Final Lab Exam

Front 1

Select all that are true about the histology and general organization of the esophagus

a. The epithelium consists of thousands of beating cilia which are collectively known as the brush border.

b. The muscularis mucosae is responsible for peristaltic contractions.

c. A lacteal (that absorbs and transports nutrients) is found in the Submucosa.

d. The submucosa is richly supplied with blood vessels, nerves, and glands.

e. The most superficial layer is the adventitia.

f. The epithelium consists of stratified squamous epithelium.

g. The muscularis consists of two layers of smooth muscle. running at right angles to each other.

h. The most superficial layer is the serosa.

Back 1

d e f g

Front 2

Select all that are true about the histology and general organization of the small intestine

a. The most superficial layer is the serosa.

b. A lacteal (that absorbs and transports nutrients) is found in the Submucosa.

c. The epithelium consists of thousands of beating cilia which are collectively known as the brush border.

d. The most superficial layer is the adventitia.

e. The mucosa contains numerous microvilli on its apical surface.

f. The submucosa is richly supplied with blood vessels, nerves, and glands.

g. The muscularis consists of two layers of smooth muscle running at right angles to each other.

h. The epithelium consists of stratified squamous epithelium.

Back 2

a e f g

Front 3

Which of the following are true:

a. These are pancreatic acini.

b. These are Islets of Langerhans (pancreatic islets).

c. They release their secretions directly into the blood stream via capillaries.

d. These are the exocrine cells of the pancreas.

e. They produce digestive enzymes.

f. These are pancreatic ducts.

g. They use a series of ducts to transport their secretions into the small intestine.

h. They produce insulin and glucagon.

i. These are the endocrine cells of the pancreas.

Back 3

b c h i

Front 4

a. These are pancreatic acini.

b. They release their secretions directly into the blood stream via capillaries.

c. These are Islets of Langerhans (pancreatic islets).

d. These are pancreatic ducts.

e. These are the endocrine cells of the pancreas.

f. These are the exocrine cells of the pancreas.

g. They produce digestive enzymes.

h. They produce insulin and glucagon.

i. They use a series of ducts to transport their secretions into the small intestine

Back 4

a f g i

Front 5

Which tissue layer (tunic) of the small intestine is the most superficial?

Back 5

serosa

Front 6

Which tissue layer (tunic) of the small intestine is represented here by the letter 'A'

Back 6

muscularis

Front 7

Which tissue layer (tunic) of the small intestine is represented here by the letter 'A'

Back 7

mucosa

Front 8

Which of the following statements are true about highlighted area of this image?

Select one or more:

a. It is called the renal pyramid

b. Its apex is in the cortex and its base is the renal papillae

c. Its base is in the cortex and its apex is the renal papillae

d. You would be able to find the entire nephron in this area

e. It is called the renal lobule

f. It just contains blood vessels and connective tissue

g. This area along with the calyces make up the renal medulla

h. You would be able to find the loop of henle and collecting ducts in this area

i. This area along with the renal columns make up the renal medulla

j. It contains blood vessels, connective tissue, and some of the functional tissue of the kidney

Back 8

a c h i j

Front 9

Label

Back 9

1 – Efferent arteriole, 2 – Afferent Arteriole, 3 – Bowman's Capsule, 4 – Glomerulus, 8 – Renal corpuscle

Front 10

Label

Back 10

1 – Podocytes, 2 – Endothelium, 4 – Bowman's capsule, 3 – Bowman's space

Front 11

What is the feature seen here and what is its function?

Back 11

It is a renal papillae and its purpose is to allow urine to pass out of the renal pyramid and eventually onto the ureter

Front 12

Label

Back 12

1 – Renal artery, 2 – Renal vein, 3 – Renal sinus, The indent where 1 and 2 are entering/exiting the kidney – Renal hilus

Front 13

Which of the following statements are true about the feature at the end of the pointers?

a. They are the location in the nephron where most of the filtration occurs.

b. They are collectively referred to as the bush border and they decrease the sruface area of cells

c. In the nephron they are only found in distal convoluted tubules

d. They finger like projections of the basal cellular membrane known as villi

e. They finger like projections of the apical cellular membrane known as microvilli

f. In the nephron they are only found in proximal convoluted tubules

g. They are collectively referred to as the brush border and they increase the surface area of cells

h. They are the location in the nephron where most of the selective reabsorption occurs.

Back 13

e f g h

Front 14

What is the name of the structures at the end of the pointers and what type of epithelium lines their lumen?

Back 14

They are proximal convoluted tubules and their lumen is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium that posess microvilli.

Front 15

Which beverage is the control beverage?

Back 15

Distilled Water

Front 16

What time point was the control for your beverage?

Back 16

30 minutes

Front 17

Why do people with diabetes mellitus have glucose in their urine?

Back 17

There is too much glucose in the filtrate for it to be completely reabsorbed into the blood

Front 18

What is water going to have an effect on?

Back 18

volume and specific gravity

Front 19

What is v8 going to have an effect on?

Back 19

sodium concentration and sodium excretion rate

Front 20

what is tums going to have an effect on?

Back 20

pH

Front 21

What is cranberry juice going to have an effect on?

Back 21

ph and specific gravity

Front 22

what is beer going to have an effect on?

Back 22

volume and specific gravity

Front 23

What anatomical structure is shown in this image?

Back 23

seminiferous tubules

Front 24

the Ph of the vagina is :

Select one or more:

a. between 7.4-8.2 due to the presence of potassium hydroxide

b. acidic because of glycogen fermentation caused by bacteria

c. between 3.5-4.0 due to lactic acid

d. high in order to be naturally spermicidal

e. between 8.5-11.0 due to lactic acid

f. acidic because of glycogen oxidation caused by viruses

Back 24

b and c

Front 25

what is the procedure called when the prepuce, which covers the glans, is surgically removed?

Back 25

circumcision