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273 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Actinic keratosis
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often precedes squamous cell carcinoma
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Addison's disease
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primary adrenocortical deficiency
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Albright's syndrome
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polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature, young girls
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Albuminocytologic dissociation
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guillain-barre
increase protein in the CSF with only modest increase in cell count |
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Alport's syndrome
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hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness
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Anti-basement membrane antibodies
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Goodpasture's syndrome
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Anticentromere antibodies
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CREST (scleroderma)
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Anti-double stranded DNA antibodies (ANA antibodies)
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SLE (type III hypersensitivity)
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Anti-epithelial cell antibodies
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pemphigus vulgaris
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Antigliadin antibodies
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celiac disease
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Antihistone antibodies
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drug-induced SLE
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Anti-IgG antibodies
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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Antimitochondrial antibodies
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primary biliary cirrhosis
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Antineutrophil antibodies
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vasculitis
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Antiplatelet antibodies
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idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
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Arachnodactyly
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Marfan's syndrome
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Argyll Robertson Pupil
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Neurosyphilis
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Arnold-Chiari malformation
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cerebellar tonsillar herniation
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Aschoff bodies
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Rheumatic fever
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Atrophy of mamillary bodies
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Wernicke's encephalopathy
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Auer rods
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acute myelogenous leukemia (especially the promyelocytic type)
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Autosplenectomy
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sickle cel anemia
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Babinski's sign
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UMN lesion
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Baker's cyst in popliteal fossa
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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'Bamboo spine' on x-ray
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ankylosing spondylitis
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Bartter's syndrome
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hyperreninemia
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Basophilic stippling on RBCs
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lead poisoning
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Becker's muscular dystrophy
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defective dystrophin
less severe than Duchenne's |
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Bell's palsy
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LMN CN VII palsy
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Bence Jones proteins
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Multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine)
Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (IgM) |
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Berger's disease
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IgA nephropathy
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Bernard-Soulier disease
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defect in platelet adhesion
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Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis
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sarcoidosis
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Birbeck granules on EM
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histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
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Bloody tap on LP
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subarachnoid hemorrhage
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'Blue bloater'
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chronic bronchitis
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blue-domed cysts
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fibrocystic change of the breast
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blue sclera
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osteogenesis imperfecta
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boot-shaped heart on x-ray
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tetralogy of fallot, RVH
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Bouchard's nodes
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osteoarthritis (PIP sweeling secondary to osteophytes)
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Boutonniere deformity
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rheumatoid arthritis
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branching rods in oral infection
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Actinomyces israeli
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'brown tumor' of bone
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hemorrhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts:
1. hyperparathyroidism 2. osteitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghausen's disease) |
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bruton's disease
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X-linked agammaglobulinemia
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Budd-chiari syndrome
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posthepatic venous thrombosis
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Buerger's disease
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small/medium-artery vasculitis
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Burkitt's lymphoma
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8:14 translocation
associated with EBV 'starry sky' appearance on histology |
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Burton's lines
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lead poisoning
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c-ANCA and p-ANCA
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Wegener's granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis
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Cafe au lait spots on skin
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neurofibromatosis
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Caisson disease
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gas emboli
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Calf pseudohypertrophy
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Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
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Call-Exner bodies
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granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary
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Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
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chagas disease
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cerebriform nuclei
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mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)
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Chagas disease
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Trypanosome disease
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Chancre
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primary syphilis (not painful)
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Chancroid
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Haemophilus ducreyi (painful)
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Charcot's triad
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multiple sclerosis (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech), cholangitis (jaundice, RUQ pain, fever)
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Charcot-Leyden crystals
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bronchial asthma (eosinophil membranes)
