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136 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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East Asia includes what countries?
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China, Mongolia, Japan, South and North Korea and Taiwan.
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Where is the Gobi desert located?
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Very north China and South Mongolia
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What is the climate like for Western and Northwestern East Asia?
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Dry and continental climate. (hot summers and cold winters)
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What is the climate like in the Tibetan Plateau (South West)?
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cool summers and very cold winters.
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What is the climate like in Northeastern East Asia?
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moderately humid. (cold winters and warm summers)
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What is the climate like in Southern East Asia?
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humid and subtropical. Winters are mild and rainy and summers are hot with heavy monsoonal rains.
– Annual rainfall is 47 inches or higher than it is in the north. |
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What countries have the highest population densities in East Asia?
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Japan, North and South Koreas, Inner China and Taiwan
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What are the largest cities in the East Asia region and also among the 20 largest cities by population in the world?
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• Tokyo, Japan - 28,025,000
• Shanghai, China - 14,173,000 • Seóul, S.Korea - 12,215,000 • Beijing, China - 12,033,000 • Osaka, Japan - 10,609,000 • Tianjin, China - 10,239,000 |
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What is one of the least densely populated countries in the world?
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Mongolia
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What city is greatly polluted and which city is obsessed with recycling in East Asia?
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Beijing is densely polluted and Tokyo is a fantastic recycling city.
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When was the One Child Policy in China introduced? What were some of its exceptions?
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1979.
Exceptions: rural couples, ethnic minorities, and parents who are only children themselves |
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What would be the penalty if you had more than one child in China?
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Families with more than one child would be penalized by a 10% decrease in their annual wages, and their children would not be eligible for free education and healthcare benefits.
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When would you be allowed to have two children?
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Families are allowed to have two children if the first child is female or disabled
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What were some of the issues of the One Child Policy?
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forced abortions
• forced sterilization • a disdain for female infants (abortion, neglect, abandonment, and even infanticide) • “Little emperors 4-2-1” syndrome |
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What were some of the benefits of the One Child Policy?
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• Environmental Impact
• Greater women in the labor force • Increased savings • Effective population control (otherwise China’s population would have been 300 million larger) • More responsible parenting. |
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What was the worlds largest land empire in history?
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The Mongolian Empire.
A system of mounted couriers was established throughout the empire landscape, linking the capital of the great khan in Mongolia with the far-flung outposts of the empire. |
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Khublai Khan (grandson of Gangis Khan) established what Dynasty?
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The Yuan Dynasty.
Mongolian empire reached its geographic height during Yuan Dynasty. This was also the first dynasty to rule the whole of China from Beijing as the capital. |
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What Dynasty replaced Yuan Dynasty and in turn expelled Mongols from China?
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The Ming Dynasty
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What Dynasty was the last Han Chinese dynasty and was defeated
by the Manchus who established the Qing dynasty in China? |
The Ming Dynasty
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“Keep your hair, lose your head'
The Manchu hairstyle was forcefully introduced to China in the early 17th century. Why was the Manchu hairstyle significant? |
It distinguished between the Manchus and the indigenous Chinese.
It was a symbol of Han Chinese submission to Manchu rule. The queue also aided the Manchus in identifying those Chinese that refused to accept Manchu domination of the Chinese state. |
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What three things were foot binding considered to show or be?
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• Status of wealth
• Beauty • Grace |
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What was the most popular drug in Ancient China?
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Opium
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How long did the Opium Wars (Or Anglo-Chinese Wars) last?
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lasted from 1839 to 1842 and 1856 to 1860.
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What was the Treaty of Nanjing (1842)?
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Pay an indemnity to Britain, open 5 ports to Britain, and cede Hong Kong to Britain.
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What was the Treaty of Tianjin?
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The creation of 10 new port cities, permission for foreigners (including Protestant and Catholic missionaries) to travel throughout the country, and pay an indemnity.
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Who was the last emperor of China?
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Puyi
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What was the capital of Japan, the residence of Japan’s imperial family and capital of Japan for over 1000 years?
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Kyoto
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What are the three key things about The Tokugawa dynasty (1603-1868)?
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– Complete isolation and inward looking policies.
– Tokugawa shogun based in Edo (Tokyo) – During the subsequent Edo period, Edo grew into one of the largest cities in the world by the 18th century. It became the de facto capital of Japan. |
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What % of the worlds population is in East Asia?
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22%
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The Meiji restoration believed that Industrialization would:
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"Enrich the country, strengthen the military"
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What were the six key things that describe the Meiji Restoration?
