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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Immunglobulins that bind complement
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IgG, IgM
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IgD
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func?
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IgM
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1° immunne resp. complement. does not cross placenta. monomer or pentamer (J chain).
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IgG
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2° immune resp. complement. placenta.
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IgA
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mucous membranes. secretory compenent. monomer or dimer (J chain).
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IgE
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type I hypersensitivity, helminths, * mast/basophils, lowest []
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IL-1
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by Mphage. Pyrogen. Stim: T, B, PMN, fibro, endo, acute phase reactants (liver)
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IL-2
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by CD4+ T*. Stim: CD4+ T, CD8+ T (prolif + apop)
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IL-3
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by CD4+ T*. Growth + differentiation of bone marrow progenitors. ("Multi-CSF").
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IL-4
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by Th2. T => Th2. Stim B, isotype to igG, igE
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IL-5
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by Th2 and mast cells. Stim B, isotype to IgA. Stim eosinophils.
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IL-6
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by Th, Mphage, etc. Stim acute phase reactant prod (liver), Ig prod.
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IL-8
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PMN chemotaxis
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IL-10
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by Th2. Inh Th1 response (Mphage)
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IL-12
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by B, Mphage. *NK, Th1. (for intracellular pathogens)
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IFN-gamma
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by Th. Stim Mphage. Inc MHCI+II expression, ag presentation in all cells.
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INF-alpha, beta
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inhbit viral protein synthesis: induce proteins that degrade viral mRNA
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TNF-alpha
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by Mphage. T: IL2R synth. B: prolif. PMN: chemoattract + activate. DC: migrate to LN
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Th1 cytokines
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2, 12, IFN gamma
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Th2 cytokines
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4, 5, 10
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Broadly spectrum cytokines
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1, 6, TNF alpha
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Th surface proteins
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CD4, TCR, CD3. CD28 (=> B7). CD40L
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Tc surface proteins
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CD8, TCR, CD3.
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B cell surface proteins
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MHC II, IgM, B7, CD40. Pan B cell: CD19, CD20.
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Mphage cell surface proteins
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MHC II, CD14. FcR, C3bR
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NK surface protoeins
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MHC I, CD16, CD56
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C1, C2, C3, C4
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Viral neutralization
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C3b
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opsonization
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C3a, C5a
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anaphylaxis
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C5a
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PMN chemotaxis
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C5b-9
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MAC
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C1 esterase inhibitor definiciency
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Overactive complement, inc bradykinin => angioedema
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C3 deficiency
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recurrent pyogenic sinus + respiratory tract infection
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C6-C9 deficiency
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MAC deficiency => Neisseria bacteremia
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Decay-accelerating factor deficiency
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PNH. PIG-A mutation => dec CD55 (DAF), CD59, C8 binding protein. CD55 binds C3b, C4b. CD 59 binds C9.
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C2 or C4 deficiencies
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SLE like IC disease. complement => remove IC.
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Alternative pathway C3 convertase
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C3bBb
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Alternative pathway C5 convertase
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C3bBb3b
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MBL pathway C3 convertase
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C4b2b
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MBL pathway C5 convertase
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C4b2b3b
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Classical pathway C3 convertase
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C4b2b
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Classical pathway C5 convertase
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C4b2b3b
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When give passive immunization?
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To Be Healed Rapidly: Tetanus toxin, Botulinum toxin, HBV, Rabies.
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Type I hypersensitivy ex
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anaphylaxis/"atopy", asthma, hives, wheal/flare
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Type II hypersensitivity ex
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IgG, IgM => membane bound ag. Auto-immune hemolytic anemia, ITP, erythroblastosis fetalis (Rh dz), MG, Grave's dz, Bullous pemphigoid, Pemphigus vulgaris, GP, RF (connective tissue)
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Type III hypersensitivity ex
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arthus reaction (local vasculitis, preformed Ab), serum sickness (GN, arthritis, carditis, 5 days). PAN, SLE, RA (rheumatoid factor), IC GN
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Type IV hypersensitivity ex
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TB, touch (contact dermatitis), transplant rejection
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Bruton's agammaglobulinemia
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Boys: X linked. B cell: Btk deficiency (HC but not LC). Bacterial: S. pneumo, S. aurea, Hib. Present @ 6 mo.
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DiGeorge
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3rd + 4th branchial pouches fail to develop: thymic aplasia (T cell deficiency) + parathyroid gland aplasia (hypocalcemia => tetany) + cardiac, great vessel anomolies. CATCH-22: Cleft palate, abnormal facies, thymic aplasia, cardiac defects, hypocalcemia, 22q11.
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SCID
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Severe combined immunodeficiency. Many diff causes (MHC II, adenosine deaminase def). P/w Candida (fungal, viral, bacteral, protozoa). (mc: X-linked, gamma chain of chemokine R => T cell dysfunc => 2° B cell dysfunc.)
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IL-12 R def
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disseminated mycobacterium infection
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Hyper IgM syndrome
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CD40L defect. Dec isotype switching. Inc IgM, dec AGE. Severe pyogenic infections.
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Wisckott-Aldrich syndrome
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X-linked. dec M (capsular polysaccharide). inc IgA. WIPE: pyogenic Infections, thrombocytopenia Purpura, Eczema
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Job's syndrome
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IFN-gamma production defect. Dec Mphage func => no PMN chemotaxis. Inc IgE. Abscesses, Baby teeth, Colds, Eczema, IgE, course Facies.
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Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
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LFA-1 (phagocytes?). Pyogenic, fungal, *delayed separation of umbilicus*
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Chediak-Higashi
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MT dysfunction => phagocytosis defect => recurrent pyogenic infections. Pyogenic + Partial albinism + Peripheral neuropathy.
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Chronic granulomatous disease
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NADPH oxidase def => dec O2• => dec HOCl•. Dec PMN ROS => negative nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction test
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Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
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T cell defect => chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
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Selective Ig deficiency
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Prob w/ isotype switching. Usu IgA: respiratory tract infection, diarrhea, milk allergies
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Ataxia-Telangiectasia
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DNA repair. Ataxia (cerebellar), telangiectasia (spider angiomas). Dec IgA
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ANA
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SLE, not specific
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Anti-dsDNA abs
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specific SLE
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Anti-Smith abs
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specific SLE
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Antihistone abs
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drug-induced lupus. HIPP: hydralizine, isoniazid, procainamide, phenytoin
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C-ANCA
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antineutrophil. Vasculitis. Wegener's granulomatosis.
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P-ANCA
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antineutrophil. vasculitis. PAN
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Anticentromere
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Scleroderma (CREST)
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Anti-Scl-70
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Scleroderma (diffuse)
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Anti-mitochondrial
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Primary biliary cirrhosis
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Anti-epithelial cell
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Pemphigus vulgaris
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Anti-microsomal
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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Anti-Jo-1
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Polymyositis + dermatomyositis (CD8+, weakness)
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B27
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PAIR: Psoriasis, Ankylosing spondylitis, IBD, Reiter's syndrome
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B8
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Graves' dz, celiac sprue
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DR2
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MS, hay fever, SLE, GP "Must Suck 2 Get hay fever"
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DR3
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DM1
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DR4
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RA, DM1
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DR5
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Pernicious anemia, Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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DR7
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Steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome
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