Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
EEG sleep waveforms
|
BATS Drink Blood (beta, alpha, theta, sleep spindles/K complexes, delta, beta)
|
|
|
Low frequency high amplitude sleep stage
|
N3
|
|
|
How to differentiate new strand vs old during DNA replication?
|
adenine methylation
|
|
|
ADPKD chromosome
|
16
|
|
|
APC chromosome
|
5
|
|
|
Huntingtons chromosome
|
4
|
|
|
Cf chromsome
|
7
|
|
|
Robertsonian translocation
|
2 accentric chromosomes fuse long arms (lose short arms)
|
|
|
Hemolytic anemia and posterior column degenerations
|
vitamin e deficiency
|
|
|
Transcription factor motifs
|
zinc fingers
|
|
|
GTP uses (2)
|
protein synthesis and PEP carboxykinase
|
|
|
NADPH used in?
|
steroid/cholesterol/fatty acid synthesis, respiratory burst, P450 system, glutathione reductase
|
|
|
Lactose broken down to?
|
galactose vis b-galactosidase (lactase)
|
|
|
Tremor, slurred spech, somnolence, cerebral edema, blurry vision
|
ammonia intoxication
|
|
|
PKU tx
|
no phenylalanine, more tyrosine
|
|
|
AA for Nitric oxide?
|
arginine
|
|
|
Hartnup disease tx
|
niacin
|
|
|
hypoglycemia with cardiomegaly vs hypoketonia with cardiomegaly
|
Pompes vs LCAD deficiency
|
|
|
Esterfication of cholesterol
|
LCAT
|
|
|
Cholesterol ester transfer
|
CETP
|
|
|
LPL deficiency
|
hyperchylomicronemia
|
|
|
Absent LDL receptors
|
hypercholesterolemia
|
|
|
Overproduction of VLDL
|
hypertryglyceridemia
|
|
|
MTP mutation with low cholesterol
|
abetalipoproteinemia
|
|
|
Toxin destroying cytoskelton
|
C diff B toxin
|
|
|
N meningiditis virulence factor
|
LOS
|
|
|
Nematodes (intestinal) tx
|
bendazole (entorobius, ascaris, strongyloides, ancylostoma, necator)
|
|
|
Onchocerca volvulus tx
|
Ivermectin
|
|
|
Loa loa/ bancrofti tx
|
bdiethylcarbamazine
|
|
|
Taenia/diphyllobothrium tx
|
Praziquantel
|
|
|
Schistosoma/clonorchis tx
|
praziquantel
|
|
|
Hanta vs Lass virus groups
|
Bunya vs Arena
|
|
|
Hep A C E virus groups
|
picrona, flavi, calci (hepe)
|
|
|
Ampiciliin covergae
|
HELPSS (h flu, e coli, listeria, proteus, salmonella, shigella)
|
|
|
HLA DQ2/DQ8
|
celicac
|
|
|
HLA DR2
|
MS, SLE, goodpastures
|
|
|
HLA D3
|
DM 1, Graves
|
|
|
HLA D4
|
RA, DM1
|
|
|
HLA DR5
|
PA, hashimotos
|
|
|
Lectin complement pathway starts on?
|
mannose on microbe surface (C4 starts)
|
|
|
Alternative pathway starts with?