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– a highly centralized, bureaucratic government
– a constitution establishing an elected parliament – a well-developed transport and communication system – a highly educated population free of feudal class restrictions – an established and rapidly growing industrial sector based on the latest technology – a powerful army and navy |
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What are the four main reasons for the 1st economic miracle in Japan?
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• Cultural obedience
• Educational reforms • Sericulture • Spoils of military aggression – naval victories over China(1895-95) – Russia (1904-05) – The Annexation of Taiwan (1895) – Korea (1910) – Manchuria (1931) |
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What year did Japan attack US at Pearl Harbor?
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1941
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Why is 1945 important for Japan?
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Nuclear bombings on two Japanese cities in 1945 and the subsequent defeat of Japan.
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In 1946, industrial output in Japan was what percent of the prewar level?
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30%
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How many years did it take for Japan to get back to its prewar levels of output?
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5 years
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In the 50's and 60's the annual growth rate of Japan was what percent compared to North America and Europe?
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Japan's growth rate was 10% compared to NA and Euro's 2%
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1911: the Qing dynasty was
overthrown and replaced by what party? |
the Nationalist Party
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What was the party that was led by Mao Zedong took control of all over China except Taiwan where the Nationalist leadership had retreated under the U.S. protection?
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The Communist Party
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What was the five-year plan and what was the outcome of it?
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Land reform, the formation of agricultural collectives
It is estimated that between 20 and 30 million people died from starvation and malnutrition related diseases between 1959-1962. |
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What was Mao Zedong's “Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution” in
1966? |
A sustained attack on Chinese traditions and cultural practices.
A relentless harassment of “revisionist” elites. Terrifying climate of suspicion and recrimination. Millions were displaced and tens of thousands lost their lives. |
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What stopped the Cultural Revolution of Mao Zedong?
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The death of Mao Zedong and the subsequent arrest of the politically extreme “Gang of Four” in 1976 made the Cultural Revolution come to an end.
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What were Deng Xiaoping "Four Modernizations"?
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S.A.I.D
Science, Agriculture, Industry and Defense |
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What were the qualities of Japan's Postwar economic miracle?
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Well-educated, loyal, relatively cheap labor force.
A large national market with good internal communications. Good geographic location. State bureaucracy guided and coordinated Japanese corporations, particularly through the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) |
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Who has the worlds 5th largest standing army?
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North Korea
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Who has one of the worst human rights records of any nation?
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North Korea
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North Korea has nuclear warheads aimed at which two countries?
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Japan and South Korea
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What parallel is the border between North and South Korea?
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38th parrallel
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Which country occupied South Korea and which country occupied North?
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The US occupied the South, while Soviets occupied the North.
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What country has developed into one of the continent's most well-off
nations? |
South Korea
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When did China invade Tibet? How many people were killed?
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1950 and tens of thousands of Tibetans were killed.
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Where did the 14th Dalai Lama flee to when China invaded Tibet?
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India
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Who are the "Four Asian Tigers"?
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Four Asian Tigers or Asian Tigers refers to the highly industrialized
economies of Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan. |
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Who has overtaken the US as the world's second-biggest exporter and is breathing down the neck of top-placed Germany?
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China
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What is Offshore outsourcing?
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Shifting jobs to lower-wage countries to cut operating costs.
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What is Deindustrialization
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decline in industrial employment in core regions as firms scale back their activities in response to lower levels of profitability
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What is Creative destruction?
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withdrawal of investments from activities (and regions) that yield low rates of profit, in order to reinvest in new activities (in new places)
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What is the most populous country in Southeast Asia?
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Indonesia
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What are the smallest and biggest countries in the Southeast Asia region by area?
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Smallest: Singapore
Biggest: Indonesia |
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What is the climate like in Southeast Asia?
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Tropical Monsoon
– Warm year round – Seasonal rainfall • 80 inches yearly • Flooding • Typhoons |
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How many people did the Tsunami kill?
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Killed more than 225,000 people in 11 countries, and engulfed coastal areas with waves up to 80 feet high.
• One of the deadliest natural disasters in history. |
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What countries were hit the worst by the Tsunami?
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Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India,and Thailand were hardest hit.
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What is the population growth like in Southeast Asia?
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– Slow in wealthy countries
– High in poor countries |
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What is Transmigration?
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– From urban to rural
– Government program |
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What percent of Southeast Asia is urban? What are the largest cities?
