Final Exam A & P Dr. S. Pikul Fall 07

Front 1

The spleen is not essential to life.
TRUE or FALSE & WHY ?

Back 1

~ FALSE- BECAUSE IT'S FUNCTIONS CAN BE TAKEN OVER BY THE LIVER AND BONE MARROW.

Front 2

Which of the following is an example of non-specific resistance ?

Back 2

1. flow of saliva
2. Gastric juice acidity
3. nuetralization of an antigen by antibodies
4. phagocytosis
Answer: 3, neutralization of an antibody

Front 3

Interleukin 2 does what ?

Back 3

~ helps activate T-cells

Front 4

________________are lymphocytes that destroy cancerous cells in a non-specific fashion.

Back 4

~ Natural Killere Cells

Front 5

In order to be activated, B cells require ______________

Back 5

~ B cells require co-stimulation by HELPER T CELLS.

Front 6

__________ ARE THE FIRST defensive CELLS TO REACH AN AREA OF INFLAMMATION.

Back 6

~ Neutraphils are the 1st defensive cells to reach an area of INFLAMMATION.

Front 7

Which of the following is an example of specific resistance ?

Back 7

a. fever
b. immunity
c. inflammation
d. phagocytosis
answer: immunity

Front 8

The most abundant type of immunoglobulin is___________?

Back 8

~ IgG

Front 9

Interferon is produced in response to the presence of________?

Back 9

~ VIRUSES

Front 10

The primary phagocytitic cells that are in internal non-specific resistance are______ and ____________?

Back 10

Neutrophils and Macrophages

Front 11

After recovering from certain diseases, one may have__________ immunity.

Back 11

~ naturally aquired active immunity

Front 12

The antibodies involved in allergic reactions are ___________?

Back 12

~ in the IgE class of antibodies

Front 13

An immunoglobulin is an __________?

Back 13

~ antibody

Front 14

Which of the following types of cells are derived from monocytes?

Back 14

~ wandering macrophages

Front 15

Antigen presenting cells ___________________

Back 15

~ are needed for T-cells antigen recognition
~ are phagocytic
~ travel through lymphatic vessels.

Front 16

Emmigration refers to _______?

Back 16

` movement of cells from the circulatory system into infected areas.

Front 17

The functions of the lymphatic system include:

Back 17

~ returning INTERSTITIAL FLUID TO THE BLOOD.

Front 18

B Lymphocytes diferentiate into__________cells, w/c secrete __________?

Back 18

~ b-lymphocytes differntiate int plasma cells w/c secrete antibodies.

Front 19

Lymph nodes function to ________?

Back 19

filter lymph. In fact they are the ONLY structures capable of filtering the lypmh.

Front 20

lYMPH STRUCTURES FOUND AT THE BACK OF THE MOUTH ARE KNOWN AS ?

Back 20

~ PALATINE TONSILS.

Front 21

The Thoracic Duct ________________________?

Back 21

~ drains lymph from MOST of the body.

Front 22

Afferent lymphatic vessels_________________?

Back 22

~ carry lymph TOWARD LYMPH NODES

Front 23

The structure of lymphatic vessels is most similar to that of ___________?

Back 23

~ arterioles
~ artery
~ capillary
~ veins

Front 24

Which of the following does NOT occur during inflammation ?

Back 24

~ clot formation
~ phagocytosis~
~ production of memory cells
~ vasodialation
Answer: produxn of memory cells.

Front 25

Compliment_______________?

Back 25

~ is CHEMOTAXIC and ATTRACTS PHAGOCYTIC CELLS.

Front 26

Fever enhances the effects of____________,___________,__________________,_________?

Back 26

~ Fever enhances the effects of INTERFERONS, INHIBITS GROWTH OF CERTAIN MICROBES,SPEED-UP THE BODIES REPAIR REACTIONS.

Front 27

Efferent lymphatic vessels combine to form the _______ _____________?

Back 27

~ Right Lymphatic Duct.

Front 28

In w/c of the following locations would lymph nodes be most concentrated?

Back 28

~ abdominal region would have the highest concentration of lymph nodes.

Front 29

Lymph from the legs empties into the _______________?

Back 29

Thoracic duct.

Front 30

The largest single mass of lymphatic tissue in the body is the____________?

Back 30

a) liver
b) pancreas
c) spleen
d) thymus
answer: spleen

Front 31

Which of the following would not be used by antibodies to destroy antigens ?

