Final Omm Test - Pregnancy, Peds, Cranial

Front 1

How do facilitated segments affect your treatment?

Back 1

They will be resistant to OMT

Front 2

Effect on inflammation on primary respiratory mechanism (cranial impulse)

Back 2

Decrease rate and amplitude

Front 3

C2 facilitation is associated with dysfunction on the same or opposite side?

Back 3

Same

Front 4

Where is the sensory gangion of the vagus nerve?

Back 4

Jugular foramen

Front 5

Nearly all acutely ill patients warrant OMM treatment of what area?

Back 5

Thorax

Front 6

Inhalation dysfunction at bases of along + SOB + crackles = ?

Back 6

CHF

Front 7

Four dysfunctions associated with a tense respiratory diaphragm

Back 7

Inferiorly displaced 12th rib, flattened lumbar spine, pelvic diaphragm rsitrction, psoas tension

Front 8

Frequency that hospitilized patients should receive OMM treatment

Back 8

Short treatments 1-3 times per day

Front 9

Factor which can exacerbate torticollis dysfunciton

Back 9

Prolonged/difficult labor

Front 10

Risk factors for torticollis

Back 10

Primiparous, LGA, male, breech, multiple births, uterine abnormalities

Front 11

Primary direction of home stretches done for torticollis

Back 11

Rotational

Front 12

For at home torticollis, emphasize to parents to do ??? while rotating neck

Back 12

Hold shoulders down

Front 13

Type of cranial strain seen in torticollis

Back 13

Lateral

Front 14

With torticollis, ipsilateral ear will be?

Back 14

Anterior

Front 15

Conditions which have increased in frequency since "back to sleep" compaign

Back 15

Plagiocephaly and torticollis

Front 16

OMM treatments to prevent plagiocephaly

Back 16

Decompress condyles and cranial base, lift sphenoid, balance sacrum and occiut

Front 17

Ways to position baby to prevent plagiocephaly

Back 17

Tummy time, alternate head position

Front 18

Effect of pregnancy on tidal volume and minute ventilation

Back 18

Increased (respiratory rate unchanged)

Front 19

Effects of early and late pregnancy on cervical spine

Back 19

Early - slight elongation. Late - increased kypholordotic strain at cervicodorsal junction

Front 20

Effects of early and late pregnancy on pelvis

Back 20

Early - posterior rotation. Late - anterior tilt, pressure on pubis

Front 21

Sacral nutation induced: early or late pregnancy?

Back 21

Late

Front 22

Altered head angle: early or late pregnancy?

Back 22

Late

Front 23

Stretch in diaphragm and thoracic inlet compression: early or late pregnancy?

Back 23

Late

Front 24

Contraction in rectus abdominis: early or late pregnancy?

Back 24

Early

Front 25

Effect of pregnancy on SI joint mobility?

Back 25

Increased (relaxin)

Front 26

Three GI problems in pregnancy

Back 26

Nausea, constipation, reflux esophagitis

Front 27

Levels for sympathetic innervation of fallopian tubes and vagina

Back 27

T11-12

Front 28

Levels for sympathetic innervation of uterus and cervix

Back 28

T10-L2

Front 29

Uterine contraction: sympathetic or parasympathetic

Back 29

Sympathetic

Front 30

Decreased uterine pain threshold: sympathetic or parasympathetic

Back 30

Sympathetic

Front 31

Decreased cervix pain threshold: sympathetic or parasympathetic

Back 31

Parasympathetic

Front 32

Uterine relaxation: sympathetic or parasympathetic

Back 32

Parasympathetic

Front 33

Chapman points for uterus

Back 33

IT band, anterior pubic bone, transverse process of L5

Front 34

Chapman points for ovaries

Back 34

Ramus of pubic bone and transverse process of T10

Front 35

Chapman point for fallopian tubes

Back 35

PSIS

Front 36

Chapman points for vagina

Back 36

Sacral base, medial posterior thigh

Front 37

Chapman points for broad ligamanet

Back 37

IT band, sacral base

Front 38

Reasons for GERD in pregnancy

Back 38

Gastroesophageal junction angle changed, placenta secretes gastrin

Front 39

Reason for feeling of breathlisness in pregnancy

Back 39

Decrease in function residual capacity

Front 40

Key areas to treat to avoid decreased venous return problems in pregnancy

Back 40

Diaphragm, thoracic inlet

Front 41

Effect of pregnancy on coaguability

Back 41

Increased (extra clotting factors)

Front 42

Cranial technique contraindicated in pregnancy

Back 42

CV4 (can induce labor)

Front 43

Explain the mast and stay phenomenon in pregnancy

Back 43

Erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, and iliopsoas increase activity/tension to act as "stays" which hold the spine ("mast") upright

Front 44

"Major" transition zone for resistance of gravity

Back 44

L5-S1

Front 45

What allows more resistance to gravity: transition zones or mast & stay arrangement?