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• 50% Urban
• Large Cities – Bangkok (8.5 m) – Manila (15m) – Jakarta (16.5) |
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What are the two types of cities seen in the early civilizations of Southeast Asia?
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– Port Cities
– Religious/ceremonial centers |
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What is French Indochina?
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formed in 1887 comprising of what now are Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos following its victory in the Sino-French war (1884-1885), and the Franco-Siamese War (1893).
The federation lasted until 1954. |
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What was the only country that
was able to maintain its political independence throughout the political period of Europe expansion in the Southeast Asia? |
Thailand
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What was Ho Chi Minh's political party called?
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Viet Minh
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Who is Home to the worlds’ largest Muslim population? It is a secular
state |
Indonesia
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Who was the first president of Indonesia?
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Sukarno was the first President of Indonesia from 1945 to 1967. He was forced out of power by one of his generals, Suharto, who formally
became President from 1967 to 1998. |
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What is the first new nation of the 21 century?
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East Timor
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What was the Santa Cruz massacre?
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On November 12, 1991, Indonesian
troops fired upon a peaceful memorial procession to a cemetery in Dili, East Timor. More than 271 East Timorese were killed that day at the Santa Cruz cemetery or in hospitals soon after. An equal number were disappeared and are believed dead. |
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What country has the highest living standard in Asia?
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Singapore
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What three countries are in the "Growth Triangle"?
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Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia
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What is ASEAN
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Association of Southeast Asian
Nations, was formed in 1967 to foster an alliance in a regional security and economic development. It includes all regional countries (except East Timor) – Nuclear-Weapon- Free Zone – Environmental cooperation |
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What city/country in East Asia is called the "roof of the world"
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Lhasa, Tibet
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What nation is a Predominantly Christian nation in Southeast Asia?
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The Philippines
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What is the only landlocked nation in Southeast Asia?
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Laos
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What city in Southeast Asia is regarded as an "entrepot" city in regards to trading?
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Singapore
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Which European nation colonized Vietnam?
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France
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What country was never colonized by Europeans in Southeast Asia?
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Thailand
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When the European expansion occurred in Southeast Asia which European countries took over what?
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• The Netherlands- Indonesia
• Portugal - East Timor • Spain - Philippines (U.S. after 1898) • France- Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia (called French Indochina) • Great Britain- Malaya, Myanmar (Burma) • Thailand (Siam) was never colonized |
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What happened in the First Indochina War?
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• Ho Chi Minh led the Viet Minh, a political party, for independence movement from 1941 onward, proclaiming the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1945 and defeating the French Union in 1954.
• The Viet Minh set up a government north of the 17th parallel, while the Vietnamese noncommunists set up a government south of the demarcation line dividing Vietnam into North South Vietnam. |
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What is the most commonly used name for the second Indochina war?
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The Vietnam War
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What were the parties, area affected, results and casualties of the Vietnam War? (1954-1975)
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• Parties: The communist North Vietnam, backed by the countries in the communist satellite, and the government of South Vietnam, supported by the United States and others.
• Areas affected: Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. • Result: North Vietnamese Victory. Communist takeover of South Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. • Casualties: The war caused a massive human cost including 58,000 Americans. • The war destroyed 50% of the country's forest cover and 20% of agricultural land especially owing to the widespread use of agents of chemical warfare during the US military effort in the region. • Cambodia, a neutral neighbor, was bombed by the USA with 1 million killed or wounded. |
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Who was General Suharto and what did he believe in and do for Southeast Asia?
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General Suharto imposed authoritarian rule in Indonesia while allowing technocrats to run the economy with considerable success.
• His avowedly anti-Communist stance won him the economic and diplomatic support of the West during the Cold War but he was also responsible for mass-scale slaughter of up to one-million suspected Communist sympathizers. |
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What is Burma?
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also known as Myanmar, is ruled
by a military junta which suppresses almost all dissent and wields absolute power in the face of international condemnation and sanctions |
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Who has been under house arrest on and off since 1980's? WHy?
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Prominent pro-democracy leader and Nobel Peace Prize winner, Aung San Suu Kyi, has been under house arrest on and off since late 1980s.
• Her party, the National League for Democracy, won a landslide victory in 1990 in Burma's first multi-party elections for 30 years, but has never been allowed to govern. |
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What is Indigenous?
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Originating in and characteristic of a particular region or country.
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What are the different names for the Indigenous people of North America?
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-Native Americans
-American Indians -Alaska Natives - La Puebla Indigena |
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What do the Indigenous people of North America call themselves?
