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92 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Absence seizures
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Ethosuximide: blocks Thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels
('Petit Mal', Generalised Seizure, no post-ictal confusion, classic in childhood) |
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Acute gout attack
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NSAIDs (Naproxen, Indomethacin; reversibly inhibit COX), ? Colchicine, Glucocorticoids
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Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
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All-trans retinoic acid [M3: t(15;17), presents as DIC]
AML: Auer Rods |
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ADHD
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Methylphenidate, amphetamines [inc. catecholamines at synaptic cleft, NE and DA]
(also for Narcolepsy, appetite control) |
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Alcohol abuse
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AA + disulfiram for patient and Al-Anon for family
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Alcohol withdrawal
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Benzodiazepines
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Anorexia
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SSRIs [Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram]
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Anticoagulation during pregnancy
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Heparin
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Anxiety
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Buspirone [Stimulates 5-HT1a Rc]
-- Generalized anxiety disorder (no other indications) |
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Arrythmia in damaged cardiac tissue
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Class IB antiarrythmic (Lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)
[1A: Procainamide/1B: Lidocaine/1C: Flecainide] |
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B12 deficiency
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B12 supplementatin [work-up with Shilling test]
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Benign prostatic hyperplasia
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Tamsulosin (α1-antogonist), Finasteride (5α-Reductase Inhibitor)
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Bipolar disorder
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Lithium, Valproate, Carbamazepine (mood stabilizers)
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Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman
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Aromatase inhibitor (Anastrozole)
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Buerger's disease
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Smoking cessation
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Bulimia
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SSRIs [Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram]
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Candida albicans
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AMPHOTERICIN B (systemic), NYSTATIN (oral thrush, esophagitis) - - Bind Ergosterol in Cell Membrane, forms pores = lytes leak
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Carcinoid syndrome
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Octreotide (Somatostatin analog)
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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DOXYCYCLINE (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), Erythromycin (Macrolide) eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)
[Doxycycline = a tetracycline (30S inhibitor, blocks aa-tRNA attachment to A-site) |
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Chronic gout
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ALLOPURINOL (Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor for overproducers), Probenicid (underexcretor)
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Chronic hepatitis (Hepatitis B and C)
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IFN-α (also used in Kaposi's Sarcoma, Leukaemias, Malignant Melanoma)
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Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
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Imatinib [CML: t(9;22) - bcl-abl hybrid]
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Clostridium botulinum
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Antitoxin
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Clostridium difficile
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Oral metronidazole
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Clostridium tetani
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Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam
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Crohn's disease
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Corticosteroids, Infliximab (anti-TNF-α, monoclonal AB) [TNF-α = acute phase reactant]
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Cryptococcus neoformans
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Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)
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Cystic fibrosis
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N-acetylcysteine + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (Tobramycin/Azithromycin)
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Cytomegalovirus
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Ganciclovir
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Depression
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SSRIs (first-line)
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Diabetes insipidus (↓ADH = intense thirst, polyuria, inability to concentrate urine))
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Desmopressin [ADH Analog] (Central: pituitary tumour, trauma, sx); Hydrochlorothiazide, Indomethacin, Amiloride (Nephrogenic: kidney not responding)
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Diabetes mellitus type 1
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Dietary intervention (low-sugar) + insulin replacement
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Diabetes mellitus type 2
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Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemic, and insulin (possible)
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Diabetic ketoacidosis [Hyperglycaemia, Ketoacidosis, Ketonuria]
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Fluids, Insulin, K+
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Enterococci
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Vancomycin/Ampicillin + Aminoglycoside (Gentamicin)
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Erectile dysfunction
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Sildenafil (PDE-5 Inhibitor = ↑cGMP = sm. muscle relaxation in corpus cavernosum, ↑BF and erection)
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ER-positive breast cancer
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Tamoxifen (Antagonist on Breast) raloxifene is agonist at bone
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Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
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Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
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Folate deficiency
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Folate
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Haemophilus influenzae (B)
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Rifampin (prophylaxis)
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Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic cystitis
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Mesna
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Heparin toxicity (acute)
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Protamine sulfate
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HER2/neu-positive breast cancer
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Trastuzumab
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Hyperaldosteronism
