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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The 2nd Continental Congress
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•The 2nd continental congress was in May of 1775, where representatives from twelve of the thirteen colonies met in Philadelphia
•The leaders of the congress gathered to decide how to act now that open hostilities had taken place •They decided not to break away from Britain, but made plans to organize and fund a Continental Army to defend the colonies •They chose Virginian George Washington, a well-respected veteran of the French and Indian war, as commander of the army •On July 5, the delegates signed the Olive branch petition, a peace request named for the olive branch, a traditional symbol of peace •A messenger sent the petition but by the time the petition reached the king, fighting had broken out and so the king rejected the petition |
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George Washington
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•The 2nd Continental COngress chose Virginian George Washington, a well-respected veteran of the French and Indian war, as commander of the Continental army
•he was chosen to recruit people to fight in the continental army •he first decided not to allow slaves to fight but then changed his mind when the british bribed the slaves to fight with them for their freedom |
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Common Sense
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•Common sense argued for the breaking away from great Britain, spread throughout the thirteen colonies, it was a best seller
•Common Sense was partly because Thomas Paine wrote as a common man to the common people unlike the lawyers who wrote pamphlets and books, this way, the common people could not understand this way of writing •His point of view at this time seemed radical •This was a turning point in changing many colonists attitudes towards Britain •Was one of the reasons the declaration committee wrote the declaration |
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Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation
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•It said that any slave can fight 4 the British in exchange for his own freedom
•In response, George Washington allowed slaves 2 fight |
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Marquis de Lafayette
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a 20-year-old who spoke little English, fought in battles, & gave $200,000 of his own money to the Patriot cause
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John Paul Jones
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•Aka father of the navy
•Said, “I have not yet begun 2 fight” |
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Francis Marion
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•Aka swamp fox
•Launched surprise attacks on the British communications and supply systems •Despite great effort, the British could not capture Marion and his men |
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Yorktown
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•In September, the Patriots and their French allies surrounded Cornwallis’s army with at least 16,000 soldiers, more than double the number of British forces
•The French nay also prevented any rescue of Cornwallis’s army form the siege @ Yorktown •on October the patriots prepared 4 an attack on Cornwallis’s weakened troops •Fearing a y defeat, Cornwallis surrendered on October 19, l781 •It was the last battle |
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Treaty of Paris
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•Borders: the great lakes to the north, the Mississippi river to the west, and 31 degrees north latitude to the south
•Delegates: John Jay, John Adams, Henry Laurens, and Ben Franklin •Lasted 2 years |
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Declaration of Independence
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•The committee of the declaration included John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert R. Livingstone
•The Declaration of Independence defined what colonists believed to be their rights, spelled out their complaints against Britain, and declared that the colonies were free and independent •The writer of the document also drew inspiration form Enlightenment philosophers who thought government was a social contract between the people and the ruler •On July 4,1776, the members of the Continental congress approved the declaration, dissolving all allegiance to the British crown and creating the USA |
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Battle of Saratoga
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•Patriots won
•Greatest victory up 2 that point 4 the American forces •Turning point of the war |
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"shot heard round the world"
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•70 minutemen prepared then went to Lexington meeting a much larger group of British soldiers
•The commander said, “Don’t fire unless fired upon. But if they mean to a war, let it begin here!” •Suddenly, a mysterious shot rang out and 2 this day, know knows who fired the first shot @ Lexington and is know as the shot heard round the world •When the smoke cleared, the badly outnumbered colonists suffered 8 and 10 wounded |
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what were the main things that influence the government?
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•Magna Carta
•Bill of RIghtsThomas Paine •John Locke •Baron de Montesquieu •New England Town Meeting •Virginia House of Burgesses •Mayflower Compact |
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What were the powers and weaknesses of the Articles of
Confederation? |
WEAKNESSES:
•Some leaders wanted more power •there was no federal executive/president/national court system •could not force states to contribute money or soldiers POWERS: •the congress would coin and borrow money •negotiate and make treaties with foreign nations •resolve conflicts between the states •could ask for money and soldiers from the states |
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The 2nd Continental Congress
|
•The 2nd continental congress was in May of 1775, where representatives from twelve of the thirteen colonies met in Philadelphia
•The leaders of the congress gathered to decide how to act now that open hostilities had taken place •They decided not to break away from Britain, but made plans to organize and fund a Continental Army to defend the colonies •They chose Virginian George Washington, a well-respected veteran of the French and Indian war, as commander of the army •On July 5, the delegates signed the Olive branch petition, a peace request named for the olive branch, a traditional symbol of peace •A messenger sent the petition but by the time the petition reached the king, fighting had broken out and so the king rejected the petition |
|
|
George Washington
|
•The 2nd Continental COngress chose Virginian George Washington, a well-respected veteran of the French and Indian war, as commander of the Continental army
•he was chosen to recruit people to fight in the continental army •he first decided not to allow slaves to fight but then changed his mind when the british bribed the slaves to fight with them for their freedom |
|
|
Common Sense
|
•Common sense argued for the breaking away from great Britain, spread throughout the thirteen colonies, it was a best seller
•Common Sense was partly because Thomas Paine wrote as a common man to the common people unlike the lawyers who wrote pamphlets and books, this way, the common people could not understand this way of writing •His point of view at this time seemed radical •This was a turning point in changing many colonists attitudes towards Britain •Was one of the reasons the declaration committee wrote the declaration |
|
|
Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation
|
•It said that any slave can fight 4 the British in exchange for his own freedom
•In response, George Washington allowed slaves 2 fight |
|
|
Marquis de Lafayette
|
a 20-year-old who spoke little English, fought in battles, & gave $200,000 of his own money to the Patriot cause
|
|
|
John Paul Jones
|
•Aka father of the navy
•Said, “I have not yet begun 2 fight” |
|
|
Francis Marion
|
•Aka swamp fox
•Launched surprise attacks on the British communications and supply systems •Despite great effort, the British could not capture Marion and his men |
|
|
Yorktown
|
•In September, the Patriots and their French allies surrounded Cornwallis’s army with at least 16,000 soldiers, more than double the number of British forces
•The French nay also prevented any rescue of Cornwallis’s army form the siege @ Yorktown •on October the patriots prepared 4 an attack on Cornwallis’s weakened troops •Fearing a y defeat, Cornwallis surrendered on October 19, l781 •It was the last battle |
|
|
Treaty of Paris
|
•Borders: the great lakes to the north, the Mississippi river to the west, and 31 degrees north latitude to the south
•Delegates: John Jay, John Adams, Henry Laurens, and Ben Franklin •Lasted 2 years |
|
|
Declaration of Independence
|
•The committee of the declaration included John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert R. Livingstone
•The Declaration of Independence defined what colonists believed to be their rights, spelled out their complaints against Britain, and declared that the colonies were free and independent •The writer of the document also drew inspiration form Enlightenment philosophers who thought government was a social contract between the people and the ruler •On July 4,1776, the members of the Continental congress approved the declaration, dissolving all allegiance to the British crown and creating the USA |
|
|
Battle of Saratoga
|
•Patriots won
•Greatest victory up 2 that point 4 the American forces •Turning point of the war |
|
|
"shot heard round the world"
|
•70 minutemen prepared then went to Lexington meeting a much larger group of British soldiers
•The commander said, “Don’t fire unless fired upon. But if they mean to a war, let it begin here!” •Suddenly, a mysterious shot rang out and 2 this day, know knows who fired the first shot @ Lexington and is know as the shot heard round the world •When the smoke cleared, the badly outnumbered colonists suffered 8 and 10 wounded |