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The People: We who originated in and are characteristic of a particular region or Country (North & South America).
- (Eskimo) Iñuit = The People - (Nez Perce) Ni mii puu = The People (San Juan Pueblo) OhkayOwingeh = The Place of the Strong People |
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What is the Background of the Indigenous people of North America?
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U.S. Population: 2.5 million or ~0.8% of total
Over 560 U.S. recognized nations/tribes Over 200 recognized Native Alaska villages Over 300 distinct reservation areas 35% live on reservations or designated Statistical areas (such as Oklahoma) Over 60% live in urban areas |
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What are the largest Native American tribes?
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Cherokee: 730,000
Navajo: 298,000 Latin American origin: 180,000 Choctaw: 158,000 Sioux: 153,000 |
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Where did the Native Americans come from?
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Great Barrier Straight through Alaska.
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What are the different important periods of Native Americans?
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Colonial Period 1492 – 1800s
Removal Period 1830 -1850s Reservation & Treaties 1850 – 1870 Allotment & Assimilation 1887 –1934 Indian Reorganization 1934 – 1950 Termination Period 1950s-1960s Indian Self Determination 1960s - present |
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What two countries are in North America?
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U.S. and Canada
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What is the 2nd largest country in the world?
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Canada
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What was the Region called in North America before the Europeans? What was it like?
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Pristine or virgin land myth
• Wilderness • Pristine natural kingdom • Profound spiritual kinship with nature • Barely perceptible human disturbance |
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Who were the first Europeans to arrive in North America?
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The Vikings (Norse), traveling west from Greenland around 985.
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What is the Columbian Exchange?
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The post-1492 period is known as the era of the Columbian exchange. It includes interchange of crops, animals, people, ideas and diseases between the Old World and the New World of Americas.
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What is the virgin soil epidemic?
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Conditions in which the population at risk has no natural immunity or previous exposure to the disease within the lifetime of the oldest member of the group. (e.g. smallpox, typhus, influenza, diphtheria and measles)
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Who were the three principle colonial powers in North America?
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Spain, England, and France
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What was the Trans-Atlantic Slave trade?
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Plantation slavery became the main industry of the New World colonies, and this gave rise to the beginning of the Atlantic slave trade. The Atlantic slave trade lasted from the
16th century to the 19th century. (estimated 9.4-12 million were brought to the New World) |
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Who was a part of the Atlantic Slave Trade triangle?
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Raw Materials would come out of the North America, Latin America and Northern South America region, reach the Western part of Europe.
Manufactured Goods would then be sent from Europe to Africa. Slaves were sent from Africa to the North America, Latin America Northern South America area and the cycle would repeat. |
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What was the Seven years War?
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(1756–1763)
The French and Indian War, or Seven Years War, represented the decisive turning point in British-colonial relations. The Anglo-French hostilities were ended in 1763 by the Treaty of Paris. France relinquished all of Canada, the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi Valley to the British following the British victory in Seven Years’ War. |
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What was the War of Independence?
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1775 - American Revolution: George
Washington leads colonist Continental Army to fight against British rule. 1776 July 4th - Thomas Jefferson's American Declaration of Independence endorsed by Congress; colonies declare independence. 1783 - Britain accepts loss of colonies by virtue of Treaty of Paris. |
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What were the important dates for the Civil War?
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• The United States outlawed the slave import in 1808 (not the slavery itself)
• 1854 - Opponents of slavery, or abolitionists, set up Republican Party. • 1860 - Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln elected president. • 1860-61 –Civil War. – 11 pro-slavery southern states secede from Union and form Confederate States of America. More Americans would die than in any other conflict before or since. • 1863 - Emancipation Proclamation – Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation declaring slaves in Confederate states to be free. • 1865 - Confederates defeated; slavery abolished under Thirteenth Amendment. Lincoln is assassinated. |
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Who is known as "The Great Emancipator"?
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Abe Lincoln the 16th president.
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What are the events of the Confederation of Canada?
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• 1867: Fearing that the United States might launch an invasion of Canada, the British parliament passed the North America act of 1867, creating the Union of Canada.
• The Act dissolved Canada’s colonial status and established it as an autonomous state. – 1871: British Colombia – 1873: Prince Edward Island – 1949: Newfoundland. |
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When did the US purchase Alaska? From whom and how much?
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• 1867 The United States purchases the Alaska Territory.
– From Russia for $7.2 million. |
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What are some of the important plans that came out of the Cold War?
