Final Exam S.s. Study Guide

Front 1

Greek city-state, made if a city and surrounding countryside, run like an independent country

Back 1

polis

Front 2

an open area that served as aa market and a meeting place

Back 2

agora

Front 3

official who ruled a state in the Persian Empire under Darius

Back 3

satraps

Front 4

a government in which a small group of people holds power

Back 4

oligarchy

Front 5

why was there a time period called the Dark Ages that occured around 600 B.C.?

Back 5

People forgot how to read and write

Front 6

Who decides government matters in a direct democracy?

Back 6

The citizens

Front 7

what skills did the Myceneans learn from the Minoans?

Back 7

work with bronze,build shipd, navigation by sun and stars to find their way at sea

Front 8

who freed the Greek states in asia minor from perisian rule?

Back 8

alexander the great

Front 9

period when greek language and ideas spread to non-greek people

Back 9

hellenistic era

Front 10

beliefed people should use knowledge to improve themselves and developed the art of public speaking and debate

Back 10

sophists

Front 11

built Alexandria, named it after himself, his armies conquered land as as far east as pakistan

Back 11

alexander the great

Front 12

what type of achievements (or learning) were taken place during the hellenistic era?

Back 12

art, architecture, scientific, philosophy, literature

Front 13

whose armies conquered the land as far east as modern Pakistan

Back 13

alexander the great

Front 14

who built one of the greatest cities and named it after himself

Back 14

alexander the great

Front 15

taught that people needed to have a sense of duty to their family and community in order to bring peace to society

Back 15

Confucianism

Front 16

first examples of written Chinese language

Back 16

Oracle bones

Front 17

large network of trade routes stretching 4000 miles from China to southwest Asia

Back 17

Silk Road

Front 18

children's respect for their parents and older relatives, an important part of confucian beliefs

Back 18

filial piety

Front 19

which philosophy taught that people need a strong ruler to maintain order?

Back 19

legalism

Front 20

the zhou dynasty claimed this principle gave them the right to rule what was it?

Back 20

mandate of heaven

Front 21

Ruled on a temporary basis during emergencies

Back 21

Dictator

Front 22

Wealthy landowner and a member of the ruling class in ancient Rome

Back 22

Patrician

Front 23

Member of the common people in ancient Rome

Back 23

Plebian

Front 24

These were Rome's first written laws

Back 24

Twelve Tablets

Front 25

What helped Rome's trade?

Back 25

Rome's currency

Front 26

Who were involved in the First Punic War?

Back 26

Carthage and Rome

Front 27

What were they fighting for in the First Punic War?

Back 27

Control of Sicily

Front 28

Language that became the basis of modern European languages

Back 28

Latin

Front 29

This is a period of rapidly increasing prices

Back 29

Inflation

Front 30

What did Diocletian do when he took power in AD 284?

Back 30

Introduced reforms

Front 31

To declare a person no longer belongs to a church.

Back 31

Excommunicate

Front 32

Offical church teaching is known as ...

Back 32

Doctrine

Front 33

This person is the leader of the Roman Catholic Church.

Back 33

Pope

Front 34

What modern country has more Muslims than any other country?

Back 34

Indonesia

Front 35

What is the name of the holy book of Islam?

Back 35

Quran

Front 36

What happened when the last Severan emporer died?

Back 36

Rome's government and military leaders fought for control

Front 37

What belief does Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have in common?

Back 37

One god

Front 38

What was used in the earliest printing process?

Back 38

Cuts on blocks of wood

Front 39

The Mongols were known for being what?

Back 39

Fierce warriors

Front 40

Why did the Mings sometimes take a census?

Back 40

Collect taxes

Front 41

This term refers to the culture and language of East Africa.

Back 41

Swahili

Front 42

This refers to a group of people that trace descent through mothers rather than fathers.

Back 42

Matrilineal

Front 43

The spreading of African people and culture around the world by enslaved Africans.

Back 43

Africa Diaspora

Front 44

What event changed the nature of slavery in Africa?

Back 44

Arrival of the Europeans

Front 45

How were children educated in medieval West Africa?

Back 45

Oral histories and proverbs

Front 46

This is the class of warriors in feudal Japan who pledged for loyalty to a noble in return for land.

Back 46

Samurai

Front 47

What does the "kamikaze" come from?

Back 47

Divine wind

Front 48

This is the term used to describe a hatred of Jews.

Back 48

Anti-semitism

Front 49

Political system based on bonds of loyalty between lords and vassels.

Back 49

Feudalism

Front 50

How did mountains and rivers shape European culture?

Back 50

Separated cultures from one another

Front 51

This was the church court developed to put heretics on trial.

Back 51

Inquisition

Front 52

This was a document that took away some of the kings' powers.

Back 52

Magna Carta

Front 53

What is a crusade?

Back 53

Holy war

Front 54

Who were the people or groups of people involved in crusades?

Back 54

Christians and Muslim turks

Front 55

How did the Black Death effect Europe?

Back 55

Wages rose and trade declined.