|
microbe surface molecules (C3 starts)
|
|
|
RA/SLE HS type
|
3
|
|
|
Hashimotos/GB HS type
|
4
|
|
|
Anti-smooth muscle antibodies
|
autoimmune hepatitis
|
|
|
Anti-glutamate decarboxylase antibodies
|
DM 1
|
|
|
Cardiovacular shock
|
low-output high TPR, cold
|
|
|
Septic shock
|
high ouput, low TPR, hot
|
|
|
Rolling
|
Selectins to Silay Lewis
|
|
|
Tight binding
|
ICAM to LFA (integrin)
|
|
|
Inotropy vs chronotropy
|
contractility vs HR
|
|
|
U wave vs tented T wave
|
hypo vs hyper kalemia
|
|
|
ANP effect on renal vasculature
|
constrict efferent dilate afferent
|
|
|
Sympathetic activity in CHF
|
increased (renin release-> edema)
|
|
|
Drug that upregulates LPL
|
Fibrates
|
|
|
Gynecomastia drugs
|
spironolactone, digoxin, cimetidine, alcohol, ketoconazole
|
|
|
cAMP pathway users
|
FLAT ChAMP + glucagon/calcitonin
|
|
|
IP3 users
|
GGOAT + hostamine/gastrin
|
|
|
Steroid receptor users
|
VETTT CAP
|
|
|
Hormone decreasing all GI secretions
|
somatostatin
|
|
|
Why is oral glucose load more rapidly absorbed?
|
GIP responds to roal glucose
|
|
|
Gallstone enzyme
|
7-a-hydroxylase
|
|
|
Carcinoid tumor stain
|
chromogranin
|
|
|
D2 agonist anti emetic
|
prochloroperazine (diabetic heartburn)
|
|
|
PNH tx
|
eculizumab
|
|
|
Blood transfusion hypocalcemia
|
citrate chelates calcium
|
|
|
Cladribine treats?
|
hairy cell
|
|
|
Doxorubicin tox tx
|
dexrazoxane
|
|
|
B-Raf melanoma tx
|
vemurafenib
|
|
|
anti VEGF antibody
|
bevacizumab
|
|
|
Bone replaced by fibroblasts/collagen/irregilar trabeculae
|
polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (mccine-albright)
|
|
|
Double bubble boen tumor
|
giant cell (epiphysis)
|
|
|
DIP involvement
|
Osteoarthritis
|
|
|
Hairy leukoplakia virus
|
EBV
|
|
|
PGI function
|
lowers platelet agrregation and SM tone
|
|
|
Alar vs Basal plate
|
sensory vs motor
|
|
|
Leptin stimulates?
|
ventromedial hypothalamus
|
|
|
Common pineal tumor
|
germinoma (precocious puberty)
|
|
|
Apo E4 vs E2 in alzheimers
|
Late onset vs protective (both Ch 19)
|
|
|
alzheimers amyloid
|
a-beta
|
|
|
Opoids mechanism
|
open K channels, close Ca channels
|
|
|
Short acting Benzos
|
MOAT
|
|
|
High lipid and blood solubility
|
high potency, low MAC, slow induction
|
|
|
Low blood and lipid solubility
|
fast induction, low potency
|
|
|
Atypical prolonging QT
|
ziprasidone
|
|
|
Lithium excretion
|
renal (coupled with Na excretion)
|
|
|
Most common renal obstruction site
|
uteropelvic junction
|
|
|
Insulin affect on K
|
shifts into cells (hypokalemia)
|
|
|
Cell that secrets hCG in placenta
|
syncytiotrophoblasts
|
|
|
Paramesonephric vs mesonephric
|
reamle vs male
|
|
|
Theca cell vs granulosa cell
|
androstenedione vs estrogen secretion
|
|
|
Polyhydramnios causes
|
GI atresia or anencephaly
|
|
|
Preeclampsi death
|
cerbral hemorrhage and ARDS
|
|
|
PCOS tx for pregnancy
|
clomiphene (estrogen agonist)
|
|
|
Tumor assc. with Turners
|
dysgerminoma
|
|
|
Bilateral breast carcinoma
|
invasive lobular
|
|
|
PCOS cause
|
deranged synthesis of steroids by theca cells
|
|
|
Mutation in primary pulmonary HTN
|
BMPR2
|
|
|
Minimum work of breathing for obstructive lung disease at
|
low RR and high tidal volume (slow/deep breaths)
|
|
|
Timeframe for red vs gray hepatazation
|
2-3 days vs 4-6 days
|
|
|
1st gen H1 blockers
|
Diphenhydramine, di menhydrinate, chlorpheniramine, promethazine, hydroxyzine (CHiPeDD)
|
