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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Scientific Method |
The pattern of investigation procedures |
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Dependent Variable |
What is being measured |
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Independent Variable |
What the experimenter changes |
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Constant |
What stays the same |
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Control |
Has nothing done to it |
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Volume |
The amount of space an object takes up |
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Mass |
Amount of matter in an object |
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Density |
The degree of compactness |
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Motion |
Described as a change in position, direction, and speed relative to another object |
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Speed |
is the distance an object travels per unit of time |
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Displacement |
the distance and direction of the object's change in position |
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Velocity |
The speed and direction of a moving object |
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Momentum |
property of a moving object that equals it's mass times it's velocity |
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Force |
push or pull on an object |
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Friction |
The force that opposes the sliding motion of two surfaces that are touching each other |
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Gravity |
an attractive force between any two objects that depends on the masses of the objects and distance between them |
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Weight |
The amount of quantity or heaviness or mass |
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Newton's 1st law |
an object moves at a constant speed unless an unbalanced force acts upon |
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Newton's 2nd law |
acceleration is in the same direction as the net force and is equal to net force exerted on it divided by mass |
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Newton's third law |
to every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. |
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Terminal Velocity |
The maximum speed an object will reach when falling through air |
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Work |
Force * Distance |
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Simple Machine |
Does work without only one movement from a machine |
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Compound Machine |
Combination of two or more simple machines |
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Energy |
Ability to cause change |
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Kinetic Energy |
Energy due to motion |
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Potential Energy |
Energy that is stored due to the interaction between objects. |
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Chemical Potential Energy |
Energy that is due to chemcial bonds |
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Gravitational Potential Energy |
Energy that is due to gravitational force between objects |
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Elastic Potential Energy |
Energy that is stored by compressing or stretching an object |
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Law of Conservation of Energy |
Energy cannot be created or destroyed |
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Power |
Rate at which energy is converted |
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Temperature |
The intensity of heat present in an object or substance |
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Specific Heat |
A substance's temperature change when that substance absorbs thermal energy |
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Conduction |
The passing of heat through touch |
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Convection |
The transfer of heat through gas or liquid |
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Radiation |
The transfer of heat through waves |
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Thermodynamics |
Thermal energy, heat, and work |
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1st Law of Thermodynamics |
The change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system |
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2nd Law of Thermodynamics |
Energy spreads from regions of higher concentrations to regions of lower concentration |
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Static Electricity |
Electricity produced by rubbing two objects together |
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Connductor |
A material that conducts electricity well |
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Insulator |
A material that does not conduct electricity well |
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Ohm's law |
The current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance Current(Amps)=Voltage/Resistance(ohms) |
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Series Circuit |
A circuit with only one branch for the electricity to travel through |
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Parrallel Circuit |
A circuit with more than one branch for the electricity to travel down |
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Electrical Energy |
Moves charged particles through wires |
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Magnetism |
Force that attracts metals and other magnets of the opposite poles |
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Magnetic Field, Pole, Domain |
Attractive area around a magnet, The strongest part of the magnet, and Region of magnetic material |
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Electromagnetic Force |
Interactions between electric charges and magnets |
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Solenoid |
A coil wrapped in a coil that produces magnetism |
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Electromagnet |
An electrically charged magnet |
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Galvonmeter |
Devices used to measure electric current |
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Electric Motor |
A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy |
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Direct Current |
Current that travels in one direction |
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Alternating Current |
Current that moves in a regular pattern back and forth |
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Population |
Number of all organisms in same species |
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Carrying Capacity |
The number of organisms that can be in the same group |
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Wave |
Repeating disturbances that travel through a medium |
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Transverse Waves |
Waves that travel at a right angle |
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Longitudinal Waves |
Waves that travel in the direction of the disturbance |
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Crest |
The high point of the wave |
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Trough |
The low point of a wave |
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Compressiom |
The more dense region of a longitudinal |
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Rarefraction |
The less dense region of a longitudinal |
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Wavelength |
The distance from point of a wave to another point just like it |
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Frequency |
How many waves past a fixed point in a certain amount of time |
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Period |
The time taken for one complete vibration |
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Amplitude |
The height of the wave from the disturbance |
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Refraction |
The bending of a wave as it passes through one medium to another |
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Diffraction |
When to change direction and bend around an object |
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Doppler Effect |
When pitch changes due to distance away from an object |
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Echolocation |
Bouncing waves against object and them coming back to find out where things are |
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Ultrasound |
Sounds above 20,000 hertz |
