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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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First Law of Thermodynamics |
Energy CANNOT be created nor destroyed Energy(in) = Energy(out) Q(H) = U2 - U1 + W Q: flow of heat U: internal energy W: work |
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Work |
Moving a mass against a resisting force |
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Power |
the rate of doing useful work |
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Heat |
Energy in motion from one region to another (Result of temperature difference) |
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Specific Heat Capacity |
Amount of heat required to change a substance by 1 degree temp. |
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Enthalpy |
Total Energy of a system H(change) = mcpT(change) H: enthalpy m: mass cp: heat capacity T: change in temp. |
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Entropy |
A measure of randomization or disorder |
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Thermal Units of Energy (1 cal = ???) |
1 cal = 4.186 J |
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Conduction |
Transfer of heat through material |
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Covection |
Transfer of thermal energy by means of large-scale fluid motion (i.e. flowing river, aquifer, windblowing) |
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Radiation |
Heat transferred via electromagnetic radiation |
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2nd Law of Thermodynamics : Entropy |
Energy flows from a region of higher energy to lower energy |
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Ideal Gas Law |
PV = nRT P:absolute pressure(kPa, atm) V: volume(L) n: mass (moles) R: gas constant (8.3143 , .082056) T: temp. (K) |
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Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure |
Total Pressure exerted by a mixture of gases equal the sum of each type if it occupied the container alone.
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Sustainability |
Meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability for the future needs |
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Impact Equation |
I = P x A x T I: impact P: population A: Productivity T: impact per goods being used |
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Green Engineering |
Utilization of technology and engineering practices to address issues of environmental sustainability. -Reducing pollution at the source -Minimizing the risk to human health and enviroment |
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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) |
Environmental impacts associated with all stages of a product's life |
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LCA Framework : life cycle stages of a system (6 stages) |
1. Raw material (extraction) 2. Material Processing 3. Component Production and Assembly 4. Distribution 5. Use stage 6. End of Life Stage |
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Scope (of LCA) |
Provides a description of the product system in terms of the system boundaries and a functional unit. |
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Life Cycle Assessment : Functional Unit |
- The service that the product provides -Important basis that enables alternative goods, or services |
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Steps of Impact Assessment (7 steps) |
1. Selection 2. Classification 3. Characterization 4. Normalization 5. Grouping 6. Weighing 7. Data Quality Check |
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Selection |
determine relevant impact categories, category indicators, and characterization models |
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Classification |
Assignment of life cycle inventory results |
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Characterization |
Calculation of category indicator results |
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Normalization |
Calculation of Magnitude relative to reference information |
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Grouping |
Assign impact to similar impacts |
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Weighing |
Assignment of relative values to different impacts, allowing integration across all impact categories |
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Data Quick Check |
Analysis of the significance, uncertainty and sensitivity of LCIA results |
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Purpose of Finance |
-Objective to maximize the current value of shareholder wealth -Time and Uncertainty are the two main components of finance |
