenectomy.

Front 33

An autosomal-recessive disorder w/ a defect in GPIIbIIa platelet receptor and decreased platelet aggregation.

Back 33

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia

Front 34

Virus associated w/ aplastic anemia in patients w/ sickle cell anemia

Back 34

Parvovirus B19

Front 35

A 25 y.o. AA male w/ sickle cell anemia has sudden onset bone pain. Mgt of pain crisis?

Back 35

O2, analgesia, hyration, and if severe transfusion

Front 36

A significant cause of morbidity in thalassemia pts? Tx?

Back 36

Iron overload; treat w/ deferoxamine