Back 45

Transition zones (10x)

Front 46

"Main stay" in the mast and stay system

Back 46

Iliopsoas

Front 47

In pregnancy, paraspinal muscles ____________ and abdominal muscles __________

Back 47

Paraspinal = shorten, Abdominal = stretch/weaken

Front 48

Muscle whose weakness is a major contributing factor of low back pain in pregnancy? What test would you use to assess?

Back 48

Iliopsoas; Thomas test (can be modified to lateral recumbant)

Front 49

Purpose of knee chest position in pregnancy

Back 49

Relieve drag onto sacrum from uterosacral ligaments

Front 50

Name some contraindications for OMM during pregnancy

Back 50

Threatened abortion, ectopic, placenta previa, placental abruption, pre-term labor, prolapsed umbilical cord, severe eclampsia

Front 51

Two ways to treat/prevent supine maternal hypotension syndrome

Back 51

Elevate right buttocks, manually distract uterus to the left

Front 52

OMM to do during labor?

Back 52

Innominate, pubes, sacrum, T10-L2, CV4

Front 53

Does birthing encourage anterior or posterior movement of the sacral base?

Back 53

Anterior

Front 54

Giving birth: associated with cranial flexion or cranial extension

Back 54

Cranial extension

Front 55

Why is it important to treat somatic dysfunctions in first few weeks post-partum?

Back 55

Relaxin is still circulating. After that stops dysfunctions become more locked

Front 56

Muscle attached to sacrum that should be treated postpartum

Back 56

Piriformis

Front 57

Reason for pectoralis lift postpartum

Back 57

Decrease lymphatic congestion, increase flow to breasts

Front 58

Pregnancy OMM contraindication that Fotop mentioned specifically

Back 58

Placental previa

Front 59

Technique which pumps fascia of eustachian tube

Back 59

Galbreath

Front 60

Pronation maneuver to fix nursemaid's elbow

Back 60

Simulataneous elbow extension + pronation, followed by forearm flexion (while still pronated)

Front 61

Supination maneuver to fix nursemaid's elbow

Back 61

Simulataneous supination /extension or forearm, followed by flexion (still supinated)

Front 62

Normal rate of CRI?

Back 62

8-12 or 10-14 cycles per minute (depending on text)

Front 63

Three causes of increased CRI rate?

Back 63

Fast metabolism, acute infection, vigorous exercise

Front 64

Three causes of decreased CRI rate?

Back 64

Slow metabolism, chronic infection, fatigue

Front 65

Three causes of low CRI amplitude?

Back 65

Aging, dural tension, sphenobasilar synchrondrosis (SBS) compression

Front 66

Cause of high CRI amplitude?

Back 66

Increased intracranial pressure

Front 67

Relationship between the anatomically motion of sphenoid versus occiput during normal cranial motion?

Back 67

Always opposite (one flexes while other extends)

Front 68

How do you name cranial extension versus flexion?

Back 68

By motion of the sphenoid (flexing during cranial flexion and vice versa)

Front 69

Relationship between motion of the occiput versus the sacrum?

Back 69

The same (both flexing or extending)

Front 70

List the five rules of cranial motion:

Back 70

Midline bones follow flexion/extension, paired bones follow internal/external rotation, sacrum follows occiput, temporals follow occiput, facial bones follow the sphenoid

Front 71

Frontal and mandible are ___________ bones

Back 71

PAIRED

Front 72

Occiput is low. Temporal bone is ?

Back 72

Externally rotated

Front 73

Is the sacrum considered a midline or paired cranial bone?

Back 73

Midline

Front 74

Name three paired cranial bones

Back 74

Frontal, parietal, temporal

Front 75

Name four midline cranial bones

Back 75

Sphenoid, occiput, ethmoid, sacrum

Front 76

Name a midline facial bone

Back 76

Vomer

Front 77

Name six paired facial bones

Back 77

Maxilla, zygoma, lacrimal, nasal, palatines, mandible

Front 78

Two cranial nerve foramen which can be affected by SCM dysfunction? Why?

