Fire Frv Rc 8

Front 1

What is vapour density?

Back 1

The weight of pure vapour or gas, relative to the weight of an equal amount of dry air at the same temperature and pressure.

Front 2

What is the vapour density of air?

Back 2

1

Front 3

If the vapour density of a gas is greater than 1 (eg: LPG 1.5), is it lighter or heavier than air?

Back 3

Heavier

Front 4

If the vapour density of a gas is less than 1, (eg: methane = 0.6) is it lighter or heavier than air?

Back 4

Lighter

Front 5

Does vapour density relate to water or gas?

Back 5

Gas

Front 6

What is specific gravity?

Back 6

The weight of a solid or liquid material, compared with the weight of an equal amount of water at the same temperature and pressure.

Front 7

Does specific gravity relate to water or gas?

Back 7

Water.

Front 8

What are the four stages of combustion?

Back 8

1. Incipient stage

2. Smouldering stage

3. Flame stage

4. Heat stage

Front 9

Define the incipient stage of combustion.

Back 9

Invisible products of combustion are given off. No smoke, flame or heat are present yet.

Front 10

Define the smouldering stage of combustion.

Back 10

Combustion products are now visible as smoke. Still no flame or heat present.

Front 11

Define the flame stage of combustion.

Back 11

Fire now exists. Heat still not yet present, but follows almost instantaneously.

Front 12

Define the heat stage of combustion.

Back 12

Uncontrolled heat and rapidly expanding air now complete the dangerous combination. Considerable heat is transferred into the atmosphere and nearby matter.

Front 13

What are the three basic components necessary for combustion?

Back 13

1. Oxygen

2. Heat

3. Fuel

Front 14

What is pyrolysis?

Back 14

Decomposition of a substance through the application of heat.

Front 15

What is ‘flashpoint’?

Back 15

The lowest temperature at which a liquid would give of enough vapour, so that on the application of a flame or spark (piloted ignition) the vapours will flash but not continue to burn.

Front 16

What is ‘flamepoint’? And what is it also sometimes called?

Back 16

It is the lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapour to ignite and continue to burn upon the application of a flame or spark (piloted ignition).

It is sometimes also referred to as ‘firepoint’.

Front 17

What is ‘auto-ignition temperature’?

Back 17

It is the minimum temperature required to cause self sustained combustion in any substance, in the absence of a spark of flame (non-piloted ignition).

Front 18

What is smoke?

Back 18

FUEL!!!

Front 19

What is the auto-ignition temperature of carbon monoxide?

Back 19

609 degrees Celsius

Front 20

Define heat flux.

Back 20

Heat flux is the rate at which heat is falling on, or passing through a surface.

Front 21

What are the four ways heat can be transferred?

Back 21

1. Conduction

2. Radiation

3. Convection

4. Direct burning

Front 22

What are the four ways heat can be transferred?

Back 22

1. Conduction

2. Radiation

3. Convection

4. Direct burning

Front 23

Briefly define thermal conduction.

Back 23

Thermal conduction is the transfer of heat through a solid material.

Front 24

What are the four ways heat can be transferred?

Back 24

1. Conduction

2. Radiation

3. Convection

4. Direct burning

Front 25

Briefly define thermal conduction.

Back 25

Thermal conduction is the transfer of heat through a solid material.

Front 26

Briefly define radiation.

Back 26

Radiation is heat transfer by the emission of electromagnetic waves.

Front 27

What are the four ways heat can be transferred?

Back 27

1. Conduction

2. Radiation

3. Convection

4. Direct burning

Front 28

Briefly define thermal conduction.

Back 28

Thermal conduction is the transfer of heat through a solid material.

Front 29

Briefly define radiation.

Back 29

Radiation is heat transfer by the emission of electromagnetic waves.

Front 30

Briefly define convection.

Back 30

Convention is heat transfer due to the mass movement of the heated molecules within a liquid or gas.

Front 31

Briefly define direct burning.

Back 31

Direct burning is the physical contact of a flame with fuel.

