Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Why must a patient's age and gender be included on his/her laboratory test requisition?
|
Values for some blood components vary considerably depending upon the age of the patient (i.e. RBCs & WBCs are normally higher in newborns than in adults).
|
|
|
Name 3 tests that generally have dietary restrictions
|
Glucose
Lipid Panel Triglycerides |
|
|
Edema
|
Swelling due to the accumulation of fluid in the tissue
|
|
|
List 4 reasons why edematous areas are unsuitable for venipuncture
|
1. Impaired circulation can lead to inaccurate test results
2. Specimens may be contaminated with tissue fluid resulting in inaccurate test results 3. Hard to palpate 4. Tissue often fragile and easily injured |
|
|
Hematoma
|
Mass of blood that has leaked into the tissue (bruise)
|
|
|
Indicate 2 ways you can recognize hematoma formation during a venipuncture procedure
|
1. Swelling at or near the venipuncture site
2. Appearance of blue color spreading out underneath the skin |
|
|
Identify 2 reasons why the phlebotomist should try to avoid causing a hematoma
|
1. It is painful to the patient
2. It could cause inaccurate test results |
|
|
If patient has third-degree burns on his LEFT arm and an IV in his RIGHT arm, in the cephalic vein about 5 inches above the writs. List 3 options for choosing a site for venipuncture.
|
1. Draw below the IV
2. Use a different vein than the one in the IV 3. Draw from the hand |
|
|
How might a phlebotomist assist in obtaining blood from a vascular access
|
Can assist in determining which tubes are needed for the draw.
|
|
|
Identify the lab test that, when marked on a patient's requisition, should alert you to expect prolonged bleeding.
|
1. Prothrombin Time (Protime)
2. Activated Partial Thromboplastin time (PTT) |
|
|
You are in the process of drawing the blood from Ms. Ivana Kostanza when she tells you she feels lightheaded. What should you do right away?
|
Stop the draw
|
|
|
You are in the process of drawing the blood from Ms. Ivana Kostanza when she tells you she feels lightheaded. Identify the primary concern in this situation.
|
That the patient might fall and injure herself.
|
|
|
What should be done immediately if a hematoma should form during a venipuncture procedure?
|
Stop the draw and apply pressure for a inimum of 2 minutes.
|
|
|
lymphostasis
|
Obstruction or stoppage of normal lymph flow
|
|
|
Explain how lymphostasis relates to mastectomy patients
|
When the lymph tissue is removed it can cause lymphostasis and result in edema, which can alter the composition of blood and cause inaccurate test results.
|
|
|
Explain why phlebotomy procedures should not be performed on an arm on the side of a mastectomy.
|
Because in addition to the breast being removed, the lymph tissue in the surrounding area is also removed. This can lead to complications such as lymphostasis, edema, and infection, altering the composition of blood in that arm which could lead to inaccurate test results.
|
|
|
What indications suggest that you have accidentally punctured an artery during a venipuncture?
|
Blood will be bright red and will pulse into the tube
|
|
|
Describe the standard follow-up procedure if an accidental arterial puncture does occur. 6 steps
|
a. Continue the draw
b. Once needle is withdrawn, phlebotomist applies direct pressure for a minimum of 5 full minutes c. Label tube and requisition as “possible arterial” d. Make absolutely certain bleeding has stopped before bandaging e. Instruct patient according to facility policy f. Notify supervisor before dismissing patient |
|
|
Identify 5 indications that your needle may be in contact with a major nerve while performing a venipuncture.
|
a. Electric shock sensation in arm
b. Numbness in fingers c. Tingling sensation in fingers d. Extreme pain down arm e. Unusual burning sensation around site |
|
|
Assume that the patient you are drawing reports one or more of the symptoms that your needle may be in contact with a major nerve. Describe what 5 things you should do.
|
a. Stop venipuncture immediately
b. Take tourniquet off, needle out, gauze/pressure on c. Assess/instruct patient using facility policy d. Will have to draw patient again e. Document with facility policy and notify supervisor before dismissing patient. |
|
|
hemoconcentration
|
A decrease in the fluid content of the blood and an increase in nonfilterable large molecule or protein-based blood components such as red blood cells. This is caused by leaving a tourniquet on for a prolonged period.
|
|
|
Identify 5 phlebotomy related causes of hemoconcentration.
|
i. Leaving the tourniquet on for a prolonged period
ii. Patient pumping hand iii. Massaging or squeezing the site iv. Probing for veins v. Drawing blood from sclerosed or occluded veins |
|
|
List 4 tests that may be falsely elevated if hemoconcentration does occur.
|
i. RBC
ii. Enzymes (e.g. LDH, CK) iii. Iron iv. Calcium |
|
|
18. State the maximum length of time the tourniquet should be left on?
|
1 minute
|
|
|
Identify seven procedural errors that can result in failure to obtain blood during VP.
|
1. Tube position and vacuum
2. Needle position 3. Needle's bevel against the vein wall 4. Needle too deep 5. Needle not deep enough 6. Needle beside the vein 7. Collapsed vein |
|
|
20. What is the maximum needle angle that can be used for venipuncture?
|
30 degrees
|