Back 78

Jugular or stylomastoid. Mastoid process attaches to temporal bone

Front 79

Bones making up the jugular foramen?

Back 79

Temporal and occiput

Front 80

What bone is the internal acoustic meatus in?

Back 80

Temporal

Front 81

Cranial OMM cause of dizziness, tinnitus, or vertigo

Back 81

Temporal bone dysfunction

Front 82

Characterize the anatomical movements of the sphenoid, occiput, and sacrum during cranial flexion

Back 82

Sphenoid flexes; occiput and sacrum extend

Front 83

Characterize the anatomical movements of the sphenoid, occiput, and sacrum during cranial extension

Back 83

Sphenoid extends; occiput and sacrum flex

Front 84

Change in transverse and A/P cranial diameters with cranial flexion?

Back 84

Transverse increased, A/P decreased

Front 85

Change in transverse and A/P cranial diameters with cranial extension?

Back 85

Transverse decreased, A/P increased

Front 86

Movement in paired and midline bones during cranial flexion?

Back 86

Paired bones externally rotate, midline bones flex

Front 87

Basi-occiput, sacral base, sphenoid, and foramen magnum findings during cranial flexion

Back 87

Basi-occiput - Anterior/superior, sacral base - posteiror, sphenoid - anteriorly rotated, foramen magnum - moves superiorly

Front 88

Motion of innominates during cranial flexion?

Back 88

Externally rotate

Front 89

Are eyes receded in cranial flexion or extension?

Back 89

Extension

Front 90

Are ears protruding in cranial flexion or exstension?

Back 90

Flexion

Front 91

Is a more vertical forehead associated with cranial flexion or extension?

Back 91

Extension

Front 92

Basi-occiput, sacral base, sphenoid, and foramen magnum findings during cranial extension

Back 92

Basi-occiput - Posterior/Inferior, sacral base - anterior, sphenoid - posteriorly rotated, foramen magnum - moves inferiorly

Front 93

Axis direciton in torsional strain?

Back 93

Anteroposterior

Front 94

Relationship between movement of sphenoid/occiput in torsionally strain?

Back 94

Opposite rotations (around A/P axis)

Front 95

How are torsional strians named?

Back 95

For which greater wing of the sphenoid is higher

Front 96

In a right torsion, the left greater wing of the sphenoid would be?

Back 96

Lower

Front 97

In cranial sidebending/rotation, which side "drops"

Back 97

The convex side (the side the dysfunction is named for)

Front 98

How many axis in cranial sidebending/rotation? What direction?

Back 98

Three. Two vertical and one A/P

Front 99

In sidebending/rotation, the occiput and sphenoid move opposite around the ________ axis, but the same around the ______ axis

Back 99

Opposite around vertical axes, together around A/P axis

Front 100

How is cranial sidebending/rotation named?

Back 100

By the side of the convexity (the side the "opens up")

Front 101

In sidebending/rotation, which hand feels "fuller?"

Back 101

The hand on the side of the dysfunction

Front 102

Location and direction of the axes in lateral strains?

Back 102

2 vertical; one through sphenoid, one through foramen magnum

Front 103

Number and direction of axes in vertical strains?

Back 103

Two parallel transverse axes

Front 104

In vertical strain, sphenoid and occiput rotate in the _________ direction

Back 104

Same (both anatomically flex or extend)

Front 105

How are vertical strains named?

Back 105

For the direction the sphenoid moves relative to the occiput

Front 106

Usual cause of SBS compression

Back 106

Trauma (particularly to back of head)

Front 107

In superior vertical strain, you would feel your hands move?

Back 107

Inferiorly

Front 108

In inferior vertical strain, you would feel your hands move?

Back 108

Superiorly

Front 109

For torsion: low occiput = ispsilateral temporal bone is?

Back 109

Externally rotated

Front 110

Vault hold findings for torsion?

Back 110

Hand on side of dysfunctionrotates towards the operator, other one away

Front 111

For a right torsion, list the position (superior/inferior) for each side of the sphenoid and occiput

Back 111

Right sphenoid: superior, left sphenoid: inferior, right occiput: inferior, left occiput: superior

Front 112

For a left torsion, list the position (superior/inferior) for each side of the sphenoid and occiput

Back 112

Right sphenoid: inferior, left sphenoid: superior, right occiput: superior, left occiput: inferior

Front 113

For a torsion, give the following ipsilateral findings: orbit, eye, frontal bone, ear, matoid tip

Back 113

Orbit - wide, Eye - protruded, Frontal - full, Ear - awar from head, Mastoid tip - posteriomedial

Front 114

For a torsion, give the following contralateral findings: orbit, eye, ear

Back 114

Oribt - narrow, Eye - retruded, Ear - closer to head

Front 115

Around what axis does cranial "sidebending" occur?