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• 1947 - the Truman Doctrine.
– US enunciates policy of aid for nations it deems threatened by communism. • 1948 - the Marshall Plan – America's program to revive ailing post-war Western European economies - - comes into force. • 1950-54 - McCarthyism. – Senator Joseph McCarthy carries out a crusade against alleged communists in government and public life; • 1954: Domino Theory – US foreign policy that speculated that if one land in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow in a domino effect . |
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What is the Great Expulsion of 1755?
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French Canadians were exported from Canada.
They lost the war to the British. Arcadia was controlled by British so they got kicked out. |
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What are the shared languages of Latin America?
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Spanish, Portuguese and French.
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What are the sub-regions in Latin America?
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- Central America
– The Southern Cone – The Caribbean |
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What land forms are in Latin America?
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The Andes Mountains and the Amazon River and Basin.
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What are the Natural Disasters in Latin America?
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– Hurricanes
– Volcanoes – Earthquakes |
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What was the 2nd deadliest Atlantic hurricane in history?
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Hurricane Mitch in Honduras.
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What were the pre-colonial Empires in Latin America?
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Mayan, Aztec and Incas.
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What was the 1494 – Treaty of Tordesillas?
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– Agreement by Pope Alexander VI
– World was divided on N-S line about 1800km west of Cape Verde islands – Portugal received lands east of line, Including Brazil and some of Africa – Spain received land west of line, including most of Americas |
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What is the Roosevelt Corollary?
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U.S. President Roosevelt asserted the right of the United States to intervene in Latin America in cases of “flagrant and chronic wrongdoing by a Latin American Nation.” (1904)
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What was the U.S.–Mexican War: (Mexican War) 1846-1848?
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Mexico gained independence from Spain 1821.
Dispute originated from the 1845 U.S. annexation of Texas. By the war's end, Mexico lost nearly half of its territory, the present American Southwest from Texas to California, and the United States became a continental power. |
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What was the Spanish-American War? (1898)
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The United States obtained Puerto
Rico and the Philippines from Spain and began an occupation of Cuba that lasted until 1902. |
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What was the Alliance for Progress?
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Initiated by U.S. President John F. Kennedy in 1961.
Aimed to establish economic cooperation between North and South America. Intended to counter the perceived emerging communist threat from Cuba to U.S. interests and dominance in the region. It included U.S. programs of military and police assistance to counter Communist subversion. |
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What was The Bay of Pigs Invasion?
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An unsuccessful attempt by a U.S.-
trained force of Cuban exiles to invade southern Cuba to overthrow the Fidel Castro government. |
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What was the Cuban missile crisis
1962? |
Ever since the failed Bay of Pigs
invasion in 1961, Castro felt a second attack was inevitable. Consequently, he approved of Khrushchev's plan to place missiles on the island. The Soviet Union built its missile installations in Cuba in 1962 which triggered the closest moment to a nuclear war. |
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What is the Green Revolution and
Land Reform? |
Land Reform– Redistribution of Land into small private farms or communally held properties.
Green Revolution– Worldwide campaign to boost productivity of basic grains: wheat, corn, rice. It is a process of agricultural modernization that used a technological package of higher yielding seeds in combination with irrigation, fertilizers, pesticides, and farm machinery. Spread technologies that had already existed, but had no been widely used outside of industrialized nations. Green Revolution Technologies: – pesticides, – irrigation projects, – synthetic nitrogen fertilizer – high-yielding crop varieties |
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What countries are a part of South Asia?
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Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh
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What country in South Asia gets hit the worst by Monsoons?
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Bangladesh
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What country in South Asia is in danger of disappearing because of rising sea-level, due to global warming?
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Maldives
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What is a caste system?
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• It is a system of kinship groupings (or jati) that is reinforced by language, religion and occupation.
• Born into caste. Endogamy, the practice of marrying within a social group, is expected. • Norms of interaction between classes. • Brahmins (religious leaders) at the top • Untouchables or Dalits at the bottom (those who deal with human waste and dead animals) • In the Caste System those who pursue wealth are less well regarded while those who are religious and who are educated are highly regarded. |
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What are the three island regions in Australia, New Zealand and the South Pacific?
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Melanesia
Micronesia Polynesia |
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What are the two Hindu countries in South Asia?
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Nepal and India
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What are the two Buddhist countries in South Asia?
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Sri Lanka and Bhutan
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Least populated region in the world?
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Oceania
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When was Australia granted its independence?
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1901
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