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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A seed develops from a) a spore b) a fertilized ovule c) a microsporangium covered by integuments d) endosperm e) none of the above |
b) a fertilized ovule |
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Fern euphylls, also known as megaphylls, probably evolved from a) the leaves of mosses b) lycophylls c) branched stem systems d) modified roots e) none of the above |
c) branched stem systems |
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Which phylum among the plants listed is likely to have the largest leaves? a) liverworts b) hornworts c) mosses d) lycophytes e) pteridophytes |
e) pteridophytes |
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Plant photosynthesis transformed a very large amount of carbon dioxide into decay-resistant organic compounds, thereby causing a dramatic decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels during the geological period known as the a) Cambrian b) Ordovician c) Carboniferous d) Permian e) Pleistocene |
c) Carboniferous |
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A waxy cuticle is an adaptation that a) helps to prevent water loss from tracheophytes b) helps to prevent water loss from streptophyte algae c) helps to prevent water loss from bryophytes d) aids in water transport within the bodies of vascular plants e) does all the above |
a) helps to prevent water loss from tracheophytes |
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The seed plants are also known as a) bryophytes b) spermatophytes c) pteridophytes d) lycophytes e) none of these |
b) spermatophytes |
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Plants possess a life cycle that involved the alternation of two multicellular generations: the gametophyte and the a) lycophyte b) bryophyte c) pteridophyte d) lignophyte e) sporophyte |
e) sporophyte |
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A phylum whose members are also known as bryophytes is commonly known as a) liverworts b) hornworts c) mosses d) all of these e) none of these |
d) all of these |
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An important feature of land plants that originated during the diversification of streptophyte algae is a) the sporophyte b) spores, which are dispersed in air and coated with sporopollenin c) tracheids d) plasmodesmata e) fruits |
d) plasmodesmata |
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The simplest and most ancient phylum of modern plants is probably a) the pteridophytes b) the cycads c) the liverworts d) the angiosperms e) none of these |
c) the liverworts |
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What feature of domesticated grain crops might differ from those of wild ancestors? a) the degree to which ears shatter, allowing for seed dispersal b) grain size c) number of grains per ear d) softness and edibility of grains e) all the above |
e) all the above |
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Which type of plant secondary metabolite is best known for the antioxidant properties of human foods such as blueberries, tea, and grape juice? a) alkaloids b) cannabinoids c) carotenoids d) phenolics e) terpenoids |
d) phenolics |
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Flowers of the genus Fuchsia produce deep pink to red flowers that dangle from plants, produce nectar in floral tubes, and have no scent. Based on these features, which animal is most likely to be a coevolved pollinator? a) bee b) bat c) hummingbird d) butterfly e) moth |
c) hummingbird |
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What is a way in which flowers have diversified? a) color b) number of flower parts c) fusion of organs d) aggregation of inflorescence e) all the above |
e) all the above |
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The primary function of a fruit is to a) provide food for the developing seed b) provide food for the developing seedling c) foster pollen dispersal d) foster seed dispersal e) none of these |
d) foster seed dispersal |
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Which part of the flower receives pollen from the wind or a pollinating animal? a) perianth b) stigma c) filament d) pedicel e) ovary |
b) stigma |
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What similar features do gymnosperms and angiosperms possess that differ from modern vascular plants? a) gymnosperms and angiosperms both produce flagellate sperm b) gymnosperms and angiosperms both produce flowers c) gymnosperms and angiosperms both produce tracheids, but not vessels, in their vascular tissue d) gymnosperms and angiosperms both produce fruits e) none of these |
e) none of these |
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How long have modern and ancient groups of gymnosperms been important members of plant communities? a) 300,000 years b) 10,000 years c) 65 million years d) 100,000 years e) 300 million years, since the Coal Age |
e) 300 million years, since the Coal Age |
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Which sequence of critical adaptations reflects the order of their appearance in time? a) embryos, vascular tissue, wood, seeds, flowers b) vascular tissue, embryos, wood, flowers, seeds c) vascular tissue, wood, seeds, embryo, flowers d) seeds, vascular tissue, wood, embryos, flowers e) wood, seeds, embryos, flowers, vascular tissue |
a) embryos, vascular tissue, wood, seeds, flowers |
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What feature must be present for a plant to produce wood? a) a type of vascular tissue in which vascular bundles occur in a ring around pith b) a eustele c) a vascular cambium d) all the above e) none of the above |
d) all the above |