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Chediak-Higashi disease
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phagocyte deficiency
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cherry-red spot on macula
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Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick disease, central retinal artery occlusion
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Cheyne-stokes respiration
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central apnea in CHF and increase in intracranial pressure
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Chronic atrophic gastritis
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predisposition to gastric carcinoma
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Chvostek's sign
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hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping)
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Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
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DES exposure in utero
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Clue cells
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Gardnerelia vaginitis
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Codman's triangle on x-ray
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osteosarcoma
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Cold agglutinins
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis
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Cold intolerance
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hypothyroidism
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Condylomata lata
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secondary syphilis
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Continuous machinery murmur
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patent ductus arteriosus
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Cori's disease
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debranching enzyme deficiency
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Cotton-wool spots
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chronic hypertension
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Cough, conjunctivitis, coryza + fever
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Measles
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Councilman bodies
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toxic or viral hepatitis
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Cowdry type A bodies
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herpes virus
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Crescents in Bowman's capsule
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rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
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Crigler-Najjar syndrome
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congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
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Curling's ulcer
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acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
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Currant-jelly sputum
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Klebsiella
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Curschmann's spirals
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bronchial asthma (whorled mucous plugs)
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Cushing's ulcer
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acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury
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D-dimers
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DIC
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Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
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Parkinson's disease (basal ganglia disorder - rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)
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Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
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Pellagra (niacin, vitamin B3 deficiency)
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Diabetes insipidus + exophthalmos + lesions of skull
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Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
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Dog or cat bite
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Pasteurella multocida
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Donovan bodies
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granuloma inguinale
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Dressler's syndrome
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post-MI fibrinous pericarditis
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Dubin-Johnson syndrome
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congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)
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Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
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deleted dystrophin gene (X-linked recessive)
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Eburnation
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osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)
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Edward's syndrome
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Trisomy 18, associated with rocker-bottom feet, low-set ears, heart disease
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Eisenmenger's complex
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late cyanosis shunt (uncorrected L --> R shunt becomes R --> L shunt)
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Elastic skin
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Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
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Erb-Duchenne palsy
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superior trunk (C5-C6) brachial plexus injury ('waiter's tip')
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Erythema chronicum migrans
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Lyme disease
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Fanconi's syndrome
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proximal tubular reabsorption defect
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'fat, female, forty and fertile'
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acute cholecystitis
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Fatty liver
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alcoholism
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Ferruginous bodies
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asbestosis
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Gardner's syndrome
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colon polyps with osteomas and soft tissue tumors
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Gaucher's disease
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glucocerbrosidase deficiency
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Ghon focus
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primary TB
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Gilbert's syndrome
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benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
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Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
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defect in platelet aggregation
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Goodpasture's syndrome
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autoantibodies against alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins
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Gowers' maneuver
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Duchenne's (use of patient's arms to help legs pick self off the floor)
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Guillain-Barre syndrome
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idiopathic polyneuritis
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'Hair-on-end" (crew-cut) appearance on x-ray
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Beta thalassemia, sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoiesis)
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Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
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chronic progressive histiocytosis
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HbF
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thalassemia major
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HbS
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sickle cell anemia
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hCG elevated
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choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo)
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Heberden's nodes
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osteoarthritis (DIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)
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Heinz bodies
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G6PD deficiency
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura
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hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with hemorrhagic urticaria and URIs
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Heterophild antibodies
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infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
