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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does filtration take place?
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in the glomerulus
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where does reabsorption take place?
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the loop of henle
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difference between afferent and efferent arterioles?
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afferent arterioloe - to the glomerulus
efferent ateriole - away from the glomerulus |
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What is flitered?
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urea and sucrose (some myoglobin and hemoglobin) urea and sucrose can fit through podocytes.
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Where is the filter?
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Lining of the Bowman's Capsule - dimensions of the slits of the podocytes are perfect to explain the selectivity of the filter
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difference between osmotic pressure and blood pressure
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blood pressure - puch stuff through
osmotic pressure - pulls water back |
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Filtration Pressure
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A - 12mmHG
B -0 ~ by the time the filtrate move through the glomerulus, there is no more presuure to push stuff into bowmans capsule. |
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Tubular Reabsorption
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2L urine produced a day -99% reabsorbed
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Reabsorption
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3 Compartment Theory of Water Transport (in the proximal convoluted tubule where most reabsorption takes place)
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Three Compartment Theory of Water Transport
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sodium, Cl and water flow into cell. sodium pumped from lumen to cell. Cl- and water follow. Presuure builds and pushes ions through basement membrane and through capillary wall.
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Effects of caffeine
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sodium pump inhibited by caffeine. makes urine very concentrated and increases rate of urine.
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What can the tube secrete???
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hydrogen ions, potassium ions, penecillin 9why you have to take penicillin every 4 hours)
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What is countercurrent multiplication?
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water is pulled from the descending loop of henle concentrated the urine. NaCl exits the ascending loop of henle which makes a gradient on the outside between the loop and collecting duct. This gradient happens so that the water will be pulled out of the collection duct concentrating urine and saving water.
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How is water controlled leaving the collection ducts?
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AQUAPORINS> proteins that serve as water channles that let the water out. High ADH leads to high aquaporins.
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What would give you a greater ability to concentrate urine?
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A long loop of Henle
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How does alcohol effect the kidney?
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inihibits the release of ADH - so you have dilute urine
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