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Which of these are NOT the simples of land plants? a) mosses b) hornworts c) liverworts d) ferns e) none of the above |
d) ferns |
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In the Bryophytes, the flask shaped gametangia that each enclose a single egg are known as what? a) archegonia b) antheridia c) sporangia d) sporopollenin e) tracheid |
a) archegonia |
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Spherical or elongate gametangia that produce many sperm are known as what? a) archegonia b) antheridia c) sporangia d) sporopollenin e) tracheid |
b) antheridia |
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Bryophytes lack tissues that both provide structural support and serve in conduction of water and nutrients that are known as vascular tissues a) true b) false |
a) true (they are nonvascular) |
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Lycophytes and Pteridophytes are vascular plants a) true b) fals |
a) true (they are seedless, vascular) |
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Name the structure the arrow is pointing to |
sporangia |
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What is the name of this plant? |
lycopodium |
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Name this plant's scientific name |
psilum nudum |
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What are the structures the arrows are pointing to called? |
sporangia |
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What are the water conducting tissues called in vascular plants? |
xylem |
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Most vascular plants produce organs that are specialized for uptake of water and minerals from the soil. What are they called? a) tracheids b) phloem c) lignin d) roots e) stems |
d) roots |
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The surface tissue of vascular plant stems and leaves contain many small openings that open and close to take in carbon dioxide and release water and oxygen. These openings are called a) stroma b) stomata c) xylem d) phloem e) lignin |
b) stomata |
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Collectively, all of the living and fossil seed plant phyla are formal known as what? a) spermatophytes b) gametophytes c) angiosperms d) gymnosperms e) xerophytes |
a) spermatophytes |
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What is the name of the nutritive seed tissue that increases the efficiency with which food is stored in the seeds of flowering plants? a) microspores b) endosperm c) megaspores d) euphyll e) integument |
b) endosperm |
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Large leaves of ferns evolved from what? a) branched-stem systems b) euphylls c) microspores d) megaspores e) phloem |
a) branched-stem systems |
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What plant group produce the simplest and most ancient types of leaves? a) mosses b) liverworts c) lycophytes d) ferns e) gymnosperms |
c) lycophytes |
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A |
integument |
|
B |
endosperm |
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C |
embryo |
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The vascular tissue of pro gymnosperms was arranged in a ring around a central pith of nonvascular tissue. The ring of vascular tissue is called a) vessel b) ovule c) eustele d) pit e) pedicel |
c) eustele |
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The greatest diversity of gymnosperms occurred during the ____________ era a) Mesozoic b) Cenozoic c) Precambrian d) Paleozoic |
a) Mesozoic |
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Gymnosperms were thought to be a major source of food for plant-eating ______ during most of their history a) insects b) mammals c) dinosaurs d) birds e) mastadons |
c) dinosaurs |
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Which of these is NOT a cycad? a) Ginkgo biloba b) Zamia c) Encephalartos laurentianus d) Flase king sago palm e) Pinus ponderosa |
e) Pinus ponderosa |
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Coralloid roots are aboveground branching roots that resemble corals. What plants produce these roots? a) Pine trees b) Ginkgos c) cycads d) angiosperms e) mosses |
c) cycads |
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Which one of these is NOT a conifer seed? |
D (it's a legume fruit) |
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Which of these is NOT an example of a deciduous conifer? a) bald cypress b) tamarack c) dawn redwood d) pine |
d) pine (deciduous means sheds all its leaves at once in autumn) |
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Ephedra is a type of conifer belonging to the order _______. |
Gnetales |
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The term angiosperm comes from the Greek words meaning ________ ________. |
closed seed |
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________ and ________ are two of the defining features of angiosperms |
flowers and fruits (endosperm too, but it isn't visible so it's not one of the answers) |
|
50 |
pistil |
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51 |
stigma |
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52 |
style |
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53 |
ovary |
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54 |
stamen |
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55 |
anther |
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56 |
filament |
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57 |
petal |
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58 |
ovule |
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59 |
perianth |
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60 |
sepal |
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61 |
