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118 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly
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Budd-Chiari syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis)
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Achilles tendon xanthoma
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Familial hypercholesterolemia (decreased LDL receptor signaling)
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Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC
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Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (meningococcemia)
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Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints
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Marfan's syndrome (fibrillin defect)
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Athlete with polycythemia
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Secondary to erythropoietin syndrome
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Back pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss
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Pott's disease (vertebral TB)
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Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis
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Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granuloma)
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Blue sclera
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Osteogenesis Imperfecta (type I collagen defect)
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Bluish line on gingiva
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Burton's line (lead poisoning)
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Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis
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Paget's disease of bone (increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)
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Bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing
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Aortic regurgitation
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"Butterfly" facial rash and Raynaud's phenomenon in a young female
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SLE
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Cafe'-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma)
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NFT-I (+pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas)
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Cafe'-au-lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, MEN
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McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G protein signaling mutation)
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Calf pseduohypertrophy
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DMD: X-linked recessive deletion of the dystrophin gene
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Cherry red spot on macula
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Tay Sachs (ganglioside accumulation) or Niemann-Pick (sphingomyelin accumulation), central retinal artery occlusion
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Chest pain on exertion
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Angina (stable: with moderate exertion; unstable: with minimal exertion)
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Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI
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Dressler's syndrome (autoimmune mediated post-MI fibrinous pericarditis, 1-12 weeks after acute episode)
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Child uses arms to stand up from squat
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Gowers sign (DMD)
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Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body
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Slapped cheeks of erythema infectiosum/fifth disease; agent is parvovirus B19
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Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration
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Huntington's disease (autosomal-dominant CAG repeat expansion)
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Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria
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McArdle's disease (muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)
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Cold intolerance
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Hypothyroidism
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Conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia
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Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; bilateral [MS], unilateral [stroke])
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Continuous "machinery" heart murmur
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PDA (close with indomethacin; open or maintain with misoprostol)
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Cutaneous dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition
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Myxedema (caused by hypothyroidism, Graves' disease (pretibial)
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Dark purple skin/mouth nodules
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Kaposi's sarcoma (usually AIDS patients [MSM]: associated with HHV-8)
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Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation
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Kussmaul breathing (DKA)
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Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
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Pellagra-- niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency
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Dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism or malnutrition
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Wet beriberi--thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency
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Dog or cat bite resulting in infection
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Pasteurella multocida (cellulitis at inoculation site)
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Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis
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Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands)
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Dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia
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Plummer-Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma)
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Elastic skin, hypermobility of the joints
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Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (type III collagen defect)
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Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node
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Virchow's node (abdominal mets)
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Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells
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Sezary syndrome (cutaneous T cell lymphoma) or mycosis fungoides
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Facial muscle spasm upon tapping
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Chvostek's sign (hypocalcemia)
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Fat, female, forty, fertile
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Cholelithiasis
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Fever, chills, headache, myalgia following antibiotic treatment for syphilis
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Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (rapid lysis of spirochetes results in toxin release)
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Fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash, koplik spots
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Measles (Morbillivirus)
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Fever, night sweats, weight loss
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B symptoms of lymphoma
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Fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis
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Peyronie's disease (connective tissue disorder)
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Gout, mental retardation, self-mutilating behavior in a boy
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Lesch-Nyan syndrome (HGPRT deficiency, X linked recessive)
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Green yellow rings around the peripheral cornea
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Kayser-Fleisher rings-- copper accumulation from Wilson's disease
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Hamartomatous polyps, hyperpigmentation of the mouth, feet, and hands
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Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Inherited benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction; increased cancer risk; mainly GI cancer |
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Hepatosplenomegaly, osteoperosis, neurologic symptoms
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Gaucher's disease (glucocerebrosidase deficiency)
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Hereditary nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts
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Alport's syndrome (mutation in the alpha chain of collagen type IV)
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Hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility
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Kluver-Bucy syndrome (bilateral amygdala lesion)
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Hyperreflexia, hypertonia, Babinski's sign present
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UMN damage
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Hyporeflexia, hypotonia, atrophy, fasciculations
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LMN damage
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Hypoxemia, polycythemia, hypercapnia
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Blue bloater (chronic bronchitis-- hyperplasia of mucous cells)
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Indurated, ulcerated genital lesion
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Nonpainful: chancre of primary syphilis caused by treponema pallidum
Painful with exudate: chancroid caused by Haemophilus ducreyi |
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Infant with cleft lip/palate, microcephaly or holoprosencephaly, polydactyly, cutis aplasia
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Patau's syndrome (trisomy 13)
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Infant with failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, and neurodegeneration
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Niemann-Pick disease (genetic sphingomyelinase deficiency)
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Infant with hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, and hepatomegaly
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Cori's disease (debranching enzyme deficiency)
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Infant with microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, clenched hands, and structural heart defect
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Edward's syndrome (trisomy 18)
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Jaundice, palpable distended non-tender gallbladder
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Courvoisier's sign (distal obstruction of the biliary tree)
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Large rash with bull's eye appearance
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Erythema chronicum migrans from Ixodes tick bite
Lyme disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi |
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Lucid interval after traumatic brain injury
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Epidural hematoma (middle meningeal artery rupture)
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Male child, recurrent infections, no mature B cells