Back 31

a) agglutination
b) immobilization
c) neutralization
d) vasodialation
Answer: vassodialation

Front 32

The chemical in perspiration that kills some bacteria is___________________?

Back 32

~ Lysozome

Front 33

The first stage of inflammation is_________?

Back 33

~ vasodialation and increased permeability of blood vessels

Front 34

The major histocompatability complex (MHC) antigens mark______________________?

Back 34

~MHC's mark ALL BODY CELLS EXCEPT YOUR red blood cells.

Front 35

Antigen-persisting cells (APC's) include ____________?

Back 35

Macrophages

Front 36

When stimulated, the cells that destroy cells infected by viruses, some tumor cells, and cells of a transplant are_______________________?

Back 36

Cytoxic(KILLER) T cells

Front 37

Cytoxic T cells kill target cells directly by _______ _____?

Back 37

~ by secreting Perforin and lymphtoxin.

Front 38

How many antibodies can a plasma cell produce each day?

Back 38

~ HUNDREDS of MILLIONS

Front 39

Lack of reactivity of T cells and B cells to your own proteins is known as ___________ ___________?

Back 39

~ Self tolerance

Front 40

____________are the first antibodies to appear in an ANTIBODY-mediated response.

Back 40

~ IgM's

Front 41

With ageing there is a decline in ____ cells.

Back 41

~ T cells

Front 42

Which of the following is not an antimicrobial ?

Back 42

~ compliment
~ interferon
~ interleukin-2
~ perforin
Answer: interleukin-2

Front 43

Which of the following stimulates B cells to develop into plasma cells ?

Back 43

~ cytoxic T cells
~ helper T cells
~ macrophages
~ memory cells
answer: helper T cells

Front 44

The sequence of structure thru w/c lymph flows where it is COLLECTED in tissues to the VENOUS PART OF THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATORY SYSTEM is_________________________________________________________?

Back 44

LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES > L. vessels > L. nodes > lympatic ducts.

Front 45

What secretes Interleukin-2 ?
(IL-2)

Back 45

~ Helper T cells

Front 46

Emmigration refers to _______?

Back 46

` movement of cells from the circulatory system into infected areas.

Front 47

The functions of the lymphatic system include:

Back 47

~ returning INTERSTITIAL FLUID TO THE BLOOD.
~Transport of FATS from the digestive system to BLOOD
~ iMMUNE RESPONSE: PRODUXN & CIRCULATION of Lymphocytes, FILTERS and CONCENTRATES antigens

Front 48

B Lymphocytes diferentiate into__________cells, w/c secrete __________?

Back 48

~ b-lymphocytes differntiate int plasma cells w/c secrete antibodies.

Front 49

Lymph nodes function to ________?

Back 49

filter lymph. In fact they are the ONLY structures capable of filtering the lypmh.

Front 50

lYMPH STRUCTURES FOUND AT THE BACK OF THE MOUTH ARE KNOWN AS ?

Back 50

~ PALATINE TONSILS.

Front 51

The Thoracic Duct ________________________?

Back 51

~ drains lymph from MOST of the body.

Front 52

Afferent lymphatic vessels_________________?

Back 52

~ carry lymph TOWARD LYMPH NODES

Front 53

The structure of lymphatic vessels is most similar to that of ___________?

Back 53

~ arterioles
~ artery
~ capillary
~ veins
answer: veins

Front 54

Which of the following does NOT occur during inflammation ?

Back 54

~ clot formation
~ phagocytosis~
~ production of memory cells
~ vasodialation
Answer: produxn of memory cells.

Front 55

Compliment_______________?

Back 55

~ is CHEMOTAXIC and ATTRACTS PHAGOCYTIC CELLS.

Front 56

Fever enhances the effects of____________,___________,__________________,_________?

Back 56

~ Fever enhances the effects of INTERFERONS, INHIBITS GROWTH OF CERTAIN MICROBES,SPEED-UP THE BODIES REPAIR REACTIONS.

Front 57

Efferent lymphatic vesselscombine to form the _______ _____________?

Back 57

~ Right Lymphatic Duct.

Front 58

In w/c of the following locations would lymph nodes be most concentrated?

Back 58

~ abdominal region would have the highest concentration of lymph nodes.

Front 59

Lymph from the legs empties into the _______________?

Back 59

Thoracic duct.

Front 60

The largest single mass of lymphatic tissue in the body is the____________?

Back 60

a) liver
b) pancreas
c) spleen
d) thymus
answer: spleen