pedicel |
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Flowers that contain all four types of flower organs are known as a) incomplete flowers b) complete flowers c) perfect flowers d) imperfect flowers |
b) complete flowers |
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Flowers lacking one or more organ types are known as a) incomplete flowers b) complete flowers c) perfect flowers d) imperfect flowers |
a) incomplete flowers |
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Flowers that contain both stamens and carpels are described as a) incomplete flowers b) complete flowers c) perfect flowers d) imperfect flowers |
c) perfect flowers |
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Flowers lacking either stamens or carpels are known as a) incomplete flowers b) complete flowers c) perfect flowers d) imperfect flowers |
d) imperfect flowers |
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Monocots and eudictos are named for differences in the number of embryonic leaves called _______. |
cotyledons |
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Both stamen and carpels evolved from what? |
leaf-like structures |
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A monocot flower will have petals and sepals in multiples of ______. |
three |
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What animal would pollinate a white musky smelling flowering plant that bloomed only at night? |
bat |
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Flowers such as zinnias, with their showy petals and a central disk of narrow tubular flowers that produce nectar are probably pollinated by what animal? |
butterfly |
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Grasses are typically pollinated by what means? |
wind |
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A strawberry is what type of fruit? |
aggregate fruit |
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A pineapple is what type of fruit? |
multiple fruit |
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An apple is what type of fruit? |
pome |
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A pea or bean is what type of fruit? |
legume |
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A maple tree produces what type of fruit? |
dry winged |
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Capsaicin extracted from capsicum pepper is an example of what type of compound? |
phenolic |
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Caffeine produced by Coffea arabica is an example of a(n) ________. |
alkalois |
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Natural rubber is produced by the Hevea brasiliensis tree and is an example of a complex _________. |
terpenoid or terpene |
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Is the plant on the left a monocot or eudicot? |
monocot |
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Is the plant on the right a monocot or eudicot? |
eudicot |
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Plants have influenced animal evolution in a diversity-generating process known as ___________. |
coevolution |
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Bats- colorblind, goos sense of smell, active at night |
a |
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Birds- color vision, requires a perch, poor sense of smell |
c |
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Moths- active at night, good sense of smell, feed with long thin tongue |
e |
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Butterflies- good color vision, senses odors with feet, needs landing platform, long feeding tongue |
B |
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Bees- Color vision plus UV vision, good sense of smell, requires nectar and pollen |
D |
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Many of the plants of temperate forest produces fruits that are attractive to resident ______ by producing juicy sweeter fruits with small seeds that pass through the puts |
birds |
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What plant is considered one of the earliest cultivated food crops? |
wheat |
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About 9,000 years ago, people living in what is now Mexico domesticated a native grass known as teosinte. This plant is now called ________. |
maize |
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Domesticated __________ originated from ancestral wild species of grasses (Oryza nivara and Oryza rifipoon) |
rice |
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Many gymnosperms produce wood by means of a special tissue called _________ _________ |
vascular cambium |
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Conifers that live in cold climates display numerous adaptations for such an environment. Conifer leaves are usually ____________ or __________ shaped. |
needle-like or scale |
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Branches of conifers are _______ to allow the shedding of snow |
flexible |
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Conifers produce a waxy _______ to prevent water loss |
cuticle |
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Some conifers produce a __________ that deters insects and fungus |
(sticky) resin |
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What structure does this image show? |
tracheid |
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What is this arrow pointing to? |
pollen tube |
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Name this plant |
Equisetum |
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A compression and decay resistant waterproofing material found in vascular plants and is found in the cell walls of tracheids and some other types of plant cells is called __________. |
lignin |