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Spironolactone (anti-androgen, inhibits steroid binding)
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Hypercholesterolemia
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Statin (first-line)
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Hypertriglyceridemia
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Fibrate
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Immediate anticoagulation
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Heparin
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Infertility
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Leuprolide (GnRH Analog), GnRH (pulsatile)
[give continuous = antagonist - prostate cancer, uterine fibroids, precocious puberty] |
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Influenza
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Amantadine/Rimantadine
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Legionella pneumophila
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Erythromycin
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Long-term anticoagulation
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Warfarin
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Malaria
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Chloroquine/Mefloquine (for blood schizont), Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
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Malignant hyperthermia
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Dantrolene
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Medical abortion
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Mifepristone (Progesterone receptor antagonist)
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Migraine
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Sumatriptan (Serotonin agonist - causes vasoconstriction)
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MRSA
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Vancomycin
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Multiple sclerosis
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β-interferon
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Treatment
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RIPES [Rifampin (inhibits DNA-dep RNA Pol) , Isoniazid (↓ mycolic acid synth) , Pyrazinamide (acidifies), Ethambutol (blocks arabinosyltransferase and ↓ CHO polym'n of cell wall), Streptomycin)
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Neisseria gonorrheae
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Ceftriaxone (add Doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia)
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Neisseria meningitidis
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Penicillin/Ceftriaxone, Rifampin (prophylaxis)
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Neural tube defect prevention
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Folate
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Osteomalacia/rickets
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Vitamin D supplementation
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Patent ductus arteriosus
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Indomethacin
Nb. an NSAID |
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Pheochromocytoma
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1st: α-antagonists (Phenoxybenzamine) to relax blood vessels and reduce episodic HTN 2nd: B-blocker (to dec. HR)
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Pneumocystis jiroveci
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TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)
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Prolactinoma
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Bromocriptine (Dopamine agonists - bc DA inhibits Prolactin)
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Prostate Cancer/Uterine Fibroids
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Leuprolide, GnRH (continous)
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Prostate carcinoma
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Flutamide
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Antipseudomonal Penicillin (Ticarcillin, Piperacillin, Ceftazidime (3rd) Cefepime (4th) + Aminoglycoside (Gent)
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Pulmonary hypertension
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Bosentan (Endothelin-Rc Antagonist = dec. pulmonary vascular resistance)
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Rickettsia rickettsii
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Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)
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Ringworm infections
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Terbinafine [inhibits squalene epoxidase which disrupts Lanosterol synthesis), Griseofulvin (interferes with MT and disrupts mitosis), Imidazole
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Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
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5-HT(2A) antagonists (e.g., olanzapine)
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Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
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D2 receptor antagonists (D2 Blockers = Typicals
[HIGH - Haloperidol, Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine vs. LOW - Chlorpromazine, Thiordazine] |
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SIADH (too much ADH = water retention, hyponat, urine osm > serum osm)
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Demeclocycline (ADH Antagonist), lithium
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Sickle cell anemia (Auto Rec)
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Hydroxyurea (incr HbF)
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Sporothrix schenckii
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Oral KI
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Stable angina
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Sublingual nitroglycerin
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Staphylococcus aureus
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Methicillin/Naficillin
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Streptococcus bovis
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Penicillin prophylaxis
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Penicillin/Cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), Vancomycin (meningitis)
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Streptococcus pyogenes
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Penicillin prophylaxis
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Temporal arteritis
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High-dose steroids
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Tonic-clonic seizures
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Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
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Toxoplasma gondii
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Sulfonamide + Pyrimethamine
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Treponema pallidum
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Penicillin
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Trichomonas vaginalis
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Metronidazole (patient and partner) GET GAP on Metro [Giardia, Entamoeba, Trichomonas, Gardnerella, Anaerobes, h.Pylori)
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Ulcerative colitis
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5-ASA, Infliximab
Nb. 5-ASA = anti-COX/LiPOX, infliximab = anti-TNF-α |
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UTI prophylaxis
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TMP-SMX
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Warfarin toxicity
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Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)
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Wegener's granulomatosis
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Cyclophosphamide, Corticosteroids
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Osteoporosis
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Bisphosphonates [inhibit osteoClast] + Calcium/Vit. D supplementation
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