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High-output cardiac failure (dilated cardiomyopathy)
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Wet beriberi (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency)
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HLA-B27
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Reiter's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis
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HLA-DR3 or HLA-DR4
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Diabetes Mellitus type 1 (caused by autoimmune destruction of Beta cells)
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Homer Wright rosettes
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neuroblastoma
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Honeycomb lung on x-ray
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interstitial fibrosis
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Horner's syndrome
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ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis
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Howell-Jolly bodies
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splenectomy (or nonfunctional spleen)
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Huntington's disease
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caudate degeneration (autosomal dominant)
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Hyperphagia + hypersexuality + hyperorality + hyperdocility
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Kluver - Bucy syndrome (amygdala)
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Hyperpigmentation of the skin
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primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)
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Hypersegmented neutrophils
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Macrocytic anemia
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Hypertension + hypokalemia
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Conn's syndrome
(primary hyperaldosteronism) |
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Hypochromic microcytosis
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iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning
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Increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
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anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)
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Increased uric acid levels
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Gout, Lesch-Nyan syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics
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Intussusception
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adenovirus (causes hyperplasia of Peyer's patches)
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Janeway lesions
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endocarditis
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Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
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syphilis - overaggressive treatment of an asymptomatic patient that causes symptoms due to rapid lysis
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Job's syndrome
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neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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AIDS in men who have sex with men
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Kartagener's syndrome
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Dynein defect
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Kayser-Fleischer rings
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Wilson's disease
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Keratin pearls
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squamous cell carcinoma
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Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules
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diabetic nephropathy
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Kluver-Bucy syndrome
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bilateral amygdala lesions
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Koilocytes
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HPV
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Koplik spots
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measles
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Krukenberg tumor
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gastric adenocarcinoma with ovarian metastases
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Kussmaul hyperpnea
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diabetic ketoacidosis
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Lens dislocation + aortic dissection + joint hyperflexibility
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Marfan's syndrome (fibrillin defect)
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Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
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HGPRT deficiency
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Lewy bodies
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Parkinson's disease
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Libman-Sacks disease
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endocarditis associated with SLE
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Lines of Zahn
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arterial thrombus
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Lisch nodules
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neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease)
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Low serum ceruloplasmin
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Wilson's disease
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Lucid interval
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epidural hematoma
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'Lumpy-bumpy' appearance of glomeruli on immunoflourescence
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poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
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Lytic bone lesions on x-ray
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multiple myeloma
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Mallory bodies
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alcoholic liver disease
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Mallory-Weiss syndrome
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esophagogastric lacerations
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McArdle's disease
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muscle phosphorylase deficiency
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McBurney's sign
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appendicitis
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MLF syndrome (INO)
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multiple sclerosis
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Monoclonal antibody spike
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multiple myeloma (called the M protein; usually IgG or IgA), MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), Waldenstrom's (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia
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Myxedema
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hypothyroidism
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Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
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Wegener's and Goodpasture's (hemoptysis and glomerular disease)
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Needle shaped, negatively birefringent crystals
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gout
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Negri bodies
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rabies
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Nephritis + cataracts + hearing loss
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Alport's syndrome
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Neurofibrillary tangles
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Alzheimer's disease
|
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Niemann-Pick disease
|
sphingomyelinase deficiency
|
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No lactation postpartum
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Sheehan's syndrome
(pituitary infarction) |
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Nutmeg liver
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CHF
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occupational exposure to asbestosis
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malignant mesothelioma
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'Orphan Annie' nuclei
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pappillary carcinoma of the thyroid
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Osler's nodes
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endocarditis
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Owl's eye
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CMV
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painless jaundice
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pancreatic cancer (head)
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Palpable purpura on legs and buttocks
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura
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Pancoast's tumor
