Finals Set 3

Front 1

Chapter 17

Back 1

Loss Control:

Front 2

Because of its value to the affected property owners, loss control builds _________ within the community.

Back 2

Goodwill

Front 3

Two aspects of loss control

Back 3

1) Salvage
2) Overhaul

Front 4

Primary damage is that caused by the

Back 4

Fire

Front 5

Secondary damage is that caused by the

Back 5

Suppression activities

Front 6

The practice of minimizing damage and providing customer service through effective mitigation and recovery efforts

Back 6

1) Before
2) During
3) After an incident

Front 7

Consists of those operations involved in searching for and extinguishing hidden of remaining fires.

Back 7

Overhaul

Front 8

Do not start overhaul operations until the fire is

Back 8

1) Under control
2) The fire cause has been determined
3) Any evidence has been identified and protected

Front 9

What do businesses need the most protected in a fire?

Back 9

Accounts receivable
(Records are lost, most businesses even those fully insured - will never recover).

Front 10

Salvage operations can often be started at the _______ time as fire attack) if on-scene resources permit.

Back 10

Same

Front 11

If possible, group household furnishings in the ______ of the room

Back 11

Center

Front 12

Salvage covers:
These covers have reinforced corners and edge hems into which grommets are placed for

Back 12

Hanging or draping

Front 13

Salvage covers:
Synthetic covers are

Back 13

Lightweight

Front 14

Canvas salvage covers:
Should be completely dry before they are _______ and placed in service

Back 14

Folded

Front 15

Synthetic salvage covers do not require as much maintenance as

Back 15

Canvas ones

Front 16

For conducting salvage operations at a fire, salvage equipment should be located in a readily accessible area on the

Back 16

Apparatus

Front 17

These simple devices are designed to be driven into walls or wooden framing to provide a strong point from which to hang things.

Back 17

J-hooks

Front 18

Cannot be driven into walls or framing but must have a horizontal ledge (such as the top of a secure shelving unit or structural member) from which to hang.

Back 18

S-hooks

Front 19

Is the most common method for two firefighters to deploy a large salvage cover.

Back 19

Balloon throw

Front 20

Using a _______ is one of the most practical methods of removing water that comes through the ceiling from upper floors.

Back 20

Chute

Front 21

When objects or groupings are too large to be covered by a single cover, or when long chutes or catchalls need to be made, it will be necessary to ______ covers with water-tight joints.

Back 21

Splice

Front 22

One of the most common and most dangerous threats to firefighters during overhaul operations are the

Back 22

Toxic gases

Front 23

What tool is to be used:
Open ceilings to check on fire extension.

Back 23

Pike poles and plaster hooks

Front 24

The process of looking for fire extension should begin as soon as possible after the fire has been declared

Back 24

Under control

Front 25

Firefighters can often detect hidden fires by

Back 25

1) Sight
2) Touch
3) Sound
4) Electronic sensors

Front 26

Chapter 18

Back 26

Arson:

Front 27

Are the leading cause of fire loss, and they are the cause of one out of eight fire fatalities.

Back 27

Arson fires (also called incendiary fires)

Front 28

(1) A fire deliberately set under circumstances in which the responsible party knows it should not be ignited. (2) Relating to or involving a deliberate burning of property.

Back 28

Incendiary

Front 29

In most jurisdictions, the Fire _______ has the legal responsibility for determining the cause and origin of a fire.

Back 29

Chief

Front 30

First-arriving firefighters should make mental notes of the following:

Back 30

1) Vehicles and people present in the area
2) Status of doors and windows (locked or open)
3) Evidence of forced entry by anyone other than firefighters
4) Contents of the rooms - are they in usual order, ransacked, or unusually bare
5) Indications of unusual fire behavior or more than one point of origin

Front 31

In the early stages of a fire fighting operation, firefighters may have to make ________ of some important observations until they can report them.

Back 31

Mental notes

Front 32

Observations En Route:
People leaving the scene:

Back 32

Noticing people leaving the scene by vehicle or on foot may be an important observation to an investigation.

