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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acetominophen:
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N-acetylcysteine
(augments glutathione reserves by directly binding to toxic acetominophen metabolites) , also adds sulfhydryl group or something |
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Salicylates:
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NaHCO3 (to alkalinize urine),
dialysis |
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Amphetamines:
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NH4Cl (to acidify urine, as amphetamines are basic)
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Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, Organophosphates:
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Atropine (mAChR antagonist), pralidoxime (to regenerate AChEsterase)
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Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents:
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Physostigmine salicylate
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Beta-blockers:
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Glucagon
(Beta receptors --> Gs mediated increase in adenylyl cyclase/cAMP/PkA . Beta blockers block this, but Glucagon also increases cAMP, so it f'ns as antidote). |
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Digitalis:
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Stop Digitalis, normalize K+, lidocaine, anti-Digoxin Fab fragments (Digibind), Mg 2+
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Iron:
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Deferoxamine
Chelates iron. Deferoxamine defends against a mean ferrous overload. |
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Lead:
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CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine (chelating agent)
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Mercury, Arsenic, Gold:
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Dimercaprol (BAL), Succimer
(Dimercaprol: heavy metals bind thiol groups of enzymes, Dimercaprol functions as an analog to these groups and competitively binds to the heavy metals, which are then excreted) |
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Copper, Arsenic, Gold:
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Penicillamine (chelating agent)
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Cyanide:
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Nitrite, hydroxocobalamin, thiosulfate (enhances metabolism by donating sulfur)
Example of cyanide poisoning: from too rapid an infusion of nitroprusside |
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Methemeglobin:
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Methylene blue, vitamin C
(remember: METHylene blue for METHemeglobin) |
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Carbon Monoxide:
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100% O2, hyperbaric O2
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Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)
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Ethanol, dialysis, fomepizole
"Fomepizole is a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase" |
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Opioids:
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Naloxone/naltrexone
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Benzodiazepines:
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Flumazenil
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TCAs:
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NaHCO3 (to alkalinize plasma)
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Heparin:
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Protamine
(positively-charged "protons" bind negatively-charged heparin) |
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Warfarin:
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Vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma (more rapid action than vit K)
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tPA, streptokinase
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Aminocaproic acid
(analog of lysine, inhibits fibrinolysis by blocking Plasminogen activation to plasmin) |
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Theophylline
(a methylxanthine drug used in tx for asthma COPD, causes relaxed Bronchial smooth muscle, positive chronotrope and ionotrope, increased RBF) |
Beta-blocker
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Serotonin Syndrome:
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Cyproheptadine
(a first gen antihistamine with anti- 5HT1 and 5HT2 activity) |
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Rat Poison:
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Fresh Frozen Plasma
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Cisplatin - chemotherapy
("CisPlatinum" forms DNA cross-links |
Amifostine, a free-radical scavenging agent
Prevents nephrotoxicity, the main SE of cisplatin therapy. As does chloride diuresis (Cisplatin stays non-reactive in a high-chloride solution) |
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Doxorubicin (or any anthracycline) induced heart toxicity:
"doxorubicin rubs the heart the wrong way" |
Dexrazoxane
"Dex rescues from Dox" an iron-chelating agent |
