Final Study Guide

Front 1

Colle's Fracture

Back 1

Fractured wrist; occures @ lower end of radius when a person tries to stop a fall by landing on his/her hands.

Front 2

Spiral Fracture

Back 2

Occurs when bone has twisted apart such as in a sports injury.

Front 3

Potentiation

Back 3

A drug interaction that occurs when the effect of one drug increasesd by another drug, or treatment.

Front 4

Borborygmus

Back 4

The rumbling noise caused by movement of gas in the intestine.

Front 5

Hisuitism

Back 5

Excess body/facial hair on women in a male pattern.

Front 6

Alopecia Areata

Back 6

Autoimmune disorder that attacks hair follicles, causing well defined bald areas; often begins in childhood.

Front 7

Scabies

Back 7

Itch mite; infection which causes sm. itchy bumps/blisters due to mites that burrow into top layer of skin.

Front 8

Pediculosis

Back 8

Lice; infestation occures in three types: Capitus (head), Corpris (body), pubis (pubic)

Front 9

Cirrosis

Back 9

Progressive degenerative disease of the liver often caused by excessive alcohol consumption or Hep. B or C.

Front 10

Hepatitis

Back 10

Inflammation of the liver; 5 types A,B,C,D, & E

Front 11

Acne Vugaris

Back 11

Acne; Chronic inflammitory disease characterized by pustular eruptions of the skin caused by over production of sebum.

Front 12

Actinic Keratosis

Back 12

Precancerous skin growth that occurs sun-damaged skin; red, scaly patch that feels like sand paper.

Front 13

Strabismus

Back 13

Disorder in wich eyes point in different directions or not aligned properly.

Front 14

Astigmatism

Back 14

Condition which eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvature of the cornea.

Front 15

Genital Warts

Back 15

Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) Highly contageous.

Front 16

Chlamydia

Back 16

Chlamydia Trachomatis; most common STD, highly contageous, requires antibiotics.

Front 17

Diabetes Insipidus

Back 17

Insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone or by inability of kidneys to respond appropriately

Front 18

Diabetes Mellitus

Back 18

Group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.

Front 19

Necrotizing Faciitis

Back 19

severe infection caused by Group A strep bacteria.

Front 20

Aneurism

Back 20

Localized weak spot; balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery.

Front 21

Embolus

Back 21

Foreign object; such as a blood clot, qty of air or gas, or bit of tissue circulating in the blood.

Front 22

Meningitis

Back 22

Inflammation of the meninges of the brain & spinal cord; caused by bacterial infection or viral infection and can sometimes be fatal.

Front 23

Osteosarcoma

Back 23

Malignant tumor involving the upper shaft of long bones, pelvis, or knee.

Front 24

Chloecystitis

Back 24

Inflammation of the gall bladder, usually associated w/ gall stones that block the flow of bile.

Front 25

Arthrocentesis

Back 25

Surgical puncture of the joint space to removal of synovial fluid for analysis to determine cause of pain in joint.

Front 26

Sprain

Back 26

Injury to joint, usually involving stretching or torn ligament.

Front 27

Strain

Back 27

Injury to the body of the muscle or to the attachment of a tendon associated in overuse.

Front 28

Placenta Privia

Back 28

Abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus.

Front 29

Preclampsia

Back 29

Pregnancy induced hypertension; Toxemia; complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria.

Front 30

Atelectasis

Back 30

Collapse of part or all of a lung by blockage of the air passages or by shallow breathing.

Front 31

Empyema

Back 31

Collection of pus within a cavity

Front 32

Addison's Disease

Back 32

When adrenal glands don't produce enough cortisol and aldosterone; characterized by chronic, worsening fatigue, muscle weakness, loss of appetite, and weight loss.

Front 33

Cushing's Disease

Back 33

Hypercortisolism; caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol; "Moon-faced"

Front 34

Grave's Disease

Back 34

Auto immune disorder caused by hyperthyroidism; characterized by goiter and exophthalmus.

Front 35

Port Wine Stain

Back 35

Large reddish-purple discoloration of the face or neck that will not resolve without treatment.

Front 36

Strawberry Hemangioma

Back 36

Soft, raised, dark-reddish-purple birthmark; benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels; often resolve by the age of 5 without treatment.

Front 37

Macular Degeneration

Back 37

Gradually progressive condition which the macula at the center of the retina is damaged, resulting in the loss of central vision, but NOT total blindness.

Front 38

Amblyopia

Back 38

Dimness of vision or partial loss of sight, especially in one eye, without detectable disease.

Front 39

Reye's Syndrome

Back 39

Potentially serious or fatal disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting & confusion; usually follows a viral illness in which child was treated with aspirin.

Front 40

Peripheral Neuropathy

Back 40

Peripheral neuritis; produces pain, loss of sensation, and inability to control muscles in arms and legs.

Front 41

Hyperesthesia

Back 41

Condition of abnormal & excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli.

Front 42

Fistula

Back 42

Abnormal passage, usually between 2 organs, or leading from an organ to the surface of the body; due to surgery, injury, or the draining of an abscess.

