Final Exam Eye, Ear, And Clinical Terms +Pathways

Front 1

Cornea

Back 1

Curved anterior transparent layer of D.C.T. that allows light to enter the eye

Front 2

Sclera

Back 2

The white of the eye. A very thick outer layer of DCT that protects the eye and helps give it its shape.

Front 3

Anterior Cavity

Back 3

The space between the cornea and the lens; filled with aqueous humor.

Front 4

Posterior Cavity

Back 4

The space between the lens and retina; filled with Vitreous body.

Front 5

Aqueous Humor

Back 5

transparent watery fluid that fills the anterior cavity.

Front 6

Vitreous Body

Back 6

Transparent gelatinous mass that fills the posterior cavity.

Front 7

Iris

Back 7

Pigmented smooth muscle that controls the size of the pupil

Front 8

Ciliary Body

Back 8

Thick anterior region of the choroid composed of smooth muscle to control the shape of the lens.

Front 9

Choroid layer

Back 9

Middle layer of the eye. Highly vascular, darkly pigmented layer that absorbs stray light within the eye and provides nutrients to the retina.

Front 10

Retina

Back 10

Innermost layer of the eye composed of bipolar sensory neurons that contain photoreceptors to form the image.

Front 11

Photoreceptors

Back 11

-Rods - For black and white vision in dim light

-Cones - for color vision

Front 12

Central Fovea

Back 12

Cup-like depression in the center of the retina with the highest concentration of cones for the clearest (sharpest) vision.

Front 13

Refraction

Back 13

The bending of light rays as it passes through one transparent medium to another.

Front 14

Accommodation

Back 14

Changing the shape and curvature of the lens to focus an image on the retina for vision at various distances.

Front 15

Myopia

Back 15

Abnormal nearsightedness, because the eyeball is too long. It causes the focal point to be in front of the retina for blurred vision.

Front 16

Hyperopia

Back 16

Abnormal farsightedness, because the eyeball is too short. this causes the focal point to be be behind the retina for blurred vision.

Front 17

Astigmatism

Back 17

Abnormal/irregular curvature of the cornea or lens that distorts refraction leading to blurred vision.

Front 18

Cataract

Back 18

Abnormal clouding of the lens

Front 19

Glaucoma

Back 19

Excessive intraocular pressure due to a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior cavity.

Front 20

Tympanic Membrane

Back 20

A thin, transparent, DCT membrane between the meatus and the middle ear. It vibrates pushing the ossicles toward the oval window.

Front 21

Eustachian Tube

Back 21

A tube that runs between the middle ear and nasopharynx. Its function is to equalize air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane.

-Lined with Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar ET.

Front 22

Oval Window

Back 22

The opening between the middle and inner ear that receives the stapes.

Front 23

Semicircular canals of vestibule

Back 23

Contain fluid to stimulate receptors for equilibrium and balance.

Front 24

Cochlea

Back 24

A Snail-shaped bony spiral that contains the (organ of Corti) receptors for hearing.

Front 25

Pathway of light through the eye.

Back 25

Cornea

Aqueous Humor

Pupil

Lens

Vitreous body

Retina (rods and cones)

Optic nerve

Optic Chiasma

Occipital lobe of cerebral cortex.

Front 26

Pathway of sound through the ear.

Back 26

Pinna

External Auditory Meatus

Tympanic Membrane

Malleus

Incus

Stapes

Oval window

Cochlea

Organ of corti (receptors)

Auditory Nerve

Temporal lobe of cerebral cortex.

Front 27

Pathway of smell

Back 27

External Nares

Olfactory Receptors

Olfactory Nerve

Olfactory Bulb

Olfactory Tract

Temporal lobe of Cerebral Cortex

Front 28

Pathway of Taste

Back 28

Mouth

Papillae

Taste Buds

Gustatory (taste) Receptors

--Anterior tongue - Facial Nerve

--Posterior tongue - Glossopharyngeal nerve.

Parietal Lobe of Cerebral Cortex