Front 32

What is the expansion ratio of water and steam at 100 degrees Celsius?

Back 32

1 : 1700

Front 33

What is the evasion ratio between water and steam at 450 degrees Celsius?

Back 33

1 : 3500

Front 34

What are the five considerations involved in conducting a size up?

Back 34

1. Facts - (what are the essential facts of the incident?)

2. Probabilities - (what are the probabilities of the incident?)

3. Own situation - (what resources do I have at my disposal)

4. Decision- (after taking the above into account,do you fight it or leave it?)

5. Plan of operation - (a SMART objective explains how to deal with the incident. That is, Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time framed.)

Front 35

RECEO is the primary action guide for all emergencies. What does it stand for?

Back 35

R- Rescue. (Protecting people.)

E- Exposures. (Protecting uninvolved property and environment outside the structure on fire.)

C- Containment. (Protecting uninvolved property within the structure on fire.)

E- Extinguishment. (Eliminating the fire.)

O- Overhaul. (Begin to restore normality to the scene.)

Front 36

What are the Classes of fire?

Back 36

A – Solids (wood, textiles, paper and many plastics

B – Liquids (oil, petrol, alcohol and solids – liquid form)

C – Gas (propane, and natural gas)

D – Metals (magnesium, aluminium, sodium and potassium

E – Electrical (hazard only)

F – Cooking oils

Front 37

Define Charles’ law.

Back 37

Charles’s Law states that gases expand when heated. Therefore, as fire gases increase in temperature, they increase in volume, filling the compartment.

With effective ‘gas cooling’ hose stream techniques, we can cool the hot fire gases causing them to contract maintaining visibility below the neutral plain

The gases will contract greater than the expansion of water to steam

Average atmospheric pressure, expansion ratio between water in its liquid state and steam (eater in the vapour state) is:

• 1:1700 at 100°C

• 1:3500 at 450°C

Front 38

What are the four stages of a compartment fire?

Back 38

1. Developing stage

2. Flashover stage

3. Fully development stage

4. Decay stage

Front 39

Define flashover.

Back 39

Flashover is accepted as the sudden and sustained transition from the developing stage to the fully developed stage of fire within a compartment.

Front 40

Define backdraught.

Back 40

Backdraft is the sudden introduction of oxygen into a burning room full of superheated unignited gas.

Front 41

Define fire gas ignition.

Back 41

Fire gas ignition is an event that occurs in a seperate compartment when fire gases areignited by sparks or embers.

Front 42

Define fuel controlled fire.

Back 42

Is a fire that has sufficient air to allow combustion as the development is determined by access to fuel.

Front 43

Define ventilation controlled fire.

Back 43

A ventilation controlled fire is afire that has access to enough fuel but is lacking air.

Front 44

Define direct extinguishment.

Back 44

Extinguishing agent is applied directly on to the burning fuel using a jet or spray.

Front 45

Define direct extinguishment.

Back 45

Extinguishing agent is applied directly on to the burning fuel using a jet or spray.

Front 46

Define indirect extinguishment.

Back 46

Indirect extinguishment is applying water spray onto super heated surfaces and/or overheated gases in a compartment to create a mass of stream that displaced the oxygen to smother the fire.

Front 47

Define gas cooling.

Back 47

Gas cooling techniques are used to control the fire fighting environment while firefighters advance during the fire attack or during search and rescue, by cooling hot fire gas below their auto ignition temperatures, firefighters can prevent fire spread and flashover.

Front 48

What does BSHAF stand for?

Back 48

Buildings (construction and materials)

Smoke (colour, concentration, neutral plane, volume and location)

Air track (velocity and direction)

Heat (blackening of windows, blistering of paintwork)

Flame (colour)

Front 49

What does BSHAF stand for?

Back 49

Buildings (construction and materials)

Smoke (colour, concentration, neutral plane, volume and location)

Air track (velocity and direction)

Heat (blackening of windows, blistering of paintwork)

Flame (colour)