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Bruton's disease (X linked agammaglobulinemia)
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Mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time
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Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (defect in platelet aggregation due to lack of GPIIb/IIIa)
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Muffled heart sounds, distended neck veins, hypotension
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Beck's triad of cardiac tamponade
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Multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft tissue tumors, impacted/supernumerary teeth
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Gardners syndrome (subtype of FAP)
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Myopathy (infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), exercise intolerance
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Pompe's disease (lysosomal alpha-1,4-glucosidase deficiency)
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Neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth
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Erb-Duchenne palsy (superior trunk, C5-C6, brachial plexus injury); "waiter's tip" injury
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No lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance
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Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary infarction)
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Nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech, bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia
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MS
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Oscillating slow/fast breathing
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Cheyne-Stokes respirations (central apnea in CHF or increased intracranial pressure)
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Painful blue fingers/toes, hemolytic anemia
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Cold agglutinin disease (autoimmune hemolytic anemia cuased by M. pneumoniae or infectious mono)
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Painful, pale, cold fingers/toes
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Raynaud's phenomenon (vasospasm of extremities)
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Painful, raised red lesions on pad of fingers/toes
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Osler's node (infective endocarditis, immune complex deposition)
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Painless erythematous lesions on palms and soles
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Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis, septic emboli/microabscesses)
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Painless jaundice
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Cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing the common bile duct; increased Alk phos and GGT
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Palpable purpura on the buttocks/legs, joint pain, abdominal pain (child), hematuria
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgA vasculitis affecting skin and kidneys)
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Pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors
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MEN 1 syndrome (AD disorder)
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Periorbital and/or peripheral edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia
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Nephrotic syndrome
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Pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation
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"Pink Puffer"
Emphysema can be 1) centriacinar due to smoking or 2) panacinar due to an A-1-A deficiency |
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Polyuria, renal tubular acidosis type II, growth failure, electrolyte imbalances, hypophosphatemic rickets
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Fanconi's syndrome (proximal tubular reabsorption defect)
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Positive anterior "drawer sign"
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ACL injury
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Pruritic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques
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Lichen planus
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Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis
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Horner's syndrome (sympathetic chain lesion)
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Pupil accomodates but doesn't react
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Argyll Robertson pupil (neurosyphilis)
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Rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends following GI/upper respiratory tract infection
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Guillain-Barre syndrome--acute autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
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Rash on palms and soles
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Cosxackie A, secondary syphilis, RMSF
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Recurrent colds, unusual eczema, high serum IgE
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Hyper IgE syndrome -- Job's syndrome causing a defect in neutrophil chemotaxis
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Red currant jelly sputum in alcoholics or diabetic patients
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Klebsiella pneumonia
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Red currant jelly stools
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Acute mesenteric ischemia (adults) or intussusception (infants)
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Red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple/areola
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Paget's disease of the breast--represents underlying neoplasm
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Red urine in the morning, fragile RBC's
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Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
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Renal cell carcinoma (bilateral), hemangioblastomas, angiomatosis, pheochromocytoma
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von Hippel-Lindau disease (dominant tumor suppressor gene mutation)
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Resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability
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Parkinson's disease- nigrostriatal dopamine depletion
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Retinal hemorrhages with pale centers
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Roth's spots- bacterial endocarditis
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Severe jaundice in the neonate
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Crigler-Najjar syndrome (congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)
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Severe RLQ pain with palpation of the LLQ
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Rovsing's sign (acute appendicitis)
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Severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness
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McBurney's sign--appendicitis
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Short stature, increased incidence of tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia
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Fanconi's anemia; genetic loss of DNA crosslink repair; often progresses to AML
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Single palmar crease
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Simian crease characteristic of Down's syndrome
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Situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, infertility
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Kartagener's syndrome- dynein arm defect affecting cilia
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Skin hyperpigmentation, hypotension, fatigue
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Addison's disease-- primary adrenocortical insufficiency causes increased ACTH and increased alpha-MSH production
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Slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys
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Becker's muscular dystrophy: X linked recessive mutation in dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne's
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Small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue-white centers
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Koplik spots (measles; rubeola virus)
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Smooth, flat, moist, painless white lesions on the genitals
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Condyloma lata (secondary syphilis)
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Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
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Bacterial endocarditis
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Strawberry tongue
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Scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome
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Streak ovaries, congenital heart disease, horseshoe kidney, cystic hygroma at birth, short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema
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Turner syndrome (45XO)
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Sudden swollen/painful big toe joint, tophi
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Gout/podagra (hyperuricemia)
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Swollen gums, mucosal bleeding, poor wound healing, spots on skin
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Scurvy-- vitamin C deficiency; can't hydroxylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis
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Swollen, hard, painful finger joints
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Osteoarthritis-- osteophytes on PIP (Bouchard's nodes), DIP (Heberden's nodes)
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Crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur
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Aortic valve stenosis
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Thyroid and parathyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma
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MEN 2A (autosomal dominant ret mutation)
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Thyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuromatosis
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MEN 2B (autosomal dominant ret mutation)
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Toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape
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Babinski sign (UMN)
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Unilateral facial drooping involving forehead
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Facial nerve-- LMN CN VII palsy
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Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis in males
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Reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27 linked conditions; Reiter's syndrome (can't see, pee, or bend the knee)
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Vascular birthmark (port-wine stain)
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Hemangioma- benign, but associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome
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Vomiting blood following gastroesophageal lacerations
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Mallory-Weiss syndrome-- alcoholic and bulimic patients
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Weight loss, diarrhea, arthritis, fever, adenopathy
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Whipple's disease (Tropheryma whipplei)
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Worst headache of my life
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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