Front 43

Fissure

Back 43

Groove or crack-like sore of the skin; also describes normal folds in the contours of the brain.

Front 44

Positron Emission Tomography

Back 44

(PET) combines tomography with radionuclide tracers to produce enhanced images of selected body organs

Front 45

Carpal Tunnel

Back 45

Narrow, boney passage under carpal ligament 1/4" below inner surface of wrist;the condition is the result of over use of said area and becomes inflamed/swollen.

Front 46

Infectious Myringitis

Back 46

A contageous inflammation that causes painful blisters on the eardrum; associated with middle ear infection.

Front 47

Eustachitus

Back 47

Salpinitis; inflammation of the eustachian tube.

Front 48

Hallucination

Back 48

A sensory perception experianced in the abscence of an external stimulation.

Front 49

Delusion

Back 49

A false personal belief despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary; the belief is not one ordinarily accepted by others.

Front 50

Ischemic Stroke

Back 50

Occurs when the flow of blood from the brain is blocked by maybe, the narrowing of carotid artery, or by cerebral thrombosis; Most common stroke in the elderly.

Front 51

Spasmatic Torticullis

Back 51

Wryneck; stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side.

Front 52

Debridement

Back 52

Removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue, & cellular debris from a wound to prevent infection & promote healing.

Front 53

Cystocele

Back 53

Fallen bladder; a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall.

Front 54

Vesicovaginal Fistula

Back 54

An abnormal opening between the bladder & vagina that allows the constant flow of urine from the bladder to the vagina.

Front 55

Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Back 55

Preleukemia; a group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of 1 or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow.

Front 56

Pia Mater

Back 56

3rd layer of meninges; located nearest to the brain & spinal cord; consists of delicate connective tissue that contains a rich supply of blood vessels

Front 57

Dura Mater

Back 57

Thick, tough outermost membrane of the meninges.

Front 58

Precutaneous Nephrolithostomy

Back 58

Surgical procedure to remove stones from the kidney by a small puncture through skin.

Front 59

Basal Carcinoma

Back 59

Malignant tumor of the basal layer of the skin;most common, least harmful, slow growing, & rarely spreads; occurs mainly on the face and neck and bleeds easily.

Front 60

Squamous Carcinoma

Back 60

Malignant tumor of the scaly squamous cells in skin; can quickly spread to other body systems; skin lesions will not heal & have crusted look.

Front 61

Orthostatic Hypotension

Back 61

Postural hypotension; low blood pressure occurring upon standing up.

Front 62

Myopia

Back 62

Nearsightedness; A defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina; common around puberty.

Front 63

Hyperopia

Back 63

Farsightedness; A defect in which light rays focus beyond the retina; occurring in childhood, but causes difficulty after the age of 40.

Front 64

Bruit

Back 64

Abnormal sound heard during auscultaion of an artery; these sounds are usually due to partially blocked or narrowed, or diseased artery.

Front 65

Rhoncus

Back 65

Wheezing; Abnormal sound heard while listening to the chest during inspiration, expiration, or both.

Front 66

Ectopic Pregnancy

Back 66

Extrauterine pregnancy; A potentially dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted & begins to develop outside of the uterus.

Front 67

Menopause

Back 67

The normal termination of menstrual function.

Front 68

Perimenopause

Back 68

The transition phase between regular periods and no periods at all.

Front 69

Ascultation

Back 69

Listening to sounds within the body and usually performed with a stethoscope

Front 70

Talipes

Back 70

Any congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus.

Front 71

Vasovasotomy

Back 71

Vasectomy reversal

Front 72

Lupus Erthmatosus

Back 72

Lupus; An autoimmune disorder characterized by a red, scaly rash on the face and upper trunk.

Front 73

Singultus

Back 73

Hiccups; Myoclonus of the diaphragm causing the "hiccup" sound with each spasm.

Front 74

Laceration

Back 74

Torn or jagged wound or accidental cut wound.

Front 75

Lesion

Back 75

A pathological change of tissues due to disease or injury.

Front 76

Purulent

Back 76

Producing or containing pus.

Front 77

Pyrosis

Back 77

Heartburn; Discomfort due to regurgitation of stomach acid upward into esophagus.

Front 78

Lyme's Disease

Back 78

Caused by the spirochete "Borrelia Burgdorferi", it is transferred to humans by the bite of an infected deer tick.

Front 79

Cateracts

Back 79

Loss of transparency of the lens that causes a progressive loss of visual clarity.

Front 80

Glaucoma

Back 80

Group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure that causes damage to the retinal nerve and optic nerve

Front 81

Contracture

Back 81

Permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments or skin elastic-like tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues.

Front 82

Adhesion

Back 82

A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally; forms in muscles or internal organs as a result of injury or surgery.

Front 83

Varicele

Back 83

A knot of varicose veins in one side of the scrotum.

Front 84

Esophageal Varicies

Back 84

Enlarged/swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus; severe bleeding occures if one of these veins ruptures.