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bronchogenic apical tumor associated with Horner's syndrome
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Pannus
|
RA
|
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Parkinson's disease
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nigrostriatal dopamine depletion
|
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Periosteal elevation on x-ray
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pyogenic osteomyelitis
|
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Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
|
benign polyposis
|
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Peyronie's disease
|
penile fibrosis
|
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Philadelphia chromosome (bcr-abl)
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CML (may sometimes be associated with AML)
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Pick bodies
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Pick's disease
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Pick's disease
|
progressive dementia, similar to Alzheimers
|
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'Pink puffer'
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emphysema (centroacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha - antitrypsin deficiency])
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Plummer-Vinson syndrome
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esophageal webs with iron deficiency anemia
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Podagra
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gout (MP joint of hallux)
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Podocyte fusion
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minimal change disease
|
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Polyneuropathy, cardiac, pathology and edema
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Dry beriberi (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency)
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Polyneuropathy preceded by GI or respiratory infection
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Guillain-Barre syndrome
|
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Pompe's disease
|
lysosomal glucosidase deficiency associated with cardiomegaly
|
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Port-wine stain
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hemangioma
|
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Positive anterior 'drawer sign'
|
anterior cruciate ligament injury
|
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Pott's disease
|
vertebral TB
|
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pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangement
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glioblastoma multiforme
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Pseudorosettes
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Ewing's sarcoma
|
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Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis
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Horner's syndrome (Pancoast tumor)
|
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Rash on palms and soles
|
secondary syphilis, Rocky Mountain Spotted fever
|
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Raynaud's syndrome
|
recurrent vasospasm in extremities
|
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RBC casts in urine
|
acute glomerulonephritis
|
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recurrent pulmonary Pseudomonas and Staph aureus infections
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cystic fibrosis
|
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red urine in the morning
|
paroxysmal noctural hemoglobinuria
|
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Reed-Sternberg cells
|
Hodgkin's lymphoma
|
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Reid index (increased)
|
chronic bronchitis
|
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Reinke crystals
|
Leydig cell tumor
|
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Reiter's syndrome
|
urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis
|
|
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Renal cell carcinoma + cavernous hemangiomas + adenomas
|
von Hippel-Lindau disease
|
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renal epithelial casts in urine
|
acute toxic/viral nephrosis
|
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Rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent
|
pseudogout
|
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Rib notching
|
coarctation of aorta
|
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Roth's spots in retina
|
endocarditis
|
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Rotor's syndrome
|
congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
|
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Rouleaux formation (RBCs)
|
Multiple myeloma
|
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S3
|
left-to-right shunt (VSD, PDA, ASD), mitral regurgitation, LV failure (CHF)
|
|
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S4
|
aortic stenosis, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis
|
|
|
Schiller-Duval bodies
|
yolk sac tumor
|
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Senile plaques
|
Alzheimer's disease
|
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Sezary syndrome
|
Cutaneous T cell lymphoma
|
|
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Sheehan's syndrome
|
postpartum pituitary necrosis
|
|
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Shwartzman reaction
|
Neisseria meningitidis
|
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Signet-ring cells
|
gastric carcinoma
|
|
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Simian crease
|
Down syndrome
|
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Sipple's syndrome
|
MEN type IIa
|
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Sjogren's syndrome
|
dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis
|
|
|
Skin lesions
|
Crohn's
|
|
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Slapped cheeks
|
erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
|
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Smith antigen
|
SLE
|
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smudge cell
|
CLL
|
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soap bubble on x-ray
|
giant cell tumor of bone
|
|
|
spike and dome on EM
|
membranous glomerulonephritis
|
|
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Spitz nevus
|
benign juvenile melanoma
|
|
|
Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
|
endocarditis
|
|
|
Starry-sky pattern
|
Burkitt's lymphoma
|
|
|
'Strawberry tongue"
|
Scarlet fever
|
|
|
Streaky ovaries
|
Turner's syndrome
|
|
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String sign on x-ray
|
Crohn's disease
|
|
|
subepithelial humps on EM
|
post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
|
|
|
Suboccipital lymphadenopathy
|
rubella
|
|
|
Sulfur granules
|
Actinomyces israeli
|
|
|
Swollen gums, bruising, poor wound healing, anemia
|
Scurvy (ascorbic acid, vitamin C deficiency) - vitamin C is necessary for hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis
|
|
|
Systolic ejection murmur
(crescendo-decrescendo) |
aortic valve stenosis
|
|
|
t(8;14)
|
Burkitt's lymphoma
c-myc activation |
|
|
t(9;22)
|
Philadelphia chromosome, CML (bcr-abl hybrid)
|
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t(14;18)
|
follicular lymphoma (bcl-2 activation)
|
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Tabes dorsalis
|
tertiary syphilis
|
|
|
Tendon xanthomas (classically Achilles)
|
familial hypercholesterolemia
|
|
|
Thumb sign of lateral x-ray
|
epiglottitis (H. flu)
|
|
|
Thyroidization of kidney
|
chronic bacterial pyelonephritis
|
|
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Tophi
|
gout
|
|
|
'Tram track' appearance on LM
|
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
|
|
|
Trosseau's sign
|
visceral cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (migratory thrombophlebitis), hypocalcemia (carpal spasm)
|
|
|
Virchow's node
|
left supraclavicular node enlargement from metastatic carcinoma of the stomach
|
|
|
Virchow's triad
|
pulmonary embolism (triad: blood stasis, endothelial damage, hypercoagulation)
|
|
|
von Recklinghausen's disease
|
Neurofibromatosis with cafe-au-lait spots
|
|
|
von Recklinghausen's disease of bone
|
osteitis fibrosa cystica (brown tumor)
|
|
|
Wallenberg's syndrome
|
PICA thrombosis
|
|
|
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
|
adrenal hemorrahage associated with meningococcemia
|
|
|
Waxy casts
|
chronic end-stage renal disease
|
|
|
WBC casts in urine
|
acute pyelonephritis
|
|
|
WBCs in urine
|
acute cystitis
|
|
|
Wermer's syndrome
|
MEN type I
|
|
|
Whipple's disease
|
malabsorption syndrome caused by Tropheryma whippelii
|
|
|
Wilson's disease
|
hepatolenticular degeneration
|
|
|
'wire-loop' appearance on LM
|
lupus nephropathy
|
|
|
'worst headache of my life'
|
Subarachnoid Hemorrage, caused by:
berry aneurysm - associated with polycystic kidney disease |
|
|
Xanthochromia (CSF)
|
subarachnoid hemorrhage
|
|
|
xerostomia + arthritis + keratoconjunctivitis sicca
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Sjogren's syndrome
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Zenker's diverticulum
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upper GI diverticulum
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Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
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gastrin-secreting tumor associated with ulcers
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