Back 115

Vertical

Front 116

Around what axis does cranial "rotation" occur?

Back 116

Anteroposterior

Front 117

Vault hold findings for sidebending rotation?

Back 117

Finger spread, inferior movement, and fuller feeling on side of dysfunciton. Opposite on contralateral side

Front 118

Cause of sidebending/rotation?

Back 118

Trauma at level of SBS. Can occur during birth

Front 119

For sidebending rotation, give the following ipisilateral findinds: Orbit, Eye, Frontal bone, Ear, Mastoid tip

Back 119

Orbit - narrow, Eye - retracted, Frontal - flat, Ear - away from head, Mastoid tip - posteromedial

Front 120

Mastoid tip will become posteromedial when temporal bone?

Back 120

Externall rotates

Front 121

For a left sidebending/rotation, list the position (A/P and superior/inferior) for each side of the sphenoid and occiput

Back 121

Right sphenoid: posterosuperior, Left sphenoid: anteroinferior, Right occiput: anterosuperior, Left occiput: Posteroinferior

Front 122

For a right sidebending/rotation, list the position (A/P and superior/inferior) for each side of the sphenoid and occiput

Back 122

Right sphenoid: anteroinferior, Left sphenoid: posterosuperior, Right occiput: Posteroinferior, Left occiput: anterosuperior

Front 123

In superior vertical strain, list the position of the sphenoid, occiput, or temporals (cranial position, not anatomical)

Back 123

Sphenoid in flexion, occiput in extension, temporals externally rotated

Front 124

In inferior vertical strain, list the position of the sphenoid, occiput, or temporals (cranial position, not anatomical)

Back 124

Sphenoid in extension, occiput in flexion, temporals externally rotated

Front 125

List the vault hold findings for superior vertical strain

Back 125

Forefingers move inferiorly, while little fingers move superiorly, both hands move inferiorly

Front 126

List the vault hold findings for inferior vertical strain

Back 126

Forefingers move superiorly, little fingers move inferiorly, both hands move superiorly

Front 127

Blow on top head of head posterior to SBS will cause?

Back 127

Superior vertical strain

Front 128

Blow on top head of head anterior to SBS will cause?

Back 128

Inferior vertical strain

Front 129

Blow from below the head posterior to SBS will cause?

Back 129

Inferior vertical strain

Front 130

Blow from below the head anterior to SBS will cause?

Back 130

Superior vertical strain

Front 131

For a superior verticle strain, list the position (superior/inferior) for each side of the sphenoid and occiput

Back 131

Sphenoid (both sides) inferior, Occiput (both sides) superior

Front 132

For an inferior verticle strain, list the position (superior/inferior) for each side of the sphenoid and occiput

Back 132

Sphenoid (both sides) superior, Occiput (both sides) inferior

Front 133

In a left lateral strain, which way will the bases of the sphenoid and occiput move?

Back 133

Sphenoid left, occiput right

Front 134

In a right lateral strain, which way will the bases of the sphenoid and occiput move?

Back 134

Sphenoid right, occiput left

Front 135

Vault hold finding for lateral strain?

Back 135

Little fingers shift toward dysfunction side, forefingers shift away (form a parallelogram)

Front 136

For a left lateral strain, list the position (A/P and medial/lateral) for each side of the sphenoid and occiput

Back 136

Right sphenoid: Posterolateral, Left sphenoid: Anteromedial, Right occiput: Posteromedial, Left occiput: anterolateral

Front 137

For a right lateral strain, list the position (A/P and medial/lateral) for each side of the sphenoid and occiput

Back 137

Right sphenoid: Anteromedial, Left sphenoid: Posterolateral, Right occiput: Anterolateral, Left occiput: Posteromedial

Front 138

Describe SBS compression

Back 138

Sphenoid and occiput compress together on an anteroposterior axis

Front 139

Vault hold findings for SBS compression

Back 139

Fingers of both hands approximate, distance between sphenoid and occipital angles reduced, motion is reduced