Front 33

Observations Upon Arrival:

Back 33

1) Wind direction and velocity
2) Doors or windows locked or unlocked
3) Burglary tools
4) Familiar faces

Front 34

Notice familiar faces in the crowd of bystanders - people who are seen at numerous fires in the area. They may be fire buffs, or they may be

Back 34

Habitual fire setters.

Front 35

Observations During Fire Fighting Operations:

Back 35

1) Unusual odors
2) Abnormal behavior of fire when water is applied
3) Obstacles hindering fire fighting
4) Incendiary devices
5) Trailers
6) Structural alterations

Front 36

Firefighters should not attempt to ____________ a potential arson suspect unless they are trained and authorized to do so.

Back 36

Interrogate

Front 37

Firefighters should refrain from expressing _________ opinions to anyone (even other firefighters)

Back 37

Personal

Front 38

A sufficient reply to any question concerning cause is

Back 38

The fire is under investigation

Front 39

After the investigator arrives, firefighters should make their _________ only to this individual.

Back 39

Statements

Front 40

If asked, each firefighter should write a ___________ account of important circumstances personally observed.

Back 40

Chronological

Front 41

Evidence presented by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in Question but heard about it from someone else.

Back 41

Hearsay

Front 42

The fire department has the authority to deny access to any building (even to the owner) during fire fighting operations and for a reasonable length of time after fire suppression is

Back 42

Terminated

Front 43

Once all fire personnel leave the scene, a search warrant or written consent to search will be __________ to reenter the premises.

Back 43

Required

Front 44

Fire personnel should not allow anyone to enter a fire scene without the investigator's permission, and if allowed in, an authorized individual should ________ the subject.

Back 44

Escort

Front 45

Keep a ________ log of anyone other than fire personnel who enters the scene during fireground operations or the investigation.

Back 45

Written

Front 46

Firefighters should protect any evidence they find by keeping it untouched and undisturbed until an _____________ arrives.

Back 46

Investigator

Front 47

If firefighters handle or procure evidence, they then become a link in the ______ of _______ for that evidence.

Back 47

Chain of custody

Front 48

__________ boxes placed over prints can prevent otherwise clear prints from being degraded before they are photographed or plaster casts made.

Back 48

Cardboard

Front 49

Chapter 20:

Back 49

Fire Prevention:

Front 50

To gather information or impart information.

Back 50

Survey

Front 51

To ensure compliance with applicable fire and life safety code requirements.

Back 51

Inspections

Front 52

A ___________ is a condition that increases the likelihood of a fire starting or would increase the extent or severity of a fire if one did start.

Back 52

Fire hazard

Front 53

Heat Source Hazards:
Materials being improperly stored can result in chemical heat energy. Materials may come in contact with each other and react (oxidizer and reducing agent), or they may decompose and generate heat.

Back 53

Chemical heat energy

Front 54

Heat Source Hazards:
Poorly maintained electrical appliances, exposed wiring, and lighting are sources of electrical heat sources.

Back 54

Electrical heat energy

Front 55

Heat Source Hazards:
Moving parts on machines, such as belts and bearings, are a source of mechanical heating.

Back 55

Mechanical heat energy

Front 56

Is a condition that is prevalent in almost all occupancies and increases the likelihood of a fire starting.

Back 56

Common fire hazard

Front 57

Is one that arises as a result of the processes or operations that are characteristics of the individual occupancy. Commercial, manufacturing, and public-assembly etc:

Back 57

Special fire hazards

Front 58

Special fire Hazards:
Manufacturing:

Back 58

1) High-hazard processes using volatile substances, oxidizers, or extreme temperatures
2) Flammable liquids in dip tanks, ovens, and dryers in addition to those used in mixing, coating, spraying, and degreasing processes
3) High-piled storage of combustible materials
4) Operation of vehicles, fork trucks, and other trucks inside buildings (use, storage, and servicing hazards)
5) Large, open areas
6) Large-scale use of flammable and combustible gases
7) Lack of automatic sprinklers or other fixed fire protection systems

Front 59

Special Fire Hazards:
Public Assembly:

Back 59

1) Lack of automatic sprinklers, detection systems, or fire notification systems
2) Large numbers of people present, perhaps exceeding posted occupant limits
3) Insufficient, obstructed, or locked exits
4) Materials stored in paths of egress
5) Highly combustible interior finishes
6) Inadequate or inoperative fire extinguishers
7) Inadequate or inoperative exit lighting

Front 60

Is any structure in which there is a greater-than-normal potential for the loss of life or property from a fire.

