First Aid 2011 - Drug Reactions

Front 1

Pt has flushed cheeks and dilated pupils. Cause? Antagonism of muscarinic receptors. Drugs responsible?

Back 1

Atropine
TCAs (amitryptiline)
H1 Receptor antagonists (diphenhydramine)
Neuroleptics
Anti-Parkinson's Disease drugs

Front 2

Atropine-like side effects
(increased body temp from decreased sweating, rapid pulse, dry mouth, dry, flushed skin, cycloplegia, constipation, disorientation)

Back 2

TCAs

Remember atropine-like SEs
"Hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter"

Front 3

Coronary vasospasm:

Back 3

caused by Cocaine, sumatriptan

Front 4

Cutaneous flushing:

Back 4

VANC:
Vancomycin
Adenosine
Niacin
Calcium Channel blockers

Front 5

Dilated Cardiomyopathy:

Back 5

Doxorubicin

"doxorubicin rubs the heart the wrong way"

Front 6

Torsades de pointes:

Back 6

Class III and 1A antiarrhythmics

Class III: K+ channel blockers (amiodarone, sotalol, ibutilide, bretylium, dofetilide)

Class 1A: Na Channel blockers (quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide)

Front 7

Agranulocytosis:

Back 7

Clozapine, Carbamazepine, colchicine,

propylthiouracil and methimazole (anti-hyperthyroid),

dapsone

"Got leprosy? Dap some of this on"

Front 8

Aplastic anemia:

Back 8

Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouracil, methimazole

Front 9

Direct Coombs-Positive hemolytic anemia:

Back 9

Methyldopa

Front 10

Gray baby syndrome:

Back 10

Chloramphenicol

"ChlorampheniColored baby"

Front 11

Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency:

Back 11

Hemolysis IS PAIN

Isoniazid, Sulfonamides, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin

nitrofurantoin treats UTIs

Front 12

Megaloblastic anemia:

Back 12

Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drugs

Front 13

Thrombotic complications:

Back 13

OCPs (estrogen and progestins)

Front 14

Cough:

Back 14

ACE-Inhibitors

With ARBs, like Losartan, there's no cough

Front 15

Pulmonary fibrosis:

Back 15

Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan

Pulmonary fibrosis is a restrictive lung disease

Busulfan alkylates DNA. "Busulfan busts bone marrow" tx CML and to ablate bone marrow prior to transplant

Front 16

Acute Cholestatic Hepatitis:

Back 16

Macrolides--

Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin

Front 17

Hepatic necrosis:

Back 17

Halothane, valproate, acetominophen, α-amanitin (toxin from Amanita phalloides death cap mushroom)

Front 18

Hepatitis:

Back 18

Isoniazid

tx for tuberculosis

Front 19

Pseudomembranous colitis:

Back 19

Clindamycin, Ampicillin

"C. dif is AMP'd that you took ampicillin"

Front 20

Adrenocortical insufficiency:

Back 20

from glucocorticoid withdrawal

(due to HPA suppression from exogenous steroid therapy)

Front 21

Gynecomastia:

Back 21

Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers--

Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimetidine, Alcohol use (chronic), estrogens, Ketoconazole,

Front 22

Hot flashes:

Back 22

Tamoxifen, Clomiphen (blocks estrogen receptors in hypothalamus, purpose is to block negative feedback on GnRH to increase secretion in infertile patients to induce ovulation)

Front 23

Hypothyroidism:

Back 23

Lithium, amiodarone

Front 24

Gingival Hyperplasia:

Back 24

Phenytoin

Also causes Lymphadenopathy

Front 25

Gout:

Back 25

Furosemide, thiazide diuretics

Front 26

Osteoporosis:

Back 26

Corticosteroids, heparin

Front 27

Photosensitivity:

Back 27

Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline

Front 28

Rash (Steven's Johnson Syndrome)

Back 28

Ethosuximide, lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, sulfa drugs, penicillin, allopurinol

Front 29

SLE-like symptoms:

Back 29

Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Procainamide, Phenytoin

-it's not HIPP to have lupus

Front 30

Tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilize damage in kids

Back 30

Fluoroquinolones

Front 31

Fanconi's syndrome:

a disease of the proximal renal tubules of the kidney in which glucose, amino acids, uric acid, phosphate and bicarbonate are passed into the urine, instead of being reabsorbed

Back 31

Expired tetracycline

Front 32

Interstitial nephritis:

Back 32

Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide

Methicillin inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking (same as penicillin), used for non-MRSA S. Aureus

Front 33

Hemorrhagic cystitis:

Back 33

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevent ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis by coadministering mesna)

Front 34

Cinchonism:

the term for a quinine overdose

Back 34

Quinidine, quinine

Front 35

Diabetes insipidus:

Back 35

Lithium, demeclocycline

(Demeclocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic)

Front 36

Parkinson-like syndrome

Back 36

haloperidol, chlorpromazine, reserpine, metoclopramide (a D2 antagonist, used for anti-emesis)

Front 37

Seizures:

Back 37

Buproprion, impenem/cilastatin, isoniazid

Front 38

Tardive Dyskinesia:

Back 38

Antipsychotics

Front 39

Disulfiram-like reaction:

Back 39

Metronidazole , Cephalosporins, procarbazine, 1st-gen sulfonylureas (tolbutamide, chlorpropramide).

Front 40

Nephrotoxicity and Neurotoxicity:

Back 40

Polymixins

Front 41

Nephrotoxicity and Ototoxicity:

Back 41

Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin.

Front 42

P-450 Inducers:

Back 42

Carbamazepine, Phenobarbital, Phenytoin, Rifampin, Griseofulvin

Front 43

P-450 Inhibitors:

Back 43

Cimetidine, Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin, Azole antifungals, Isoniazid, Ritonavir (protease inhibitors), Grapefruit juice.