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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Intent of courts |
Defend judicial construction Interpret the law Secure Inindividual rights |
Supreme Court |
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The Judiciary |
Protected against the will of the majority Weakest branch Cannot become independent |
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Article III |
Power vested in one court |
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Judicial review |
The right if the court to declare all laws null and void if they violate the Constitution |
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Lower courts |
Federal courts can declare rulings of state courts as well as laws of Congress and state legislations unconstitutional |
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Marbury v. Madison (1803) |
The Supreme Court announced for the first time the principle that a court may declare an act of Congress void if it is inconsistent with the Constitution. |
Validates Judicial review & Rights of Lower courts |
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Judicial Review Today |
1. Texual manner 2. Original intent 3. Normative interpretation |
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Textual manner |
Whats actually written |
The Constitution |
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Original intent |
What the founders meant |
Traditional thinking |
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Normative interpretation |
Justices' values |
Modern thinking |
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Supremacy clause |
The Constitution is the supreme law of the land |
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3 types of opinions |
1. Majority (Holding) 2. Concurring 3. Dissenting |
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What determines whether a case goes to federal or state courts? |
1. Federal jurisdiction 2. Appeals to federal court |
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Plea bargain |
An agreement in a criminal case between prosecutor and defendant whereby the defendant agrees to plead guilty in return for concession. |
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Due process |
State must respect all rights that are owed to a person |
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Bureaucracy |
Structure of business with sub-categories that have specific responsibilities and work within a hierarchy of authority |
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Why do we have bureaucracies? |
To organize government and enforce laws |
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Civil rights |
Whos being affected |
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Civil liberties |
Whats being affected |
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13th Amendment |
Declared that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." |
Slavery |
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14th Amendment |
Granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed. |
Slaves |
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15th Amendment |
Granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. |
Voting |
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Plessy v. Ferguson |
Upheld the constitutionality of segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine |
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Board v. BoE Topeka, KS |
The Court unanimously ruled that "separate but equal" public schools for blacks and whites were unconstitutional |
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19th Amendment |
Guarantees all American women the right to vote |
Women |
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Gay/Lesbian Intrests |
Marriage rights Adoption, education, employment |
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Rebecca Felton |
First female senator Served one day Oldesr senator in u.s. |
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26th Amendment |
Gave citizens 18 years and older the right to vote |
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1 Party System |
The existing practices or balance of political power effectively prevent the opposition from winning the elections. |
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2 party system |
Party system where two major political parties dominate politics within a government |
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GA Executive |
Serves 4 years Age: >30 yrs GA resident for 6 yrs U.S. citizen for 15 yrs |
Governor |
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GA Legistature |
Bicameral Age: >25 yrs Lived in GA 2 yrs Lived un distric for 1 Elected from single member districts |
House & Senate |
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GA Supreme Court |
Elected to 6 yr term Must practice law for 7 yrs |
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Leah Sears |
Black female notable for being 1st, youngest and only black female to serve as Superior Court Justice |
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Tinker v. Des Moines |
Supreme Court ruled in a 7-2 decision in favor of the students. The high court agreed that students' free rights should be protected and said, "Students don't shed their constitutional rights at the school house gates |
Mary Beth Tinker and 4 students wearing black armbands to school in orotest if Vietnam war. |