Back 60

Target hazard properties

Front 61

When performing any public fire prevention activity, firefighters should present a

Back 61

Well-groomed, neat appearance

Front 62

Uniforms should be _____ and in good condition.

Back 62

Clean

Front 63

Equipment Requirements:
Writing equipment:

Back 63

Tablet, pens, pencils, pencil sharpener, erasers, clipboard, and facility survey forms

Front 64

Equipment Requirements:
Drawing equipment:

Back 64

Engineering or graph paper, straightedge, and a copy of the NFPA standard symbols or those used by the organization

Front 65

Equipment Requirements:
Other equipment:

Back 65

Flashlight, water-pressure gauge, camera, and measuring tape or rangefinder

Front 66

Fire inspections must be conducted during ________ business hours.

Back 66

Normal

Front 67

Usually specify how fire inspections are to be conducted in various occupancies.

Back 67

Departmental standard operating procedures (SOPs)

Front 68

Inspection team looks for:
1) Access for fire apparatus and personnel to the structure and its fire protection equipment.
2) Building name and type of business
3) Emergency contact numbers for building owner/manager
4) Address numbers clearly visible from the street
5 Locations of fire department connections

Back 68

6) Cleanliness, maintenance, and good housekeeping
7) Portable fire extinguishers in place, properly mounted, operable, and unobstructed
8) Exits and exit passageways clear and unobstructed
9) Exit signs and emergency lighting operable
10) Flammable liquids and other hazardous materials properly stored
11) Sources of ignition properly isolated from combustible materials

Front 69

What are the 5 interpersonal skills?

Back 69

1) Communication
2) Mitigation
3) Facilitation
4) Negotiation
5) Mediation

Front 70

Preincident planning surveys allow firefighters to gather information about the structure under ideal conditions:

Back 70

When it is not on fire

Front 71

___________ can quickly and easily record a tremendous amount of information, especially if taken from more than one angle.

Back 71

Photographs

Front 72

On average, annual U.S. fire statistics show that more than _____ percent of all fires and the vast majority of civilian fire casualties occur in residences.

Back 72

70

Front 73

Residential fire safety survey

Back 73

1) Preventing accidental fires
2) Improving life safety conditions
3) Helping the owner or occupant to understand and improve existing conditions

Front 74

During a safety survey may be the best time for firefighters to do the following:

Back 74

Promote programs such as Exit Drills In The Home (EDITH)

Front 75

Some common fire causes involve the following:

Back 75

Untended candles

Front 76

Public Fire and Life Safety Education:
Techniques such as:

Back 76

Stop, drop, and roll or crawl low under smoke

Front 77

Accurate messages:
Any messages given, must be

Back 77

Accurate

Front 78

One of the most important of these methods is to present ___________ information.

Back 78

Positive

Front 79

Targeted Messages:
A single presentation will not _____ for all age or ethnic groups.

Back 79

Not work

Front 80

Basic Four-Step Method of Instruction:
The first step in making an effective presentation is preparation.

Back 80

Preparation (1st)

Front 81

___________ also involves motivating the audience to learn.

Back 81

Preparation

Front 82

The second step is to actually present facts and ideas to the audience. Demonstrating techniques etc

Back 82

Presentation (2nd)

Front 83

The participants are given the opportunity to use or apply the information that they have been presented.

Back 83

Application (3rd)

Front 84

Assessing or determining the effectiveness of the fire and life safety presentation or program and identifying parts of the program that need to be modified or improved.

Back 84

Evaluation (4th)

Front 85

Children have limited attention spans, so a presentation that takes ____ minutes or less is ideal.

Back 85

15

Front 86

Remain flexible when presenting information to young children because they may fidget or bring up

Back 86

Additional topics

Front 87

Get down to the children's eye level to build

Back 87

Rapport

Front 88

Fire Station Tours:
They are important opportunities to send a strong safety message and to

Back 88

Distribute fire and life safety awareness literature.